Jerusarema artichoke - kukura, zvinhu zvevhu pear

Dyara artichoke Jerusarema inobatsira uye isinganzwisisiki pane dacha, kukura kwehama iyi "tuberous" yezuva rinotora nguva yakawanda uye inobatsira kuwana kudya kunonaka kune kudya kwezuva nezuva. Ivhu revhu rinoshandiswa nehutano hahupasi kune mbatata, asi rine maitiro akanaka ekurapa uye zvekudya.

Jerusarema artichoke rinoratidzika sei?

VaIndia vokuBrazil vemudzinza reTupinamoas ndivo vakatanga kutanga vaudza tsika iyi yekudya kuvaEurope. Vapoloni vakakurumidza kuona kukosha kwekuwana uye vakaparadzira kupararira kwepasi pear pasi rose. Iti Jerusarema artichoke plant yakakodzera kukura pane fodya, iyo tuber inogona kudyiwa. Nekupararira kwemazambatata, kupararira kwaro kwakaderera zvikuru, asi nekuda kwekukwira kwechando kupikisa pasi pear inokura zvakasununguka pamakondinendi ose musango.

Ikoko kune mutsvuku, tsvuku, machena uye kunyange mutsvuku mizimi-yezvibereko zveJerusarema artichoke, yakafanana muchimiro che ginger rootlets. Kunakidza kunomiririra ivo vanomiririra chimwe chinhu chiri pakati pe turnips, asparagus, artichoke kana kabichi cob, yakakosha yekugadzira chikafu chezvokudya zvinofadza. Chikamu chepamusoro-chevhu chechirimwa chakafanana nehutambo hwezuva, iyo inowirirana zvikuru. Izvo zvinogadziriswa zvakaputirwa nevilli villi, kureba kunosvika pakukura 3 m, maruva earamondi anoita kumusoro.

Nzvimbo yepasi rose ndiyo Jerusarema artichoke, kukura kwemavara mashizha kunopa silage, haylage, pamwe chete fodder. Kubva kune tubers kuita saladi, ndiro yakagadzirwa uye yakabikwa, zvokudya zvekakani. Mitsara inonamatwa nemaruva, nguruve, makwai nemombe, dzinomutsa mukaka zvakanaka uye dzinowedzera hupenyu hwazvo. Kushandiswa kweJerusarema artichoke kunoderedza dambudziko rekurwadziwa kwemwoyo, munyu unoisa, kushaya ropa, uye kuderedza asidi. Chibereko chemuti wacho chinokurudzirwa zvakasimba sechimwe chinhu chinobatsira pakuwedzera chirwere cheshuga.

Jerusarema artichoke - marudzi

Kusiyanisa mhando yemiti yekudyara, kuumba hukuru hwakawanda, asi midzi midzi yeArtichoke yeJerusarema, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa kwekudya nekuwedzera kwezvibereko zve tubers. Kune mitsva yekutanga uye yekupedzisira, dzimwe mhando dzinobereka kwete pamberi peNovember uye hadzina kukodzera kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze. Parizvino, zvinodarika mazana matatu ma hybrids uye minda zvechi tsika zvinokura. Zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvekushongedza, izvo zvakagamuchira kuparidzirwa kuduku munharaunda yedu, zvinobudiswa kunze.

Mhando dzakanakisisa dzeJerusarema artichoke yekukura:

1. Leningrad - nguva yakatarisa, asi machena machirwe machena anogona kubhurwa zvakakwana muNorth-West yeRussia, yakakodzera zvakachengetedzwa kwechando.
2. Omsk machena - yakasvibirira-yakasiyana-siyana, iyo yakakura inokura kupfuura 2 m, midzi midzi inomirira pakuyera kusvika pa5-55 g.
3. Skorospelka - inoumba mutsvuku machena machena ehutano hwakanaka, kuibva kwezvirimwa kare, inopesana mukukura kwechando.
4. Vulgothsky - midzi yemidzi yemiti yacho yakatsvuka, yakareba, zvibereko - kupfuura 100c / ha. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zveArtichoke Jerusarema zvinogona kukura muNorth-West neNorth of Russia.
5. Kufarira - zvakasiyana-siyana zvichakumbira kune vatsva vanodyara muti mumamiriro okunze anopisa. Izvo zvinokonzerwa neArtichoke Jerusarema zvine simba, zvinogadzirisa, zvinobereka nekunonoka nguva yekuibva.
6. Sunny - kuchera kwenguva refu, tubers inokura kusvika 60g, tsvina ine simba. Zvakanaka varietal Jerusalem artichoke, kukura pamitikiti kunogoneka munzvimbo dzakawanda.
7. Pasko - kucheka-nguva, yakasvibira kumusoro, inoumba panguva yekurimisa midzi yepamusoro pomuzungu wepepuru kusvika 80 g.
8. Iko kuwana kunonoka, kubvuma, kwakakodzera kumaodzanyemba.
9. Nhau VIR - chibereko chemapuranga evhu kusvika 35t / ha, artichoke yeJerusarema inogona kukura magetsi.
10. Volzhsky 2 - maitiro anoita mapear, akachena nepepuru mavara, asingakwanisi kupisa, anobereka kusvika 200t / ha.

