Nhoroondo yekurima orchids ine makore anopfuura chiuru, asi yakazozivikanwa kuEurope makore mazana maviri akapfuura. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, uhu hwakanaka huri kurega kuvepo uye pane mahwindo edu. Kuita zvekugadzikana kwepanyama kunonzwa wakasununguka, unoda kunyatsotarisirwa uye kutarisirwa, kusanganisira nguva yekushandurwa kwemaruva orchids.
Orchid - kuchera uye kutarisira kumba
Nekuti orchid isasvike mumamiriro ezvinhu edzimba, inoda kugadzira nzvimbo yakaswedera pedyo nekukwanisa kunzvimbo yayo yekugara:
- Lighting. Mazuva ekupenya kwezuva anoita kuti kupisa pamashizha, uye kusasha kwechiedza kunokonzera kutambanudza kwavo nekushaiwa kwemaruva. Chinhu chakanaka chakanaka - chinoparadzisa chiedza chemaawa 10-12 pazuva.
- Kusviba uye kunwa doro. Orchids inoda hunyoro hwakawanda, usabvumira kuwedzera kwayo. Mvura inofanira kushandiswa sezvo substrate inoderera, kuitira kuti mvura isaputike muhari (1 nguva yese mazuva maviri muzhizha uye kamwe mumazuva manomwe muchando). Nokuti kudiridza vanoshandisa mvura inonyorera (yakamira kana yakabikwa) yakawanda madigiri anodziya kupfuura inenge yakadziya.
- Kupisa. Maererano nehurumende yekutonhora, orchids ndeyemhando mitatu: kutonhora, rudo-kati-kutonhora, thermophilic. Zvese dzinokura zvakanaka pamadziro ekupisa kubva ku +18 kusvika ku27 ° C masikati uye kubva pa13 kusvika ku24 ° C. Nokuda kwemaruva, musiyano pakati peusiku nekupisa masikati ndeye 5-7 ° C.
- Mweya wakafema. Kupa mhepo inobatsira inobatsira substrate pamusana pebark yemiti coniferous kana kokonati coir. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvikamu zvinowedzera kubva mumvura uye kupera kwayo kunopera. Nokudaro, kuiswa maruva orchid kunotora nguva dzose makore maviri kusvika kune maviri.
Orchid transplantation inoitwa sezvinotevera:
- Miti yacho inotanga kunwa mvura, uye inonyatsobudiswa kubva muhari pamwe ne substrate lump.
- Miti yakashambwa ne substrate, bvisa maitiro ose akaora nebhokisi rakapinza.
- Ngwarira gadzirisa midzi iri pasi pemvura inodziya, yakaoma, inosvina zvidimbu nemarara akaoma.
- Simbisa orchid mune yakagadzirwa (disinfected uye necheriri remvura pasi) pfu uye nekunyatsodira pasi substrate, kuve nechokwadi chokuti mudzi weutsi hauvigwa.
Chii chinofanira kunge chiri mapeti emasitadhi?
Mune mhando dzakawanda dze orchids, kushandiswa kwe-photosynthesis hakusi kungoitika munharaunda yemhepo, asiwo mumidzi. Zvirongo zvisina kujeka zvearchiki hazvisi muumbi wegadziri, iyo inokosha inokosha yehutano uye hupenyu hwakakwana hwezvirimwa izvi. Mukuwedzera pakupa kusagadzikana kwekusvikirwa kwezuva, chigadziko chekukura an orchid inofanira kuva nemakomba emvura ekudonha mhepo yakanyanyisa, kugadzikana uye kuchengetedza kusununguka kusununguka kwemidzi.
Kusarudza pikodzero yakakodzera yekushambadza orchid, zvinonzwisisika kupa zvido zvepurasitiki. Havana kukwezva chete demo democracy, asi zvakare kuti, kana zvichifanira, zviri nyore kuita mamwe mabhudzi ekudonha mvura mumapurasitiki kana kutema mubhodhoro nemiseve kuitira kuti midzi ikure pasina kukuvadza kana kuwedzerwa maoriki. Asi zvikorezi zvegirasi, kunyange zvazvo zvichifamba zvakanaka, zvinokonzera kupera kwemvura uye kuora kwemidzi.
Mvura yakasvibirira
Mucherechedzo wemitemo yemhando ipi neipi ye orchids zvakasiyana hazviregi kurarama kwemvura. Kuita kuti zviratidzo zvisingabvumirwi zvemvura uye mhepo kusvika kune zvakadzika mumudziyo umo inoshandiswa orchid kuiswa, mvura inoshandiswa yakaiswa: zviputi kubva pamadziro evhu, hupamhi hwehuvhu hwakawedzerwa. Nheyo yekudonhera yakafukidzwa nehupamhi hwegome uye chete midzi yemiti inowanikwa muhari.
Orchid - nzvimbo yekupemha
Kubudirira kwechirasi kana kubudirira hakugoneki kunze kwekuzadzwa kwakakwana kwehari. Kusarudza ivhu ripi raunoshandisa kana kuisa muchero orchid, zvakakosha kupa kupa majekiti akagadzirirwa akagadzirirwa kana kugadzirira kuzadza iwe pachako kubva pamiti yemiti, zvichida kubva pamiti yemikiritsi. Kudzivirira zvipembenene kupinda muimba, inofanira kupiswa muchoto isati yashandiswa. Mushure meizvozvo, bark iri rakanyoroveswa mumvura inoshandiswa yemasikini kwemaawa mashanu kusvika maawa matanhatu, uye zvino inosanganiswa ne peat uye moss.
