Chero ani zvake anoda kuzvinzwisisa zvinorapwa nemapulistologist, anofanirwa kuziva ruzivo rwechiremba uyu - chirwere chemunhu chinopfurikidza nekufema, uye kunyanya zvakanyanya - zvirwere zvemuzasi wepumusoro. Chido chekupa iyo yakanyatsoshandiswa yakasimuka nekuda kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvirwere zveporofita iyi.
Pulmonologist - ndiani uyu uye chii chinoporesa?
Kupisa ndiko kunonyanya kukosha kunopa oxygen mumuviri. Mamiriyoni emaminiti ekumira kufema nemhaka yekuputika, kunyura kwemapapu kana kukuvadza pasina rubatsiro runokurumidza rwechiremba rinouraya. Kunyange kuderera kwehuwandu hwekupinda okisijeni nekuda kwekuvhiringidza kana utachiona kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru muviri. Kana pane zvinetso nekufema, munhu anofanira kubvunza pulmonologist.
Mhinduro kumubvunzo pamusoro pemhando yechiremba chii chinonzi pulmonologist: uyu ndiye nyanzvi mutsva uyo anonyatsoziva mukurapa kwezvirwere zvinowanikwa mumugwagwa wepamusoro. Pachikonzero chechinangwa chechinangwa chakawanikwa nemigumisiro yekutsvakurudza, chiremba wepermonary anofanira kupa chirwere chinotarisa maitiro ehupenyu hwomurwere uye izvo zvinokonzera chirwere ichi:
- kurwisa;
- hereditary pathology;
- kusvuta;
- kutonhora;
- kushungurudza kwebhokisi;
- kushanda mukukuvadza kubudisa;
- hutachiona - mavairasi, mabhakitiriya, fungus, zvipembenene.
Pulmonologist - ndiani uyu?
Unyanzvi hwepulmonologist hunoenderera kune chimiro chemuviri wekupumha, maitiro ekushanda kwavo uye zvinokonzera kukura kwezvirwere. Iyo pulmonologist inyanzvi mune zvirwere:
- bronchi;
- chiedza;
- pleural cavity;
- trachea;
- rhino (apo chiitiko chekuvhiringidza kunovhiringidza zvikamu zvezasi zvekupemha system).
Chii chinobata chiremba chiremba?
Pulmonology ndeimwe yenzira inonyanya kukosha mumishonga, chiremba wepulmonologist anofanira kunge ari muchipatara chega chega, nekuda kwezvakaipa zvezvisikwa, kukura muhuwandu hwehutachiona, hutachiona hwepasi uye zvimwe zvisingaiti, nhamba yevarwere vane zvirwere zvokufema zvinowedzera. Kumubvunzo iyo pulmonologist inobata vana nevakuru, mhinduro dzacho dzichasiyana zvakanyanya, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti nyanzvi isarudze murwere wezera rakakodzera.
Kune varwere vezera remakore chiremba we pulmonologist, uyo iye uye waanoita, haawanzozivikanwi. Kunyange nehutonho hwakaoma, vanachiremba vevana uye otolaryngologists vanobudirira chaizvo. Batsira pulmonologist inotarisirwa kana huwandu hunofuridzirwa hunovhiringidzwa nehutano kana kuti huchifashukira kune chirwere chisingagumi nekuwedzera kwezvirwere zvemuzasi wepumusoro. Kana pane nyanzvi mune chipatara chepachidiki, kubvunzurudza kwake kunokosha pakutsvaga mwana:
- bronchial asthma;
- bronchitis - acute kana chronic;
- pneumonia ;
- kuora kwenguva yakareba kana kusingaperi;
- histiocidosis X - chirwere umo eosinophils uye pathological immune cells inowedzera mumapapu nemapfupa;
- cystic fibrosis - chirwere chechirongwa chekugara nhaka, pamwe chete nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mumapapu.
