Ichi chinyorwa chinozvipira kune kuongororwa kweimwe yezvirwere zvakakomba - leukemia. Tichakuudza kuti nei vana vachitambura neukemia, kurondedzera zvinhu zvemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvirwere (acute lymphoblastic uye myeloblastic, chisingarapiki reukemia), kurondedzera zviratidzo zvokutanga zvechirwere ichi, zvichipa mukana wokucherechedza kukura kweukwemia mukati mekutanga.
Zviratidzo zvehutachiwana muvana
Leukemia (leukemia) inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, yekutanga zviratidzo zvinowanikwa pamusana pemwedzi miviri mushure mokutanga kwechirwere. Ichokwadi, nekuchengetedzwa kwakakwana, zvinokwanisika kuziva mavambo ekutanga, ekugadziriswa kwekemukemia, ayo anozviratidza pachake mukuchinja mumararamiro emwana. Kune mhere-mhere nguva dzose yekuneta uye kushaya simba, mwana akashaya kufarira mumitambo, kukurukurirana nevezera uye zvidzidzo, kuda kwemoyo kunopera. Nemhaka yekushaya simba kwomuviri panguva yekutanga kweukwepa, zvirwere zvinowedzera, uye kutonhora kwemuviri kunowanzobuda. Kana vabereki vachibhadhara zvakakodzera "zviratidzo zvisinganyanyi" uye mwana anopa ropa kuongorori rerabhoreti, saka vanachiremba kazhinji vanowanzove vawana zvimwe zviratidzo zvisingaratidzi kuti zvimwe chirwere chinokonzerwa neukemia, asi chinoita kuti vakangwarire uye varambe vachicherechedza.
Gare gare zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinooneka:
- kunorwadza nguva dzose mumutsana nemakumbo (nechinangwa chekutambudzika nguva nenguva kuchinja nzvimbo). Kazhinji, kurwadziwa kwakadaro kunokanganisa chirwere cheparyarthritis kana migumisiro yekukuvara;
- kukura kwechiropa kukura;
- kureba kweganda;
- kuwedzera kwehukuru hwe lymph nodes uye pancreas;
- kazhinji kupwanya.
Nenguva iyo zviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvinokwanisika kuongororwa neukemia nemigumisiro yeropa rekuedzwa. Ropa rekuyeresa rinoratidza huwandu hweplatelets, erythrocytes, dhesi ye hemoglobin uye kuwedzera kweEER. Nhamba yeeukocyte muropa mune houkemia inogona kunge yakasiyana-siyana - kubva pasi kusvikira kune yakakwirira (izvi zvose zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekuputika kwakapinda muropa kubva mumuti wemafuta). Kana kuongororwa kwemaoretoriki kunoratidza kuvepo kwemiviri inoputika - ichi chiratidzo chinonyatsojeka chemaukemia (zvakajairika kuputika masero muropa hakufaniri kuva).
Kuti ujekese kuongororwa, vanachiremba vanosarudza mapfupa emapfupa, izvo zvinokubvumira kuti uone maitiro ekufema masero epafupa uye kuti aone maitiro emagetsi. Pasina kuvhara, hazvibviri kutsanangura mararamiro eukemia, kurongedza kurapa kwakakwana uye kutaura pamusoro pezvimwe zvifanotaurwa kune murwere.
Leukemia: zvinokonzera kukura muvana
Leukemia chirwere chehurongwa cheropa uye hemopoiesis. Pakutanga, chirwere chinokonzerwa neukemia chinonzi tumor tumor bone inokura mairi. Gare gare, masero emarara anopararira mberi kwepfupa, asingagadziri ropa chete uye nheyo huru, asiwo dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri womunhu. Leukemia yakaoma uye isingagumi, asi maitiro echirwere ichi haasi akasiyana nehuwandu hwekuyerera, asi nehutano uye kuumbwa kwechirwere chemuviri.
Mumuviri wakakura mukati mevana, marora emapfupa anokanganiswa nekufa kwemasero masero. Misiyano pakati peAucute leukemia ndeyekuti zvakaipa zvinogadzirwa zvinosanganisira kuputika masero. Mune chirwere chisingaperi chinokonzerwa neukemia muvana, zvinyorwa zvinosanganisira masero anokura uye anokura.
Sezvatotaurwa, chirwere chinonzi leukemia chirwere chetsika. Zvidzidzo zvehutachiona zvinokonzerwa neukemia zvinoratidza kuti masero akawanda anowanzotora geni. Izvi zvinoreva kuti dzinokura kubva kune imwe sero, umo mune kuchinja kwechirwere. Acute lymphoblastic uye achirwere myeloblastic leukemia muvana -
Nhamba yepamusoro nenhamba yezviitiko zvekurwara kwezera: 2-5 uye 10-13. Chirwere ichi chinowanzoshamisa kune vakomana kupfuura vasikana.
Kusvika iye zvino, izvo zvinokonzera kukonzerwa neukemia hazvina kugadziriswa. Pakati pezvikonzero zvinokonzera kutanga kwechirwere, kusakanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza (kusanganisira kukanganisa kwemakemikari), zvirwere zveoncogenic (Burkitt's lymphoma virus), zvinokonzerwa nemirasi yemainoni, nezvimwewo. Zvose izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kuchinja chemasero chinosangana ne hematopoietic system.