Mercury ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinotyisa kune hutano hwevanhu. Asi, zvisinei, uhu uhwu huripo mumisha yose. Mwenje inoponesa magetsi, mercury thermometers, mercury-based paints zvinhu zvinowanzoitwa mumba. Kuwanda kwemvura yakasvibirira mu thermometers nemarambi zviduku, asi zvakakwana kuti zvishoma nezvishoma zvinouraya zvechimiro kana zvikakanganisika kune girasi gorosi capsule.
Zviratidzo zve mercury vapor poisoning
Mishonga pachayo, yakasvibiswa munzvimbo yakakurumbira haina ngozi. Kana iyo mercury inoderedza nzvimbo yakakura, inogona kukurumidza kuunganidzwa uye yakaiswa mumudziyo wakavharwa. Muchiitiko ichi, mercury poisoning inoderedzwa. Asi kunyange mabhola maduku e mercury, "akavanzwa" munzvimbo inenge isingazivikanwi (kuputika kwepakati, kateputi pasi), kubuda, kwenguva yakareba kunogona kutyisa avo vanofema mweya wakaipa. Mercury vapor inewo inotyisa pamakemikari yevashandi mumasangano apo mitemo yezvokuchengetedza isingateereri. Pakati pezviratidzo zvehutu hunouraya ne mercury vapor zvinowanikwa:
- intense headache;
- tsvina yesimbi mumuromo;
- indigestion disorder;
- kushungurudza uye kurutsa;
- kubuda ropa;
- kurwadziwa kana kuchimedza;
- kuwedzera muwandu hwematehwe akabudiswa;
- kugara uchikanganiswa;
- kupfupika kwemhepo;
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- chills;
- kushaya simba nekutsumwa;
- kukanganwa kwepfungwa;
- tremble.
Zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidzira zvose panguva imwechete muzvinonetsa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma chimwe nechimwe. Vanowedzera nekuwedzera mumakisi e mercury mumuviri.
Mercury chepfuing - kurapa
Kurapa kwehupfu hunopera kusvika pakukurumidza uye kwakakwana kubviswa kwe mercury nemashizha ayo kubva mumuviri, pamwe nekuderedza mamiriro ose ehurwere kuburikidza nekubvisa zviratidzo uye kubvisa migumisiro yehupfu. Hazvidi kuti uite izvi iwe pachako usina mushonga. Kunyange nemishonga inodiwa, kurapwa kunofanira kuitwa muchipatara. Kuedza kurarama nehupfu hwemusha kunotora nguva inokosha, kunowedzera kusvibiswa kwehupombwe kune nhengo dzose dzevanhu uye zvirongwa, zvichiita kuwedzera mamiriro ekurapa. Kurapa muchipatara iko kushandisa mishonga yemanhasi inobvisa mercury kubva mumuviri:
- unitiol;
- taurine;
- succimer;
- methionine;
- allylamine.
Vanachiremba vanosarudza zvinodhaka maererano nehuwandu hwehupfu, kushivirira kwehupenyu kune zvimwe zvinhu, pamwe nekuoma kwezviratidzo. Kana kuiswa kwe mercury kana marashi ayo kwaitika, rubatsiro rwekutanga muhupfu hwe mercury riri kuchenesa muviri wezvasara zvezvinhu zvakamedza. Nokudaro zvakakosha kukurudzira kurutsa uye kurindira kuuya kwekukurumidza rubatsiro rwemishonga.
Migumisiro ye mercury chepfu
Iyo yakareba kubudiswa kwemhepo kana marashi e mercury kumutumbi, uyewo kunyanya kuipa mamiriro ehutano hwevanhu, zvakanyanya kukanganisa migumisiro ye mercury poisoning. Bhuku iri rine ngozi rine vana nevakadzi vane pamuviri. Nguva yakareba inhalation kunyange kunyange maduku maduku e mercury vapor anotanga zvirongwa zvisingaverengeki mukati meropa, itsvo, nhengo dzekudya uye nheyo yepamusoro yenheyo. Mercury, iyo iri mumuviri, pachayo haina kubva pane iyo. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvinowedzera, zvinogona kutungamirira kusina kukwana kwe nhengo dzinokosha uye, sechiguma, kune chinotyisa.
Kudzivirira kwe mercury poisoning
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mukudzivirira uturu hwe mercury nemapapiro ayo ndiko kuderera mukana wekubatana nezvinhu zvinokuvadza:
- Zvinhu zvemhuri zvine mercury hazvifaniri kuwira mumaoko evana.
- Mhepo inonzi thermometer inofanira kuchengetwa mumapurasitiki chaiwo, zvichidzivirira kupisa kwe mercury muitiko apo thermometer inokuvara.
- Spoiled lamps, thermometers dzinofanira kunge dzakaputirwa mufirimu yema polyethylene uye dzinotumirwa kunzvimbo dzinoshandiswa zvakare.
- Usakanda zvinhu zvine mercury munzvimbo dzekusanganiswa kwemarara.
- Pamakemikari zvinomera zvinoshandisa mercury yakachena kana mumhando yemashira, chengetedza zvose zvinodzivirirwa. Imwe midziyo inonyanya kudzivirira pane mupfuri uye zvipfeko zvakakosha.
- Kubva pakamuri umo mercury yakasvibiswa, vana nevakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanira kunge vasiri voga. Shingairira kuunganidza mvura yesimbi (demercurization) zviri nani kupa vanyori.