Iyo yakarongeka chaiyo yebindu ndeye dahlias, kudyara uye kutarisira maruva akajeka haabvumi chero dambudziko rakakosha, asi vane zvinyengeri zvavo. Zvirimwa zvinonyatsoenderana nemamiriro ekunze enyika. Ivo ndevemhuri yevhiri, iyo inonzi mukuremekedzwa kwebhodhoro rakakurumbira kubva kuPetersburg Johanna Georgi.
Ko dahlias inoratidzika sei?
Bindu dahlias ndeyezvipembenene zvine tuberous, kureba kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana kunenge masendimita makumi matatu, marudzi akakura anogona kusvika 2 m.Bhasikiti akaisvonaka, akanyorwa zvizere nemakumbo, mavara akasiyana-siyana - machena, ose mavara emarangi, pini, tsvuku, uye ruvara. Inowanzokwanisika kuona maviri-mavara uye motley hybrids. Kazhinji muvhu rakavhurwa rakakura risingaperi, asi chikamu chikamu chegwenzi muvhuni yavo inofa kumutsipa. Dahlias - tsanangudzo yakajeka:
- chimiro chacho chine stalk chinoputika pane iyo iri pakati pekugara mapepa mashenga;
- marudzi akasiyana-siyana akaenzana uye akaumbwa nemaruva ane mavara akawanda. Minima buds inenge yakakura kusvika 10 cm, mu giants ukuru hwebhasikiti inodarika 25 cm.
Dahlias - marudzi
Maererano nezvinyorwa zve rosettes dahlias zvakakamurwa muzvipenyu zvinotevera:
- Nymphy terry zvakasiyana siyana zvinokura kusvika 70-130 cm, dzine mabhasikiti asina kuchena ma 7-20 cm kumativi ose, akafanana nemaruva emvura;
- Dahlias iri nyore pasi payo inosvika 45-60 cm muhupamhi, mapafu avo ari pakati nepakati rimwe rutivi rwemakona emaketetete anenge 10 cm muupamhi;
- I-cactus species inomera ye 90-150 masentimita muhukuru, double inflorescences yakave yakatsvuka, yakaputirwa pamakumbo emadziro 8-25 masendimita;
- pompon dahlias inosvika pakukosha kwepamusoro pe 90-120 cm, mabhasi e-terry ane maitiro ebhora 5 cm muupamhi;
- Maruva akafanana nemaruva ane maruva emvura mukati maro uye mitsara yakawanda yakanyanyisa. Muvara wekorolla - yepepuru, yepepuru, yakatsvuka;
- Mafuta e-globular ane urefu hwe 90-120 masentimita, mabhasikiti akazara akaputika e8-15 cm anoumbwa pamashizha;
- Collar marudzi e shrub kusvika masendimita 120. Maruva avo anosiyaniswa nemuvara usina kujairika. Vane rutivi rwekunze rwemakumbo (ruvara rutsvuku, ruvara, ruvara rwepepuru), pamusoro padzo nderomukati mutsvuku, wakakomberedzwa, wakanaka kwazvo;
- mhando yemagetsi kusvika pamasendimita makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mashanu ane tsvuku, violet-yellow, maruva emaruva ane masendimita 10 cm.
Nzira yekudyara dahlias?
Kuti uwane dahlias yakaisvonaka mumunda, kana uchidyara nekusiya iwe unoda kusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera. Kugadzirira kwevhu:
- ivhu riri panzvimbo iyo inofanira kunge iri mvura inogadzirwa, yakanyoroveswa, isina kusimba kana kusatsigira;
- munguva yekuwa panguva yekuchera, nzvimbo yacho inowirirwa nehomwe-3-5 kg pa 1 m 2 ;
- Muchirimo, kuchengetedza ivhu kunowanikwa mukudzoka kunokonzerwa nemapupositi uye matanda ash.
Itai kuti matsime ave nani pane penumondi chiedza, apo nguva yekuyerera yemutambo ichave yakanyanya. Nzvimbo yekuisa nzvimbo iri nani kuchinja gore negore, usashandise nzvimbo idzi mushure mekudenga. Chinhu chakakosha ndechimwe chimiro chemanyore. Kana uchidyara ichidikanwa kugadzirisa denga remvura yevhu rakavhuniwa, yakawedzerwa ivhu. Ida maruva tubers inotangira kuora, saka haifaniri kuiswa munzvimbo dzakadzika. Kudyara dahlias muvhu kunoshandiswa uchishandisa mabhuru ezvigadzirwa kana mbeu. Muchiitiko chekutanga, iwe unofanira kutarisana nekugadzira nekuchengetedza midzi.
