Beet - kudyara nekutarisira pachena, sei kuwana zvakanaka kukohwa?

Munda wega wega wezvirimwa unofanirwa kukura miriwo inonaka uye ine utano semabhesi, kudyara uye kutarisirwa munzvimbo yakavhara shure kwayo inoitwa uchifunga nezvemimwe mitemo. Miti yacho inodyarwa semumwe wemakore, mizu inokosha haisi yakaderera kusvika kabichi uye karoti. Ichi chirimwa chekurima, icho chinozivikanwa pane dzakawanda makondinendi.

Nzira yekudzikisa sei bheti vasati vadyara?

Makirasi mutsvuku mabhesi ezvitsvuku anodyarwa kubva kumbeu kana kuburikidza nemicheu. Iko inounganidzwa mumagununu, ayo ari muhomwe imwe chete, iyo kubva kusvika kune shanu shandi inogona kupfuura. Kuti ikurumidze kumera, shell inogona kuparadzwa kare. Beet vasati vadyara zvakaderedzwa kwezuva, kuitira kuti mashizha aoneke nokukurumidza. Kuti uite izvi, kuwedzera kukurudzira (somuenzaniso, Epin) kana kuiswa kwehuni ash kunobatsira. Mushure membeu yacho yakashambidzwa nemvura inodziya ndokuiswa pamusoro pejira rinopisa kwezuva kana maviri. Munguva iyi vachazununguka, uye kukura munyika ichapfuura nokukurumidza.

Nzira yekudyara beet muvhu rakavhurika?

Kuti muti wacho ukure beet, kudyara nekutarisira muvhu rakazaruka kunobudiswa mune ivhu rakawandisa, rakasununguka ine zvinyorwa zvisiri izvo kana kuti zvisingatsigiri. Vafambi vakakurumbira vachava eeei, tomato, makomkoro, nyemba. Kudyara kwebhinzi hakuiti mumunda mushure mekuroti, mbatata kana kabichi kwemakore anenge matatu. Nokuti chechi inotyisa inowedzera 20-30 g ye sulfuric acid ammonium, 20 g ammonium nitrate, 15 g ye potassium chloride uye 30-40 g ye superphosphate per 1 m ² . Kuti uwedzere kubereka kwe substrate, 2-3 kg ye humus simple pam m ^{2 inoshandiswa} .

Mbeu yekudyara mbeu yebhanhire muvhu rakazaruka

Ukuru hwemuti hunotsanangurwa nehuwandu hwekudyara - hukuru hukuru pakati pemichero inokura, iyo huru iyo yemichero ichakura (asi iyo yakakura haisi nyore chaizvo kushandisa). Nzira yekudyara beet nembeu musango:

• tora mitsetse, ichienda 4 cm yakadzika nechepamita 20 cm;
• mihororo inogadziriswa, mbeu dzinoiswa mukati mavo pane imwe nguva pakati pezvigwenzi 2-3 cm;
• Mbeu inodururwa pamusoro penyika;
• Haasi chimiro chimwe chete chinokura kubva kumaduleti, kuitira kuti kana majaya mashoma aoneke, achada kuputsika.

Kudyara mbeu yebeet muvhu rakavhurika

Kana iyo beet yakasimwa kumavanga emunharaunda, kudyara nekutarisira munzvimbo yakazaruka kumashure kwayo inobudiswa kuburikidza nemichero. Iyi nzira ichadzivirira kupera kwemangwana yemabhedha uye kuwana chibereko chakawedzerwa kunyanya kwemavhiki maviri kubva panguva yakatarwa. Nzira yekudyara mbeu yebeet muvhu rakavhurika:

• kukura kunomera kuronga mwedzi usati wadyara panzvimbo ino;
• Mbeu dzakanyorova uye dzakadyarwa zvisati zvadyarwa dzakasimwa mumabhosi ane substrate yemuviri, iyo isati yave yakagadzirwa nechephytosporin. Kudzika kwekumhara - 2-3 cm, midziyo yacho inowanikwa pahwindo, rinovhara kubva kune zuva, kana mumagetsi;
• kuchengetedza mbeu kunosanganisa moistening ivhu, kugadzikana kunofamba;
• Dredging the seedlings in the cotyledonous leaf stage, dividing the shoots into separate containers. Kuti urege kuputika, iwe unogona kutanga uaise mumapupa peat. Kana mbeu yacho ichisvika pasina micheka, inofanira kutyorwa;
• mushure mokusvitsa mbesa zviri nani kuvhara ne cellophane kwekutanga kwemazuva maviri kuti zvive zvakanaka;
• apo inomera 2-3 mashizha akakura mumicheu, vanobvumirwa kutamira pasi.