Ungadyara sei Jerusarema artichoke?

Jerusarema artichoke inokura segore rega kana semakore akawanda emunyika mune imwe nzvimbo yakasarudzwa. Pamapurazi vanosarudza chisarudzo chokutanga, asi kune kottage chero nzira dzinogona kuitika zvichienderana nechinangwa icho murimuri wezvirimwa akazvigadzirira ivo pachavo. Chisarudzo chakanakisisa chevhu kune pear yevhu ne pH 6.0-7.7, muti uyu unokura zvakanaka pachiedza. Kudyara artichoke Jerusarema kunofadza pazuva pamabhedha kana mumumvuri. Iwe unogona kukura perennials pamucheto we dacha, uye kutora nzvimbo pamwe chete nefambo yake.

Kudyara tuba Jerusarema artichoke

Mukusarudza nzira yekudyara Jerusarema artichoke, chisarudzo chakarurama uye kurapwa kwevatachiza kune basa rinokosha. Tora muvhareji muhukuru pamwe nehuku yezai midzi uye yakasanganiswa mune mhinduro yemanganese mutsvuku. Mukuwedzera, zvinokwanisika kushandura tubers muZircon stimulator, kuwedzera kukura nekukurumidza kukura kwekukura. Mumiganhu iyo yakaiswa mumasendimita makumi matatu, yakakura pamwe nemakiromita pakati pemitsara - kusvika pamasendimita makumi matatu, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Kubva kwekudyara pevhu yevhu ndeye 12-15 cm.Kana iyo artichoke yeJerusarema yakaoma vasati vadyara, yakasvibiswa nekuiisa mumvura.

Jerusarema artichoke - kudyara mbeu

Kuwedzera kwezvibereko zvechimiro ichi nevanoshushikana hazviwanzoshandiswa mukurima, zvakakosha kubereka zvitsva zvitsva paunenge uchitenga mashoko nemeseji. Zvinotarisirwa kumirira kwemakore mashomanana kuwana chibereko chakazara chevhu yevhu nenzira iyi. Jerusarema artichoke paunodyara uye mbeu dzekuyamwisa mugore rokutanga zviri nani kukura mumakungwa, nokuti muzhizha iwe uchawana zvishoma zvishoma kana mashizha. Muchirimo tinogadzira midzi miduku duku uye tinoiisa muvhu.

Jerusarema artichoke - kudyara nguva

Munguva yekudyara kwevhu, basa rinoitwa kwemavhiki mashomanana kusati kwasvika kwechando chakaoma frosts. Mushure mekunge maisa tuber mumugero, pasi rakasimbiswa ne rakes. Kudyara Jerusarema Artichoke muchechi munguva inopindirana nekudyarwa kwezembatata, munzvimbo dzakawanda inotanga kubudiswa kubva pakupera kwaApril mushure mekupisa kwevhu, kutungamirirwa nemamiriro ekunze.

Jerusarema artichoke - kutarisirwa nekurima

Tiri kutarisana nezvirimwa zvakaoma zvikuru zvinokura munzvimbo dzakawanda kunyange semhando yemasora, asi asiya asina hanya nemiti inoumba midzi midzi midzi isina zvinhu zvekukosha. Mumubvunzo wekukura kweJerusarema artichoke muvhu rakazaruka, zvakakosha kuzadzika nhamba dzezvimwe zvemasimboti zvinobatsira kuwana zvakagadziriswa zvibereko zvepasi zvinonaka pears.

