Chirwere chinotyisa chiri mumuviri, chinokonzera ngozi pakarepo muupenyu hwehupenyu. Chirwere ichi chinoratidzika nechitarisiko chekugara uchiparadzanisa masero, anogona kukanganisa zvakashata mavara. Mukuwedzera, nenguva, chikamu chechipiri kazhinji chinowanikwa munhengo dziri kure. Pakutanga, kuora kwekukura kukura kwekuita, uye saka vanhu vazhinji havawanzofungiri kuti chinetso.
Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvechirwere chakaipa
Zvichienderana nechinzvimbo chemarara kune zviratidzo zvakasiyana. Kazhinji, kunzwa kunorwadza kunowanikwa mumatanho ekupedzisira. Pane zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvapo kwechirwere mumuviri:
- zviratidzo zvomunharaunda (kusimbisa pasi peganda, kubuda ropa, kuputika, jaundice);
- kazhinji (kuora kurasika uye chido, kupera kwakasimba, hyperhidrosis, anemia);
- zviratidzo zvemasastases (kuputika kwema-lymph nodes, kukomba, kurwadziwa kwepfupa, chiropa chakawedzerwa).
Mhando uye zvikamu zvezvirwere zvinouraya
Tumhe dzakasiyana zvichienderana nemasero kubva kwaakaitika:
- Melanoma inowanikwa kubva ku melanocytes;
- carcinoma inoumbwa kubva kumasero e epithelial tissues (inofunga kuti inonyanya kuora mutezo);
- chirwere chinokonzerwa neukama chinokonzerwa nechiremara mumufupa wemapfupa;
- sarcoma chirwere chinopararira mumapfupa, mutsvina uye zvinogunzva maviri;
- lymphoma inowanikwa kubva kune yakashandurwa lymphatic tissue;
- Iyo tatata inomuka kubva kumasero ema embryos;
- glioma inowedzera kukura kwezvinyama zvisingatauriki;
- Choriocarcinoma inopararira kubva mumasero emakona.
Chikamu chechirwere chinosarudzwa nemumwe nyanzvi, zvichienderana nemuongorori wekutanga wemurwere. Iko kune ina, uye iyo inotsanangurwa nhamba dzeRoma:
- I-tumarara isina kukunda masendimita maviri, lymph nodes iri pedyo yakasimba;
- II - nhamba yemasipiramu inopfuura masendimita maviri, metastasis mumakumbo emakumbo;
- III - chiremara hachina kushanda, zvirwere zvinowanikwa mumakirini emakiromita ari pedyo;
- IV - hupi hupi hwehutachiona, nhengo dziri pedyo dzinorwiswa, chikamu chechipiri chinowanikwa munzvimbo dziri kure dzomuviri.
Kuongororwa kwezvirwere zvinouraya
Kuti uone kuvepo kwechirwere chacho uye nheyo yaro, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dze laboratori uye nzira dzinoshandiswa dzinoshandiswa:
- kuongorora ropa;
- Radiography uye fluoroscopy;
- MRI;
- laparoscopy;
- kombiyuta uye positron emission tomography;
- dermotoscopy;
- biopsy;
- thermography .
Kurapa kwezvirwere zvinorwadza
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinokosha dzekutarisana nechirwere ichi:
- Radiation therapy - muviri unotarisana nechirevo chinotungamirirwa nemirairo, iyo inotungamirira pakuderera kwekukura kweeoplasm.
- Chemotherapy - nerubatsiro rwechidonho munhu anogadzirwa nemishonga inodhaka inogona kukonzera DNA yezviremera masero, kurerutsa kukura kwavo kana kuuraya zvachose.
- Immunotherapy - chirwere ne interferon mazano.
- Kupindira kwekuvhiya -kubviswa kwechirwere chinotyisa, icho kazhinji kacho chinotungamirira kugadzirisa.
- Hormonotherapy. Iyi nzira inobva pamagumisiro emamwe mahomoni pakuvandudzika kwekodhi.
- Cryotherapy - iyo inogadzirisa mutezo ane mvura inonzi nitrogen. Somugumisiro, mukati memasero anonyangadza apo kune chirwere chemagetsi. Mukuwedzera, makristani echando ane simba rinokuvadza.
- Photodynamic therapy . Iyi nzira inobva pakushandisa photosensitizing zvinhu izvo zvinosarudzwa zvinowedzera mune zvinosvibisa mishonga. Ipapo hutachiona huri irradied nechiedza chinokosha. Somugumisiro, nhamba huru ye radicals inoumbwa inoparadza masayeri eatypical.