Munyika, pane vanhu vanosvika 1 biliyoni vane chirwere chepamusoro cheropa. Inogona kuva zvose chirwere chekuzvimirira (primary hypertension), uye kuratidzwa kwehutano hwechirwere (yechipiri chekuwedzera kwehutano).
Zvinokonzera kuwedzera kwehutano
Zvirwere zvinotevera zvinogona kukanganisa kuwedzerwa kweropa:
- endocrine;
- renal;
- mutezo system;
- Neurogenic (ine CNS yakaipa).
Zvinokonzerwa nekubuda kwehutano hwepfungwa zvinogona kushanda sezvizvi:
- mararamiro ehupenyu;
- atherosclerosis ;
- doro uye kusvuta;
- kunyanya kunwa munyu;
- genetic predisposition.
Sezvo mutemo, kupikisa pamusoro pe 140/70 mm Hg inonzi inokudzwa. Kuti kuderedze iko kune nhamba yemishonga inopesana nemishonga.
Kurongeka kwezvinodhaka zvinodhaka
Zvose zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvinoparadzaniswa kuita zvina.
Blockers
Ava ndivo vashanduri vanochinja basa remutambo wenheyo. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinodhaka:
- Methyldopa;
- Clopheline;
- Reserpine;
- Octadin.
Mukuwedzera, izvi zvinosanganisira ganglion blockers, alpha-adrenoreceptor blockers uye beta-adrenoreceptor blockers. Migumisiro yemishonga iyi inotarirwa kuderedza basa rekubudisa mwoyo uye muscular tonus, izvo zvinoita kuti kuderedzwa kweropa. Iyo inoshandiswa pakurwisana kudzvinyirirwa kudzvinyirira mumatambudziko ehutachiwana uye injowa mukati-kati kwemaminitsi mashanu kusvika ku6.
Vasodilators
Zvinoreva, kunyanya kuputika kwechiito, chinotarisirwa kuti vasodilation. Izvi ndezvi:
- Apressin;
- Sodium nitroprusside;
- Minoxidil;
- Diazoxide.
Nhengo dzakadaro dzinoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma mwoyo kukundikana nehuwandu hwemhepo.
Diuretics
Iyi mari inorayirwa kuti ichenese muviri weSarti nemvura kuburikidza netsvo. Nekuderedzwa kweodema kunokonzerwa nekuwedzerwa kweropa rega semugumisiro wezvinetso nehutano hwemwoyo, mutoro pamwoyo unoderera. Ivo, uyewo, vakagoverwa kuva mapoka matatu:
- Thiazide (Oxodolin, Saluretin, Hygroton);
- potassium-sparing (Amyloride, Spironolactor, Triamterene);
- loop (Bumetonid, Furosemide, Piretanid, Torasemide, ethacrynic acid).
Iyi mishonga inogona kushandiswa mukugadzirisa kurapwa kunotarirwa kuderedza kushandiswa.
Inosanganiswa nemishonga inopesana nemishonga
Mishonga yakadaro inobata renin-angiotensin system. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- mifananidzo yakagadzirwa nemakwikwi evakwikwidzana e angiotensin II (Saralazine);
- inhibitors yeangiotensin-kuchinja enzyme (Captopril).
Kugadzirira kwechizvarwa chitsva
Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvechizvarwa chitsva zvinosanganiswa kugadziriswa kwekuita kwenguva refu. Vanobatanidza mishonga kubva kumapoka akasiyana mune imwe piritsi. Mishonga yakadaro inotorwa kamwe chete pazuva uye inotakurwa zvakanyanya nyore kupfuura mishonga kwenguva pfupi, iyo inoratidzwa apo kutarisirwa kwekukurumidzira kunopiwa nekuwedzerwa kudzvinyirira. Nhamba yemishonga inopesana nehutachiona hwechizvarwa chitsva yakazadza nemushonga weMoxonidine (physiotherosis). Ichi chemishonga hachisi pasi pemazuva akawanda-akaedzwa kare, asi ane zviduku zvisingabatsiri uye zvakanyatsorambidzwa nemuviri pasina kukonzera kusvuta.
Uyezve, rimwezve chizvarwa chitsva chemishonga chiri kuitika mumakiriniki - Aliskiren - inhibitor yenhain, hormone inoronga kushandiswa kwemvura uye electrolytes mumuviri.
Nekodzero yakagadzwa yakagadzwa neyanyanzvi, hazvisi zvisingabatsiri kutevedzera mamwe mitemo muupenyu hwezuva nezuva:
- Kutungamirira nzira inoshingaira yehupenyu.
- Enda kune imwe.
- Kuderedza kushandiswa kwemunyu nekudya zvinokurumidza.
- Wedzera kune kudya kwako mishonga mitsva uye michero yemwaka.
Inobatsira zvikuru kushandisa:
- chokeberry;
- uchi;
- dill muto;
- strawberries;
- tomato.
Inofanira kurangarirwa kuti kuchengetedza hutano kunounza mufaro uye kuva chimiro chehupenyu.