Miti yekudyara beet munzvimbo yakazaruka

Beetroot inonzi thermophilic tsika, hazvina kukodzera kukurumidzira nekudyara kwayo. Ita mbeu mbeu mumwaka wekupedzisira, musi waApril - kutanga kwaMay, apo yaisima bheti muvhu rakazaruka zvakachengeteka. Panguva ino, kupisa kwemazuva kwakasarudzwa kumusoro + 16 ° C, uye ivhu rakadzika kusvika 8-10 masikati rava kutonhora kusvika ku8-10 ° C, izvo zvakakosha pakuzadzwa kwakakwana kwezvirimwa midzi. Kana kudyara kwaitwa kare kare, miriwo inogona kuisa pasi pechando chiduku uye usasunga - muchero muduku unogona kusunungura maruva akareba maruva uye mashizha ane simba.

Mbeu dzinodzivirira muhari, zvakare, hazvina kukodzera, kana zvisingaiti midzi inosvika mumucheto wemudziyo uye inobva yava nechimiro chisina kukodzera. Tungamirirei pasi pasi pakati peMay. Kudyara kwechando chinyorwa kunogona kuitwa muvhuvhuto pakupera kwaOctober. Mushure mekudyara mbeu nenzira yemararamiro, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro nzvimbo yacho inowanikwa ne peat kana humus.

Inguva yakareba sei bhinzi rinokura muvhu rakazaruka?

Pakati pezvikonzero zvinokonzera kukura kwee beet uye kukura kwayo, ipai: kuwedzera kukura kwembeu, unyoro uye kutonhora kwevhu. Kana mbeu yakasimwa yakasimwa, mazaya okutanga anogona kutarisirwa mazuva matatu gare gare. Kana uchidyara nyoro yakaoma, mbeu inodyarwa kwemazuva matanhatu kusvika ku8. Asi izvi zvinotarisirwa kudiridza. Kana kutarisirwa muchirongwa chekuita humidification chisina kuitika, ipapo kuonekwa kwemibukira kunogona kupera kusvika mumazuva 12-15.

Nyuchi inokura muvhu rakavhurika

Kuti zvikure zvikafu zvakakura uye zvinonaka panzvimbo iyi, kudyara nekutarisira muvhu rakazaruka zvinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa kushandura, weeding, kuzviita, kurwisana nemaronda. Kuchengetedza kwakanaka kunobatsira kuunganidza hupfumi hwekukohwa. Nzira yekukurisa bheet muvhura - zvakavanzika:

• Kugadziriswa kwemabhedha mushure mekudiridza uye mvura inopinda mukati ma4-6 cm inotarisirwa kuti kuparadzwa kwepasi, iyo inodzivisa kutengesa mhepo yemidziyo midzi;
• kana yakasviwa neuswa hwakasviba, ipapo uswa, kusunungura uye kuchenesa tsika inenge iine zvishoma;
• kuitira kuti miriwo inonaka uye inotapira, gwenzi rinoshandiswa kakawanda pamusoro pepamusoro pamusoro pemvura inogadziriswa - 1 tbsp pa 10 l wemvura;
• muvhuvhuro, isati yasvika, michero inobviswa. Vanodzingwa kunze, kucheneswa, kubvisa zvigwenga;
• Chengetedza miriwo zviri nani pane 0 ° C - / + 2 °.

Kuchengetedzwa kwebheet kunotsvaga

Unyanzvi hwekuchengetedza bhete muvhu rakavhurika unotarisira kuchengetwa kwakakosha mukukura michina miduku. Masora anotsvaira kumera mashizha mashoma, ayo anokura zvishoma nezvishoma kusvikira mazana 4-5 mashizha akaumbwa. Miti yacho inotambanudza uye inoputira kumashure mukukura apo uswa huchikura. Kuti varwise masora vasati vauya mbeu, mabhedha anokwanisa kurapwa pamwe neatakataaaaaaaaaaaa - 35-50 g pa 1 m ² . Kana ikatanga 2-3 mapaundi emashizha kubva pauswa husingadikanwi, nzvimbo yacho inonyorerwa nemhinduro ye ammonium nitrate - 3 kg pamubhati wemvura.

Nzira yekudiridza sei bheti muvhu rakazaruka?