Muvanhu vakuru, uwandu hwezvinetso zvinotaurirwa kune pulmonologist hwakawanda. Izvi uye zvakatove zvataurwa nezvechirwere chinonzi bronchial, pneumonia, bronchitis, pamwe nezvimwe, zvirwere zvinowanzooma uye zvinotyisa, zvichikura nezera kana nekuda kwehupenyu husina kururama, zvinhu zvinokuvadza mukugadzirwa. Iri haisi rondedzero yakakwana yezvakataurwa nemunhu mukuru wepulmonologist:
- pleurisy - kuvhiringidza kwekuchema kwemasheti kana kuunganidzwa kwekuderera mukati mechiringiro;
- embolia (pulmonary) - kuvharwa kwemapurmonary arteri (thrombus, air bubble, tumor cells, fat particles, zvimwe zvinhu);
- bhenign tumor (hamartoma) - inofananidzwa nemapupa emapapu, asi akasiyana munzvimbo yeropa nemamwe matukisi;
- idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis - kutumira haemosiderin pigment mumapapu;
- hemothorax - kuunganidzwa kweropa mumumvuri wechuru;
- pneumothorax - kuunganidza gasi mumunyoro wecavity;
- kuparara kwepapu - kunopesana nekwakabva kwe thrombosis kana pulmonary embolism;
- pulmonary hypertension - yakawedzera vascular kumirisana mumapapu;
- pulmonary fibrosis - kupararira kwezvibatanidza zvinobatana mumapapu;
- sarcoidosis - kugadzira granulomas mumapapu;
- kupora - kupera kwekufema usiku;
- chronic obstructive chirwere chemapemmoni - kupera kwekufambira mberi kwemhepo inoenda mumhepo;
- kenza yemapapu - yakaipa maitiro mumapapupa;
- chirwere chetachiona chirwere chakakomba chinopararira, umo foci yekuputika inomu mapapu.
Ndinofanira kuenda rini kune pulmonologist?
Kusuruvara kwezvirwere zvinosangana nemhepo yekufema, kunoita kuti munhu wose azive nguva yekuenda kune pulmonologist. Kakawanda, mutapi uyu anotungamirirwa nemushonga, achigadzirisa zvimwe zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvepmonic pathology. Munhu iyeye pachake anogona kukanganisa chirwere cheplmona apo:
- kuora kwenguva yakareba, yakaoma kana ine sputum discharge;
- chifukidziro chinoparadzanisa ropa kana nemuvara usina kukwana we sputum;
- kupera kwekufema panguva yekuedza muviri kana kuti zororo;
- kunetseka kufema kana kuneta;
- kurwadziwa mubhokisi panguva yekufema.
Ndeipi nzira iyo inoshandiswa na pulmonologist?
Murwere, uyo anoenda kuchingwa kwekutanga, kazhinji anoda kuziva kuti kuongorora kuri kuitika sei pane pulmonologist. Hezvino izvo nyanzvi yemapapu inotsvaga:
- Kutanga, chiremba anounganidza an anamnesis uye anoita kuongororwa kwechifukidzo, kuongorora ukuru hwahwo, kuenzanisa nezvimwe zvikamu.
- Zvadaro, iyo pulmonologist inobata mbabvu uye zvinyoro zvinyoro, inoderedza mapapu kuti aone zviratidzo zvemuviri.
- Zvadaro anoteerera mapapu, achizarura ruzha rwemagetsi uye uncharacteristic.
Chii uye sei muchengeti wemapapu anoongorora?
Sezvo ruzivo rwakagamuchira kubva kune murwere uye kuongororwa hakusi nguva dzose kupa chinangwa chechirwere chechirwere, murwere anopiwa zvimwe zvidzidzo. Chii chinonzi pulmonologist chekuongorora pashure pemisheni:
- Kuongororwa kwebhizinesi - kuongorora ropa uye urinho, kuongorora kweanoropi, kuongorora, kuongorora kweputi.
- Migumisiro ye spirometry uye spirography, iyo inobatsira kuongorora huwandu hwemapupa akanganisa akawirwa kubva pakufema.
- Migumisiro yeMRI, ultrasound, echocardiography, radiography, computed tomography nezvimwe nzira.
Pulmonologist's advice
Sezvo kazhinji zvirwere zvakakomba zvepemmona zvinokonzerwa nezvinetso zvebhanho dzemvura kana SARS , mazano anoramba achienderera mberi wepulmonologist:
- Simbisa utachiona.
- Zvishongedze zvakakodzera kwenguva.
- Chengeta mitemo yehutsanana.
- Deredza dzimwe njodzi dzekurwara.
- Kana chirwere chacho chisingagoni kudzivirirwa - usabatanidzwa mukuzvipa-kurapa, shandisa rubatsiro rwechiremba.
Zvirwere zvepemheturi yepamusoro uye kudzivirira kwavo
Zvirwere zvinoputika zvakanyanya zvinokonzera kuremara kana kufa, saka, kuitira kuti urambe uine hutano, zvinokosha kutora matanho ekudzivirira. Kutanga, kubvisa miitiro inokuvadza inogadzirisa kurwisa kwomuviri kune utachiona, uye izvo zvinokuvadza zvinokuvadza, sekusvuta, zvinogona kutungamirira kukura kwekenza yemapapu.