Nzira yekukura sei Jerusarema artichoke:

1. Mushure mokudyara tinosunungura ivhu, tinobvisa uswa hwakaoma pamubhedha.
2. Mbeu dzinobuda mushure mavhiki maviri.
3. Kutanga kwokutanga kwebwenzi kunoumbwa nenguva iyo mashizha anosvika pakakwirira ye 0.4-0.5 m.
4. Zvitsva zvakakura nematemu e 1 m uye pamusoro pazvo zvinodikanwa kusungira kune tambo kana zvigadzirwa zvehuni.
5. Tinokura mabhasi sezvavanokura.
6. Kudzika maruva kunobatsira mukukura kuti uve nezvibereko zviri nani zvevhu.
7. Tinodiridza Jerusarema artichokes nemaminerari kana mazvigadzirwa zvehupenyu.
8. Tinokohwa michero muvhiri kusvikira chisvini kana chitubu.
9. Zvinokwanisika kubvisa chikamu chemubhedha wekukohwa kwekuchera, nekuchera chibage chikuru nekuuya kwekupisa, muvhu, midzi inotonhorera zviri nani. Muchiitiko ichi, haugone kupotsa mashoko ebasa, zvisinei kuti tubers ichapfura uye icharasikirwa noutano.

Pasi rinotarira Jerusarema artichoke - kunwisa

Mumwaka wekunaya Jerusarema artichoke haina kunyatsodzivirira uye haifaniri kunwisa. Mukusanaya kwemvura, apo kupisa kwakasimba kunogadziriswa kwemavhiki mashomanana, zvinobvira kubatsira michero, ichidira kusvika 15 litita emvura pasi pegwenzi rimwe nerimwe. Inoshandiswa mukurima kwekusasa kana nzira yekudonha kunwisa. Tinoshandisa mvura nekupisa kwe 15 ° C kusvika 18 ° C, tichikura Jerusarema artichoke mvura inomuka mangwanani kana manheru ane nguva yevhiki mbiri.

Iti Jerusarema artichoke plant - top dressing

Mafuro emapuranga evhu anogona kudyiwa nehuni yehuni pamwe nekuverengwa kusvika ku 300 g yezvisikwa pa 1 m ² yevhu, seimwe nzira, mineral potassium fertilizer yakakodzera. Mukugadzirisa dambudziko racho, kukura kweJerusarema artichoke munyika, haugoni kuita pasina nitrogen uye microfertilizers. Izvi zvinhu nenzira yemvura yakawanda inowedzerwa pane yechipiri kufutisa munguva yekusvitsa. Mushure mekupera kwekuvhura, ivhu rinosanganiswa ne nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium makumi (10 g / m ² ), zvinokwanisika kushandisa mushonga wakagadzirwa zvakanaka pamibhedha.

Nzira yekuparadzira artichoke?

Kutenga tuber yezvitsva zvitsva, isu hatiwanzove nemari yakakodzera yekudyara zvinhu, saka artichoke yeJerusarema inokura nekuparadzanisa midzi yezvibereko muzvikamu. Kuita mapuranga evhu ane maziso akanaka, unogona kuwana mbeu dzakakwana. Zvakakosha kusiya nhanho mbiri dzekukura muzvikamu zveArtichoke Jerusarema. Iyi nzira inokodzera kusimwa kwechinyakare, mumotokari haina kunyorerwa kuparadzanisa tuber.

Pasi peariti artichoke - zvirwere nezvirwere

Dzimwe nguva kune zvirwere zvezvirwere paJerusarema artichoke, sei kukura muchero mumakore asina kunaka?

1. Sclerotiniosis infects stems, zvichiita kuti kuonekwa kwechivara chakachena. Zvinotyisa zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvipise, nekudyara kushandura "Immunocytophyte".
2. Kuchema kwemashizha uye kuonekwa kwemavara machena kunokonzera alternaria, kurapa kwemibhedha nemafungicides kunobatsira kudzivirira chirwere - Topaz, Bayleton, Skor, Topsin.
3. Medvedku , scoop , May beetle, zvimwe zvipembenene panguva yekurimwa zvinoparadzwa nemagadzirirwo emagetsi - Boverin, Anti-Medvedka, RembeK.