Tafura beet - unyoro-rudo, kudyara uye kutarisirwa munzvimbo yakazaruka inofunga kuronga kunyorera kwakanaka, zvichifungisisa mamwe mavara. Chibereko chakakosha chezvibereko kune ivhu rakaoma, asi rinogona kubvumira kupererwa kwemvura kwenguva refu. Unven moisturizing inotungamirira pakuumbwa kwezvibereko zvisina kufanana zvakagadzirwa, pasina kutapira kwakanaka. Kudiridza kwakawanda kwevhu rakaoma kunokonzera kupera kwemiriwo. Constant waterlogging yakasimba inotungamirira pakuparadzwa kwezvirimwa nezvipembenene nekukuvadza kune mbeu. Beet kunwisa kunze:

• moisten mutsika kana nzvimbo yakakwirira yevhu ichioma;
• nokuda kwegore iyo miriwo inodirirwa anenge 3-4 nguva, inoshandisa 2-3 matangi emvura pa 1 m ² ;
• kunyorera kunoitwa nenzira yekusasa, kuitira kuti uvandudze mashizha emuti, mangwanani kana manheru;
• kana nzvimbo yacho isina mbhedha , mushure mekudiridza ivhu rakasunungurwa zuva raitevera;
• kwehafu ye mwedzi isati yagadzirirwa kukohwa, kukonzera kunomiswa, iyo inofadza kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuga muchero uye inovandudza kuchengeteka kwavo.

Beet decimation muvhu rakavhurika

Beet chimiro nekukura kwezvirimwa kuputika, kubva kune imwe mbeu, huwandu hushoma huri kukura zvakanyanya. Nzira yekukurisa beet musango - thinning:

1. Nenguva yekutanga mashizha anoputika apo maviri epakutanga emashizha anooneka. Mafungiro akasara ari kure ne 3-4 cm. Zvimwe zvinomera zvinotamirwa kune imwe nzvimbo - panguva ino.
2. Kubudirira kwechipiri kunoitwa apo michero miduku ichisimbiswa uye midzi yacho inowana uswa hwe 1.5 cm - siya imwe mbeu ye 6-10 cm. Izvi zvinotarisirwa kuti zvive miriwo yakakura-kwete duku uye kwete huru.
3. Iyo nzira inonyanya kuitwa mushure mekudiridza kana mvura pane zuva rine makore.

Top dressing of beetroot

Kuti zvikure tafura yakaisvonaka yebheketi pamibhedha, kudyara nekutarisira muvhu rakavhurwa rinogadzirisa kupfeka kwehupenyu. Kubva mumaminerari emiti muzvibereko zvinogona kuita voids. Zvichemo zvebhinzi rinokura: pamusoro kupfeka:

1. Mushure mekutanga kwekunyepa, simiti inoda simba kusimbisa rosettes. Kuti uite izvi, pakutanga kwekukura kwayo, nitrogen fertilizer inofanirwa: sarudzo yeiyo inowanzosvetwa nyoka 1:10 kana Mullein 1: 8 - 12 malita ehutta pa 1 m ² . Inowanikwa mu grooves yakaitwa nechokuita kure nemamita mashanu kubva kumahombekombe. Kana chibereko chikava chiyero chehuni, iyo nitrogen mairi inowanzove yakafanana nenzira ye nitrates.
2. Apo zvikwiriso pazvinomera zvichavhara, unoda kuita potash feeds: kuparadzira huni hwehuni (1 st pa 1.5 m ² ) uye mvura padhi.
3. Boron chinhu chinokosha chezvibereko. Nekushaikwa kwayo, midzi midzi yakafukidzwa nemaruva mavara. Muzhizha, mumamiriro ekunze ane mvura, mvura inosaswa ne-boric acid inononoka - 5 g pa 10 malita emvura.

Zvirwere nezvirwere zvebheet

Utano hwakanaka mashizha ane nzvimbo yakajeka isina mahwendefa. Chimiro chekushaya unhuracteristic fungal zviratidzo, chena, gorofu, rima rinoparadza, ruvara, ruvara rwebhuruu rinoratidza marwere eheet. Chimiro chinogona kuchinja powdery mildew , phorosis, ruvara kana ruvhu runo. Nzira yakanakisisa ndeyokubata mashizha nemafuta-fungicidal - Phytosporin kana Bordeaux kusanganiswa pamusana we1%.

Nezvipembenene, vashandi vemazhizha anowanzoshungurudzwa ne beetroot nzizi, hove, fleas, shchitovidki, scoops. Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kubva kune dzakasuruvara ichave yakarongeka weeding yemitsetse, yakadzika yakavhara. Kana mafivha aripo, kuibvisa iyo ichabatsira mhinduro yeiiii, madhiraki Iskra . Nhunzi dzinogona kubviswa neCarbophos, uye fleas dzinopera mushure mekudiridza kwemafuro ari pamusoro apa nehutu hwekudzivirira. Ne scoops, bhakitiriya 1% sarudzo ye bitoxybacillin kana 0.5% ye homelin ichabatsira. Kushandiswa kwevanhu vanodzokorora Shining naBaikal kunowedzera kusachengetedzwa kwezvirimwa kune zvipembenene.