Pane chimwe chinhu chakanakisisa here munyika kunze kwemavara akajeka ezvisikwa, azere nemhino dzakasvibirira zvinoputika zvinonhuwira zvebindu kana kuti kunyura mumuchenyu unofadza wezvinomera zvinotapira zvinotyisa? Iyo inononoka mukati mekupisa kwehuzha kwechando kunopinda murugare nerunyararo, kuva kure nematombo uye mhirizhonga muguta racho pakati pemanzwi emhando dzeshiri uye kunhuwirira kwakanaka. Uye mwoyo wemudzimai ane hanya anovhiringidza sei kana mumwe wezvisikwa zvake zvegungwa achiparara kubva pakurwara. Zvisinei, kana usinganono mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, unogona kugadzirisa. Chimwe chinhu chisingashandisi chakashandiswa zvakanaka nevarimi kwemakore anodarika gumi, Bordeaux liquid, kuchatibatsira, kugadzirira uye mitemo yekushandiswa iyo ichakurukurwa pasi apa.
Chii chandinoda kuziva ndisati ndaita Bordeaux mvura?
Usati wagadzirira Bordeaux mvura, ngationei zvimwe zvezvinhu zvayo uye mitemo yekuchengeteka. Mushure mezvose, ichi chinhu chinoshandiswa chemakemikari ane simba, saka zvinoda kungwarira mukubata uye kuvapo kwechidzidzo chenguva shoma.
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti dambudziko rekuchengetedza munda nemichero yezvigadzirwa kubva kune zvirwere nezvirwere zvinoshandiswawo nevasayendisiti uye vazivi vekare. Zvisinei, makemikari mune ino mhizha yakatanga kushandiswa munguva pfupi yapfuura, makore anenge 150 apfuura. Uye kugadzirira kwekutanga kweBordeaux doro kwakaitika muna 1885 kuburikidza nemuFrance Alexander Millarde. Akasika iyi fungicide inobatsira zvikuru kudzivirira minda yemizambiringa kubva pane chirwere chinonzi mildew.
Kuumbwa kweBordeaux mvura kunosanganisira zvitatu zvinokwana: copper vitriol, quality quicklime uye mvura. Mune imwe chikafu chemaini nemvura, zvinonzi mukaka weiyo yakagadzirirwa, uye mune imwe nemvura inopisa, mhangura sulphate inowanikwa. Midziyo inoshandiswa inofanira kuva yegirasi, kana kuti matanda, kana ivhu, kana kushandiswa. Kushandiswa kwemasimbi ematare uye decoctions hakugamuchirwi, kunze kwemidziyo yakagadzirwa nemhangura.
Pakuvhenganisa zvikamu, iyo yakasvibiswa inonzi vitriol yemhangura yakadururirwa mumukaka wearimu nemumvura mutsvuku, asi musanganiswa unoenderera mberi nekuputika kwemapuranga. Somugumisiro, mvura inenge yakaisvonaka yebhuruu-ruvara rwebhuruu neusingaiti zvematongerwe enyika inofanira kuwanikwa. Cherechedza chinyorwa! Kana uchibika, zvikamu zviviri zveBordeaux mvura inofanira kunge inotonhora uye ichinyatsobatana sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro, uye kwete zvisizvo. Iwe unogona kutarisa kusarerekera kwezvinoitwa nepepa yemaitmus kana chero chinhu chesimbi, banga, mbambo, foni, inonyanya kukosha, inofanira kunge yakachena. Kana chidimbu chepurasi kana bhanhire romukati rakasvibiswa nemuvara wendarira mutsvuku, mukaka wechena unofanira kuwedzerwa kusvikira kushatiswa kwemaiti kuchikanganisika. Kana zvisina kudaro, iwe unogona kupisa mavara mashizha emiti uye ipapo havazofizve kubva kune fungi, asi kubva pakurasikirwa korona. Uye zvino ngationei kuti tingagadzirira sei Bordeaux mvura muhuwandu.
Nzira yekuita 1% uye 3% Bordeaux mvura?
Kuti uwane 10 malita e 1% Bordeaux mvura, tora 100 g yemhangura sulfate uye 100-120 g ye quicklime. Copper sulphate inotanga kudira 1 litre yemvura inopisa uye inomhanyisa, uye ipapo nemvura inotonhorera ino inopa mhinduro yehuwandu hwe 5 litita. Mune imwe mudziyo, 1 litre yemvura inopisa, chenesa marimu uye unounza ivhu rayo kusvika mairi mashanu nemvura inotonhora. Uyezve, mushure mokunge makanyatsogadzirisa zvinogadziriswa zvingagona, zvishoma nezvishoma, muchikurudzira, nguva dzose, kudira vitriol mudimu uye, zvakare zvakare kuchanganisa zvinhu zvose zvakanaka, chengetedza musanganiswa wekusangana kwemhangura. Kana iripo, tsvairai mukaka wemuyo. Nenzira yakawanda, ichi chikamu chinofanira kugadzirirwa chetatu kupfuura mhangura sulfate. Rega mishonga ive shoma shoma pane iyo yaidiwa, kupfuura mashizha achapisa. Kugadzirira 3% Bordeaux mvura yehumwechete, unofanira kutora 300 g emhangura sulphate, 350-450 g yearimu, 10 malita emvura uye dzokorora matanho ari pamusoro apa.
Kushandisa Bordeaux mvura
Iyo fungicide yakagadzirirwa sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa inowanzoshandiswa pakushandisa michero yemichero nemashizha kubva kune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvefungal. Kugadzira Bordeaux apula, pear, mazambiringa, currant, gooseberry nemimwe michero ichavaponesa kubva pakakona, powdery mildew, phytophthora, ring ring uye zvimwe zvakashata. Tanga kupera kubva mangwanani ekupedzisira, kusvikira maruva atanga. Munguva yekurima uye fruiting, kurapwa kunomiswa uye kuvandudzwa kumavira kwaAgust - kutanga kweSeptember mushure mekukohwa. Iye zvino unoona kuti kuziva kubika uye kushandisa Bordeaux mvura ndeye kuponesa kwepadheni yako.