Nzira yekudyara dahlias ne tubers?
Nzira yekudyara dahlias ne tubers:
- MunaMuvhuro, midzi yakagadzirirwa - yakarongedzwa kubva kune yakaoma yakabuda, kubvisa nzvimbo dzakaparadzwa, kudzura zvikamu nemafuta.
- Iyo tubers inodyarwa mumudziyo une peat kana musanganiswa wemuviri, zvokuti inomuka masendimita 2-3 pamusoro pepamusoro, uye inopedza vhiki mbiri pakushambidzika kwe18 ° C uye chiedza chakanaka.
- Kana mazai akaonekwa pavari, mababu anocheka, kuitira kuti pane chimwe nechimwe pane hovha ine mitsi midzi.
- Izvo zvichiri kukwira mubhokisi kusvikira tsvuku inosvika 10 cm, ndokudyarwa pasi.
- Gomba re dahlias rinodikanwa 40x40x40 cm, shandisa manyorero akawanda pasi.
- Lukovychka inotorwa kuitira kuti mutsipa wemudziyo uite masendimita maviri akareba kupfuura pasi.
- Mushure mekudyara, michero inonwisa nemvura inotonhorera uye yakanyongedzwa nehutatu hwemaody bark.
- Pamusoro pezvikwereti, mabhuti anogadzirirwa pedyo nemakomba, kuitira kuti kusvibiswa kunokonzera kusaputika nemhepo.
Nzira yekudyara dahlias mumbeu yemvura?
Nekubatsira kwembeu, gore rimwe chete uye zvisingaperi zvinogona kukura. Nzira yekudyara dahlias muvhu mukati megore:
- Zvishandiso zvepurastiki zvinoshandiswa pane izvi. Mbeu mumazuva okutanga eApril yakapararira pamucheka wekambined, yakasaswa, yakanyoroveswa, yakafukidzwa ne cellophane.
- Pakushambidzika kwema 25-17 ° C mbeu inomera kwemazuva gumi, uye inoshandiswa muzvitsuwa zvakasiyana.
- Sezvinenge zvakakanganiswa zveperimer zvakakodzera - imwe nhamba ye peat uye jecha uye mairi maviri mashizha. Mazuva matatu asati asarudza, ivhu rinotapirwa nechinangwa che potassium permanganate.
- Mushure mokunge tashandura, miche inodirirwa sezvo substrate inoderera, mushure mokunge inogona kubviswa muvhu.
Nguva yekudyara dahlias munzvimbo yakazaruka?
Maruva anoiswa munzvimbo yakazaruka pakupera kwaMay kana kutanga kweJune, apo dahlias atosimwa zvakachengeteka - pasi rakapisa, kutyisidzika kwechando chisati chapfuura. Vamwe varimi vanosimudza nguva yekare kare. Asi zvino unoda kunyatsosasa mazabhu kana miche nemucheche (sawdust, peat) kubva pane zvinogona kuitika zvechando zvinogona kuzviparadza. Kana iwe ukadyara mbeu yacho ichinonoka, ruzivo rwemangwana rinogona kusvika kumwedzi inotonhora zvikuru ezhizha uye mabhasikiti achakurumidza kupisa.
Dahlias - kuchengetedza uye kukura
Kuita gorgeously uye nekupenya kwakaputira munda dahlias, kudyara uye kutarisira zvinoreva kudiridza kunyanzvi, mboreji nzvimbo, kubviswa kwemasora. Weeding ivhu rinoitwa sezvinoita uswa huri kukura. Kubva pakusunungura kunogona kubviswa, sezvo kukura dahlias kwakajeka kana iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchitarisa nzvimbo yacho nemaruva. Uswa hwakasvibira uye sawdust zvichabatsira kurwisa slugs uye panguva imwechete zvichaita kuti ivhu rirege kuoma kunyange mumazuva anopisa. Mukupera kweSeptember - kutanga kwaOctober, dahlia tubers inofanira kuve yakacherwa. Kutarisira kwemidzi muchando:
- Mazuva mashomanana vasati vachera maruva vanobviswa kubva kumagwenzi uye vakafukidzwa nemafuta, kuitira kuti mhepo isabatwa;
- munguva yechando ibva 5-10 cm ye stem pamidzi;
- miriwo inobviswa pamakiromita makumi matatu, foshoro inobvisa chivharo chepasi, kushambidza mababu uye kuisa kuti iome;
- masikirini asina kukwana pavari anosaswa nemarasha;
- chengeta zvinhu zvakasimwa pa + 3-5 ° C munzvimbo yakanaka yepakati mumudziyo ine jecha rakaoma kana kuti sawdust kusvikira gore.
