Nhoroondo inovanza zvinhu zvakawanda zvine chokuita nekuedza kwakaipa kune vanhu vakaitwa "muzita" remishonga. Vamwe vavo vakazozivikanwa kuvanhu vose.
Miedzo yemishonga mitsva uye nzira dzokurapa dzinoitwa mumunhu chete kana pane chivimbo chokuti nhamba yemigumisiro yakaipa inoderedzwa. Zvinosuruvarisa, hazvisi nguva dzose. Nhoroondo inonyatsoziva maitiro apo vanhu vakava guinea-nguruve kwete yeavo pachavo vakasununguka uye vakatambura kurwadziwa kukuru uye kurwadziwa.
1. Nzira dze "kukwira" munhu mumusoro
Muma1950 nema1960, CIA yakatanga purogiramu yekutsvakurudza yainzi MKULTRA project, kuongororwa kwakaitwa pamigumisiro yeuropi yemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemishonga nemishonga inokonzera mishonga yepfungwa kuitira kuti iwane nzira yekushandura pfungwa. ICIA, mauto, vanachiremba, zvifeve uye vanhu vezvimwe zvikamu zvakakonzerwa nemishonga, vachidzidza zvavanoita. Chinonyanya kukosha, vanhu vakanga vasingazivi kuti vaiedza. Mukuwedzera, mishonga yakasikwa, uko kuongororwa kwakaitwa uye zvigumisiro zvakanyorwa pamwe nekubatsirwa kwemakamera akavanzwa kwekuzotevera kuongorora. Muna 1973, mukuru weCIA akarayira kuparadza zvose zvinyorwa zvine chokuita neprojekti iyi, saka zvakanga zvisingakwanisi kuwana uchapupu hwekuedza kwakadaro kwakashata.
2. Kushandisa kurapwa kweupfumi
Muna 1907, Dr. Henry Cotton akazova mukuru mukuru muchipatara chepfungwa mumuguta reTrenton, uye akatanga kushandura pfungwa yake kuti chinonyanya kukonzera kushushikana kwehutachiwana hwemunharaunda. Chiremba akaita zviuru zvemabasa pasina kubvumirwa kwevarwere vaiva neropa uye vasina mwoyo. Vanhu vakabviswa mazino, matoni uye nhengo dzomukati, iyo, maererano nechiremba, ndiyo yakabva dambudziko racho. Uye pamusoro pezvose, zvinoshamisa kuti chiremba aidavira munheyo yake zvakanyanya zvokuti akazviedza paari iye nemhuri yake. Cotoni yakawedzeredzawo mitsva yekutsvakurudza kwake, uye mushure mekufa kwake ivo havana kumboitwa zvakare.
3. Kutsvakurudza kunotyisa pamusoro pemagetsi emagetsi
Muna 1954, kuongororwa kunotyisa kwakaitwa muAmerica pamusoro pevagari veMarshall Islands. Vanhu vainge vaine ruzivo rwehupenyu hwekudonha. Tsvakurudzo yainzi "Project 4.1". Mumakore gumi ekutanga mufananidzo wacho wakanga usina kujeka, asi mushure memamwe makore gumi chiitiko chacho chakaonekwa. Vana vakatanga kuwanzoongorora chirwere chetachiona, uye inenge yega yega yega yeaigara muzvitsuwa zvakakonzerwa nekugadzirisa neoplasms. Somugumisiro, dhipatimendi remakurukota ehurumende yakati vatori vekuedza havadi kuti vaite zvidzidzo zvakadaro, asi kupa rubatsiro kune vakaurayiwa.