Orchid transplantation panguva yekuyerera
Miriro inoda kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwezvibereko kubva kune chimwe chirimwa. Nokudaro, kuiswa kwekukura kuri orchid kunogona kutungamirira kurufu rwayo-ruvara rusina simba haruna simba rokudzoka. Kudzokera kunzvimbo itsva yekugara panguva iyi hazvikurudzirwi uye zvinogoneka chete kana kune ngozi (kurwara, kuora kwemidzi, kuparadza pombi). Kudyara an orchid panguva yekuyerera kunoda zviyero zvinowedzera: kuchenesa kushandura (calcining) yehari uye substrate, kuchekerera peduncle, kushandiswa kwakashata kwemidzi.
Orchid kuiswa muchando
Mumwaka wechando, zvose zvinotora basa rinokosha kune vamiririri vemiti zvakaderera zvikuru. Kudzoka mushure mokunge kuvhara kwechando kunowedzera uye kwakareba kupfuura munguva yegore kana yekupedza nguva. Kana pasina hupenyu hunotyisa mbeu (kuora, zvirwere), zvadaro zviri nani kupedzisa kuiswa kune rimwe zuva kusvikira gore. Kuisa maoriki muchando pamusha kunoitwa maererano nemitemo imwechete yakafanana panguva yekufamba.
Orchid kuchengetedza mushure mekutengesa
Kuda kurapwa kwezuva nezuva, orchid mushure mekugadzirwa kunova "chaiye". Pakarepo mushure mokunge uchinge wapfuurira kune imwe itsva, kusvikira mazamu madhimoni pamidzi yaporeswa, anokonzera kuva mhirizhonga yezvirwere kana kuora. Kuparadza kwake zvakare kunogona kuve kwakanyanya kuoma kwemweya, chiedza chakajeka, mahara uye kushanduka kwechando kamwe kamwe. Saka, mazuva okutanga mushure mekugadzirwa kwemavara, orchid inofanira kuitirwa mune imwe nzvimbo yakanyanyisa yakazara uye inonaya mvura.
Ukudiridza maarchiki mushure mekugadziriswa
Mazuva gumi orchid inokwanisa kunyatsokwanisa kurarama muhutu, izvo zvakachengetwa mu substrate. Nguva ino inofanirwa, kuti midzi yakakanganiswa panguva yekufamba ichi ine nguva yekudzoka uye hapana majekiseni akapinda mairi. Kudiridza kwekutanga kwekutanga kana orchid kupemha kunorudzirwa kuti kuitwe musi we10-14. Pamberi peizvi, simiti ichabhadhara nokuda kwekushayikwa kwemvura kuburikidza nekurasira kwezuva nezuva nemvura inodziya, yakasimba.
Chii chinoita kuti orchid inopera mushure mekugadzirwa?
Zvikonzero zvinoita kuti orchid yakaisvonaka ive yakasvibira uye yakanyunguduka ingave yakawanda:
- kunopisa kana kukanganisa midzi;
- kukanganisa kunwa kwekunwa;
- nyika isina kusarudzwa;
- kunyanya fertilizer.
Kunzwisisa kuti nei orchid ichirwara mushure mekugadzirisa haisi nyore, nokuti panguva iyi iyo simiti iri munharaunda uye yakaoma. Izvo zviito zvekudzorera zvakare zvichabatsira kuchengetedza zvaunoda:
- Tinotumira mubhi kwemaawa akawanda muchitonhora (+ 13-15 ° C). Izvi zvichatibatsira kurarama nemhepo inopisa uye kuronga kutengesa kupisa kwemuti.
- Pashure pokunge nzvimbo inotonhorera mubhodhi mumudziyo nemvura inopisa kusvika ku 35 ° C uye uende kwemaawa akawanda kusvikira substrate yakanyoroveswa.
- Ngatibvise mvura yakawandisa, uye kana ichiyerera, tinoronga mvura inodziya kubva paatomizer. Mushure maro, nyatsotsvaira mashizha nemucheka wakasvibira kusvikira wanyarara.
- Tinoisa muhari ye orchid mune imwe imba ine kutonhora kwe + 18-22 ° C, yakanaka, asi pasina ngozi yezuva rakajeka pamashizha.
Kana mazuva mashomanana mushure mekuita chirongwa ichi chiri pamusoro apa, mashizha haatauri hutano hwakanaka uye elasticity, kudzokorora kunowanikwa nokukurumidza kwe orchid kunokosha. Zvingangodaro kuti midzi yakasvibiswa yakaora kana ivhu rakaoma haritenderi kufema zvizere. Munguva yekugadziriswa, zvese zvinoshandiswa uye ivhu rinofanira kunge rakanyatsodzivirirwa, nekuisa muti wacho mu "kuisa mukana" - kamuri rine kutonhora kwakagadzikana uye kunaya.
Chikonzero nei orchid isingasviki mushure mekugadzirwa?
Kuisa kune iyo itsva yepamusoro kwakabudirira uye mhuka inofara nekukura kwekushanda uye kushizha kwemashizha, asi kwete nemafuta. Iro orchid inotumbuka rini mushure mekugadziriswa? Kudzorerwa kwakakwana kwemidzi kuchaitika kwete pangopfuura mwedzi 6-7. Kusvikira panguva ino, muti unotungamirira masimba ose kusvika pakukura kwemuti uye ruvara rwemavara, uye chete ipapo ichapfuurira pakuumbwa kwezvishoma. Izvi zvinotevera zvinofanira kusangana:
- musiyano pakati peusiku nekupisa masikati hausi pasi pe5 ° C;
- kuderedza kunwa kwekudiridza nekuwedzera kushambadzira;
- kuparadzanisa chiedza chemaawa 12 pazuva.