Maruva eDahlia - zvinoshandiswa pakudiridza
Kuchengetedza dahlias kunosanganisira kunwisa kunopa 1-2 nguva pavhiki (kana pasina mvura). Asi iwe haugoni kubvumira kupera kwemafuro muhubhuro yemiti, kana zvisina kudaro ichaita kuti iome. Mvura inofanirwa kuva iyo kuitira kuti mvura inonwe ivhu ivhu rakadzika makumi matatu (30 cm) - izvi zvakakwana kuita kuti maruva awane mukana wakarurama wekupa upenyu mvura. Mukupisa kwakasimba kuchengetedza unyoro kunobatsira kukwira mugwenzi. Pamberi pemvura inotevera inotevera ivhu uye matheksi kubva pademiti inofanira kubviswa, mushure mekudzikisa - zvakare kusasa mbeu.
Nzira yekudyisa dahlias?
Panguva yekudiridza zviri nyore kugadzira manyowa pasi pegwenzi. Nzira yekuchengetedza dahlias maererano nekupfeka:
- Vhiki mbiri imwe neimwe muhafu yekutanga yemwaka tsika inogadzirwa, kushandiswa kwema mineral uye nhengo dzehupenyu - ammonium nitrate (15 g per m 2 ), mullein kupusika 1:10 kana madonhi emarudzi 1:20.
- Nekuuya kweiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii, zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera superphosphate uye pomasiyumu makemikari kune ivhu paanotanga 30 g pamubhodhoro wemvura - zvichange zvakaringana zvienzaniso 8.
- Fertilizer iri nyore kuita - pamucheto wegwenzi pane bhodzi rinoshandiswa, hoiti inowanikwa mairi, inodiridza uye inosaswa pasi.
Vanotora dahlias here?
Pamusoro pemwaka wose, zvakakosha kubvisa mazhizha akazara, kuitira kuti arege kudzivisa kuonekwa kwezvitsva. Muchikoro chepamusoro, zviri nani kuvhara matanho ekugadzirisa, pane mabhasi ari kukura izvi hazviiti. Kubvisa mashizha pachiyero chemasendimita 30-40 kubva pamudzi unovandudza kushandiswa kwemhepo pakati pematemu. Kuti uwane hukuru hwema inflorescences dze dahlias, kukura kunofambidzana nekubviswa kwehuwandu hwemafuro. Mune rimwe gwenzi panguva imwe chete musasiya mabhasiki maviri uye zvitatu. Izvi zvichawana mazhizha makuru uye anoshongedza.
Maruva dahlias - zvirwere nezvirwere
Bindu dahlias, kudyara uye kutarisira izvo zvinoitwa maererano neagrotechnics, chirwere chiduku. Asi dzimwe nguva vanogona kurwiswa nezvipembenene kana zvirwere zvinotapukira. Zvirwere, zvipembenene uye nzira dzokurwisa nadzo:
- Vanokurumbira, tsanga dzenguruve , mafivha uye mambukira ndiyo mishonga ine ngozi kune dzimwe tsika. Kuchengetedza dahlias inotora, kana ichioneka, mashizha kamwe kamwe pavhiki manheru anobudiswa ne decoction yevavava kana celandine. Sopu inonzi sopu inogona kushandiswa kubva kune hove. Kana pane zvakawanda zvipembenene, kurapwa nemishonga inouraya inodiwa.
- Vechidiki vanowedzera zvakasimba kutema slugs, iyo inovatambudza munguva yemvura. Nokudzivirira, ivhu rakapoteredza gwenzi rinogona kusaswa nevhuvhu refodya kana kuti pasi pevhu.
- Kana pane yakawanda yeworworm muvhu, chlorophos inowanikwa mukati mayo ne rakes.
- Nzira yakasvibirira yepamusoro nekuda kwemavirusi haina kubatwa. Kuti udzivise utachiona hweimwe miti, gwenzi rakagadzikana rinofanira kubviswa uye kupiswa pamwe nemidzi.