4. Haasi nzira yekurapa, asi kutambudzika
Zvakanaka kuti mishonga haigoni kumira uye inoramba ichichinja, nokuti kare nzira dzokurapa dzaiva, kuidzika zvinyoro, kwete hukama. Somuenzaniso, muna 1840, Dr. Walter Johnson akabata chirwere chinonzi typhoid pneumonia nemvura inopisa. Kwemwedzi yakawanda akaedza nzira iyi pamusoro pevaranda. Jones akatsanangura zvakajeka kuti mumwe murume ane makore 25 akabvongodzwa sei, akaisa mudumbu uye akadururira mushure make 19 mamita emvura anyorera. Mushure meizvi, chirongwa chacho chaifanira kudzokororwa kwemaawa mana, ayo, maererano nechiremba, aifanira kudzorera kapirary circulation. Jones akataura kuti akaponesa vazhinji, asi izvi hazvina uchapupu hwezvimiririra.
5. Akavanzwa uye Ane Ngozi North Korea
Nyika yakavharwa zvikuru iyo, muchokwadi, kuongororwa kwakasiyana kunogona kuitwa, (asi hakuna munhu achaziva pamusoro pavo) - North Korea. Kune humwe uchapupu hwokuti kodzero dzevanhu dziri kutyorwa ipapo, dzinodzidza dzakafanana kune dzevaNazi munguva yehondo dziri kuitwa. Semuenzaniso, mukadzi akashanda nguva mujeri reNorth Korea achiti vasungwa vakamanikidzwa kudya chikafu chepfu, uye vanhu vakafa maminitsi makumi maviri mushure mekutswa ropa. Panewo humwe uchapupu hwokuti kune magirazi eirasiro reirasi mujeri, umo mhuri dzose dzakasvibiswa uye dzakapiswa nemhepo. Munguva ino, vatsvakurudzi vakaona kutambura kwevanhu.
6. Kuedza kwakakonzera kutsamwa kukuru
Muna 1939, paYunivhesiti yeAhio, Wendell Johnson uye mudzidzi wake akadzidza akapedza chiedza chemazuva mashoma umo nherera dzakawanikwa dzichiedza kuongorora. Vana vacho vakapatsanururwa kuva mapoka maviri uye mumwe akatanga kukurudzirwa uye kurumbidzwa nekuda kwekutaura kwekutaura, uye wechipiri - kutsoropodza uye kusavhiringidza pane zvinetso zve logopedic. Somugumisiro, vana vaitaura zvakanaka uye vakave nekunzwa kusina kunaka, vakawana mitauro yezvakatsauka muupenyu. Kuchengetedza mukurumbira weyunivhesiti inonyatsozivikanwa, migumisiro yezviongedzo yakavanzwa kwenguva yakareba, uye muna 2001 chete vatungamiri vakaunza kukumbira ruregerero rwevanhu.
7. Ongororo dzinoenderana nemagetsi ezvino
Makore anopfuura zana adarika, kushandiswa kwemagetsi kunotyisa zvikuru. Dr. Robert Bartolow akaziva chiitiko chakasiyana-siyana, achirapa mukadzi anotambura nechironda pahenya. Zvakaitika muna 1847. Donda racho rinopararira munzvimbo huru, richiparadza pfupa, sechikonzero chekuti zvaive zvichikwanisa kuona uropi hwomukadzi. Chiremba akasarudza kushandiswa kweizvi uye akazoita zvinoitika zvezviri ikozvino zvakananga pachirongwa. Pakutanga murwere akanzwa akasunungurwa, asi mushure mokunge apinda mu coma ndokufa. Vanhu vakapanduka, saka Bartolou aifanira kutama.
8. Kuparadzwa kwevanhu vasina tsika
Iri munyika yanhasi munyika dzakawanda iyo sangano rinotsungirira vanhu vasina tsika, uye vasati vatsvaga kuzviparadzanisa uye kuparadza. Mumakore kubva muna 1971 kusvikira muna 1989 mune zvipatara zvechiuto zveSouth Africa yakashandiswa basa rokuti "Aversia", iro raiva nechinangwa chokugumisa ungochani. Somugumisiro, anenge mazana masere masoja ehurume nemukadzi akabatwa nekuverengeka kwakaipa uye kutyisa kuongororwa kwezvokurapa.
