Iko shuga yokutanga, yakatanga kugamuchirwa kwezviuru zvemakore zvishoma zvisati zvamboitika, muIndia. Akange aitwa kubva kune shuga. Kwenguva refu, ndiyo ndiyo chete shuga inozivikanwa nevanhu. Kusvika ikozvino, muna 1747 mutori wenhau wemuGermany, Andreas Sigismund Marggrave, haana kumbotaura nezvekugona kuwana shuga kubva kuBetroet pamusangano wePrussian Academy of Sciences. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwemabhizimisi yehutu yehutu yakatanga muna 1801 chete, uye ichi chaive chigadziriswa mune zvekushambadzira kwezvokudya. Sezvo, kubvira panguva iyo, shuga yakava yakawanda uye inowanikwa, mapekiti kubva kune zvinonaka zvezvokudya zvishoma nezvishoma zvishoma nezvishoma zvakapfuura muchikamu chezvokudya zvezuva nezuva. Zvibereko zvinosuruvarisa zveizvi zvinonyatsozivikanwa kwatiri tose - zvirwere zvemazino uye kuneta kunenge yava dambudziko rechokwadi munyika yanhasi.
Chii chinonzi shuga?
Shuga inenge iri muhupenyu hwakachena sucrose-carbohydrate, iyo mumitumbi yedu yakakamurwa kuva glucose uye fructose uye inoreva "fast" makhahydrates. Glycemic index ye shuga ndeye 100. Shuga iine simba rakachena, kana kukuvadza, kana kubatsirika, saizvozvowo, haisi kutakura mairi. Matambudziko anotanga patinowana simba rakawanda pane zvatinokwanisa kugadzirisa zvakare. Funga zvinoitika kana shuga inopinda mumuviri wedu. Kusvetwa kwe sucrose kunowanikwa mudumbu duku, kubva kune imwe nzvimbo monosaccharides (glucose uye fructose) inopinda muropa. Zvadaro chiropa, umo glucose inotamirwa ku glycogen - nzvimbo yekuchengetedza mvura pa "zuva remvura", iro rinoshandiswa nyore nyore muglucose, rinotorwa nokuda kwechiitiko chacho. Kana, huwandu hwekukura huri kupfuura hunodikanwa hunodiwa, hunogona kushandurwa kuva glycogen, ipapo insulini inotanga kushanda, kutumira shuga kumafuta ane mafuta emuviri. Uye kushandisa mafuta, muviri wedu seusingafariri, kubva pano-kuwedzera kuwanda, chidimbu. Mukuwedzera, kana kune shuga yakawandisa kubva pakudya, saka kunzwisisika kwemasero ku insulini inoderera, i.e. haakwanisi kutakura glucose yakawandisa kune masero, izvo zvinoita kuti kuwedzera kuwedzerwa mumashuga eropa, uye zvinogona kukonzera chirwere cheshuga chechipiri.
Asi kushaikwa kwemakrohydrates kunowedzerawo kukuvadza. Izvo zvipenyu zvinoda kutora simba kubva pane imwe nzvimbo. Nokudaro, zvakakodzera, zvichida, kwete kutaura pamusoro pekukuvadza kana kubatsirwa kwehuga, zvakadaro, asi pamusoro pekushandisa kwayo kwakakodzera.
Chibereko shuga - yakanaka uye yakaipa
Chibereko shuga, kana fructose - ihama yepedyo yeglucose, asi zvakasiyana nayo, haifaniri kuti insulin ishandiswe, saka inogona kushandiswa kune vane chirwere cheshuga. Zvisinei, pasinei nokuti fructose inogonawo kugadziriswa kuva mafuta, haisi kukonzera manzwiro evanhu, saka inogona kubatsira pakukura kwekuneta. Iine fructose, kwete chete muhuga, asi mumichero yakawanda, nokuda kweiyo, uye ine zita racho.
Sirasi yemazambiringa yakanaka uye yakaipa
Sirasi yemadhipa inonzi glucose. Iyi ndiyo ikakodhidhi yepamusoro, iyo inobatanidzwa mumagetsi emagetsi emumuviri womunhu. Batsiro nekukuvadzwa kwesuga yemazambiringa zvinopesana kubva kune shuga inowanzogara. Kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nekukwanisa kwemahara uye kuviriswa, izvo zvinogona kuvhiringidza microflora.
Cane shuga yakanaka uye yakaipa
Ishuga yekutanga inozivikanwa kuvanhu. Inobva pane shuga. Muchikamu chayo, inenge yakafanana neyeetet shuga uye inosvika kusvika 99% muzana sucrose. Izvo zvemashuga zvakangofanana neaya ane chokuita newaetroot.
Shuga yepamusoro yakanaka uye yakaipa
Iyo inowanikwa nokuomesa juice yezuva, kokonati kana shuga yesundu. Icho chinhu chisina kufanirwa, naizvozvo inofananidzwa sehupenyu hwakanaka kune dzimwe tsika dzeshuga. Kana tichienzanisa shuga nemamwe marudzi, tinogona kutaura kuti hazvina maturo.