Chokutanga pane zvose, zvinoshamisa kuti vaprista "vakaonekwa" vanhurume. Chokutanga, "varwere" vakave nemishonga yekurapa, uye kana pakanga pasina mitezo, magedhi echechiatrists anoshandiswa kune dzimwe nzira dzakanyanya: hormonal uye shock therapy. Mufaro weivo vanoedza hauna kuguma ipapo, uye varombo vehondo vaishungurudzwa nemakemikari, uye vamwe vakatochinja zvepabonde.
9. Mutsara unotyisa weWhite House
Panguva yekutonga kwaBarack Obama, hurumende yakaumba komiti yekuongorora yakaongorora nekuwana kuti muna 1946 White House yakatsigira vatsvakurudzi vakapinda nemaune syphilis ne 1 300 Guatemalans. Kuedza kwakapedza makore maviri, uye chinangwa chavo chaiva kuratidza kubudirira kwepenicillin pakurapa chirwere ichi.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaita zvinotyisa: vaibhadhara zvifeve, izvo ivo vanoparadzira chirwere pakati pemasoja, vasungwa nevanhu vane zvirwere zvepfungwa. Ava vakaurayiwa havana kunyunyuta kuti vairwara. Somugumisiro wekuedza, vanhu 83 vakafa kubva muchirwere. Apo zvinhu zvose zvakanga zvakazaruka, Barack Obama pachake akakumbira ruregerero kuna hurumende nevanhu veGuatemala.
10. Mafungiro ejeri ejeri
Muna 1971, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa Firipi Zimbardo akasarudza kuedza kuedza kutarisa zvinoitwa nevanhu vakatapwa uye avo vane simba. Vadzidzi vanozvipira paStanford University vakagoverwa kuva mapoka: vasungwa nevarindi. Somugumisiro, kwaiva nemutambo mu "jeri". Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa yakawana maitiro asingatarisirwi kune vechidiki, saka, avo vakanga vari mubasa revarindi, vakatanga kuratidzira mafungiro okusuruvara, uye "vasungwa" vakaratidza kushushikana mupfungwa uye kusava nesimba. Zimbardo akarega kuedza kwenguva pfupi, nokuti kuputika kwepfungwa kwakanga kwakanyanya.
11. Kuongorora kwekufa kwechiuto
Kubva pane ruzivo runotevera hazvibviri kuti tisave. Munguva yeSino-Japanese uye Hondo Yenyika II, pakanga pane boka rakavanzika remakemikari uye chemakemikari remauto ehondo, rainzi "Block 731". Siro Ishii akamuraira uye akanga asina mwoyo, sezvaaifunga pamusoro pevanhu uye akaitisa vivisection (kuvhura kwezvipenyu), uye kunyange vakadzi vane pamuviri, kutemwa uye kusviba kwemakumbo, vakaunza maronda ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Uye vasungwa vakashandiswa sevanoraramira hupenyu nekuda kwekuongorora zvombo.
Kuvhiringidzika ndeyekuti shure kwekuguma kwemhirizhonga Ishii yakanga isingatauri kubva kuvakuru vakuru vekuAmerica. Somugumisiro, akapedza zuva rimwe mujeri ndokufa makore 67 ekenza yemarara.
Kuongorora kwakaipisisa kwemabasa ekuvanda eSUSS
Munguva dzeSoviet, kwaiva nehwaro hwepachivande kwavakaona kuitika kwehupfu pavanhu. Vatevedzeri ndivo vainzi "vavengi vevanhu." Zvidzidzo zvakaitwa kwete kwete chete, asi kuongorora maitiro emakemikari asingagoni kuonekwa mushure mekufa kwemunhu. Somugumisiro, mushonga wacho wakawanikwa uye wainzi "K-2." Zvapupu zvakati pasi pesimba rehuyi uyu munhu anorasikirwa nesimba, anova, sekuti akaderera, uye anofa kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu.