Pakati pehuwandu hwemapods, mazai eTurkey anozivikanwa nemaitiro asina kujairika ezviyo uye anonyanya kukosha zvinhu, ndiyo nheyo yezvizhinji zvezvokudya zvekuAsia zvekare. Iyi munda wekurima ine chikafu pamberi pehama dzayo dzose uye inokodzera kubhadhara mumunda wega wega.
Turkish peas (chickpeas) - tsanangudzo
Miti yacho ine mazita akawanda - chick pea, peka peka, greek peas, mutton peas. Pods of turkey peas shoma ne 1-2 mbeu, mune mamwe makirasi kusvika kusvika 4 zvimedu, michero kusvika kumubata iri tuberculate-rough, panze yakafanana musoro wemwana gwayana. Muti - muti unokosha, uchirikurira pamashure kunounza zvakawanda zvakabatsiri kune muridzi. Kunyangwe kudikanwa kwechidimbu chekufanirwa kwemahombekiti eTurkey kunobatsira kutarisa matariro ose anokosha kubva mukurima kwaro mumugwagwa wemuguta.
Chii chakakurumbira pamapurasi eTurkey:
- Chickpeas inogona kudyiwa mukabikwa uye yakasvibiswa nzira, kukosha kukuru kwakamera mbeu.
- Chinyorwa chiduku che glycemic chinoita kuti peas chive chinhu chakakosha mumishonga yevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga.
- Nehuwandu hweprotheni, chickpeas inoperera kune nyama yezvokudya, saka zvinokurudzirwa kune zvinomera uye vaKristu kuti vashandise munguva yekutsanya.
- MuTurkey peas yakawanda ye phosphorus, pane magnesium ne potassium, riboflavin uye lecithin, mavhitamini makuru.
- Mukuwedzera kune kukosha kwezvokudya, mazai eTurkey anogona kushandiswa pakudya.
- Zvinotendwa kuti maererano nehuwandu hwezvokudya, mahonji aya anogona kutora nzvimbo yekudya yehove mumisanganiswa yekudya.
- Zviyo zvekakani zvemuti uyu zvinobatsira uye zvinonaka, uye upfu hwakabva kwavari hunoshandiswa kubika uye kubika porridges.
Chickpea - landing
Torosi yeTurkey haisi yezvimwe zvinotapira uye zvinoda kuomera. Inowanzoremesa mamiriro okunze akaoma uye shure kwemvura inotanga zvakare mbeu, zvichiunza kukohwa kwakanakisisa. Zvakanyanya kuipa zvakadai semhando dzinomera dzinokura nekuwandisa kwakanyanya, kushamiswa ne-askohitosis, zvichikonzera kukundikana kwechirwere. Iyi simiti inoratidzirwa semhando inotonhora inopesana yezuva refu, inomira chisimba chakanyanya pasi pechando. MuUzbekistan, kudyara kwemahokwe yechick kunoitika muvhuvhu.
Nzira yekudyara chickpeas?
Peas haibvumiri ivhu, asi, zvinowedzera kukohwa kwepaiti, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha zvezvirimwa zvose. Chimwe chinhu chinokosha - kusavapo kwekusingaperi musora, kuomesa kutarisira kwemabhedha. Ihu hunhu hwomumvuri hwevhu hunobata kukwirira kwe mbeu. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana, akavharwa pa 6-8 cm, kana mbeu yacho ichibudiswa munguva yakaoma, kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekudyara kusvika masendimita 10. Kuwedzera kukura uye kuwedzera zvibereko, mineral fertilizer inoshandiswa kudyara chickpea - nitrate, nitroammophosco , superphosphate .
Nzira dzekudyara teresi dzekutengesa:
- mutsara (kudyara mbeu pashure pemasendimita 15),
- tepi nzira (dzakawanda zvakaparadzana zvakanyatsotevedzana nekadiki gap),
- Yakazara-yakapetwa (yakafara yemitsara iri pakati pe 45-60 cm).
Ko ini ndinoda kuderedza chickpeas ndisati ndadyara here?
Mumazuva akaoma, zvinokurudzirwa kuti soak chickpeas, kudyara uye kukura musimi nenzira iyi haisi yakasiyana mukuoma kunzwisisa. Mbeu dzakagadzirirwa kudyara dzakafukidzwa zvakakwana nemvura uye dzakasara kwemaawa gumi nemaviri, ichichinja mvura shure kwemaawa matatu. Zvinokwanisika, panguva imwe chete nekukwira, kuita mbeu kurapwa nemagadziro anokurudzira anokurudzira kumera. Kana ivhu rakanyorova, ipapo mbesa dzinodyarwa pasina kuvhara.
Nguva yekudyara chickpeas?
Kudyara chickpeas mumusika mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemamiriro okunze kunopesana maererano nemamiriro ekunze. Agronomists vanokurudzira kutarisa mumagazini iyi pamusoro pemvura uye kutonhora kwevhu. Pakutanga kwemazuva echando kuti asvike muTurkey peas inenge isina chakaipa, saka nguva yakakodzera yokudyara chickpeas iri kupisa kumusoro kwepamusoro penyika kusvika kutsigira ye5-6 ° C.
Nzira yekukura chickpeas munyika?
Kusiyana nemapurasi, simiti iyi haigadziri uye haina kukwanisa kugara. Nekurima kwekurima kwezvirimwa zvinotyisa uye pasi zvakaderera zvinoenderana, chibereko chakanaka mumasango chinowanikwa kana uchidyara pamibhedha nechepakati yegorosi ye15 cm kusvika 20 cm.Herbicide turkey inobvumira zvishoma, zviri nani kukudziridza ivhu rokudyara nemaoko kana magetsi, asi pasina kushandisa chemistry.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehosi dzinonzi turkey:
- State farm. Inotaura nezvemhando yakasvibirira-yakakura, zvinomera zvinosvika kusvika mazuva makumi mashanu. Mapurotini muzvikamu - kusvika ku24%, chibereko nehutano hwekurima hwekurima - 3.8 kg / 10 sq.m. Yakashamisika neaskohitosis.
- Krasnokutsky 195. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakanaka, dzinonaka, mazai akakura zvakabikwa zvakakwana. Mashizha emiti yacho ari kuderera, kusanaya kwemvura, mapodhi haaputi. Kuwedzerwa kwechickpeas paunenge uchikura maererano nemitemo yese yekurima magetsi - 3,5 kg / 10 sq.m.
- Anniversary. Masango anopa mavara e-yellow-pink ruvara rwekunakidza ne 27% yeprotini. Zvibereko zveizvi zvakasiyana zvinokwana 3 kg / 10 sq.m.
- Budzhak. ChiKukraine zvakasiyana nemabhanhire emwenje, bhuni rinomira, nguva yekukohwa mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe. Mbeu inobereka kusvika 1.8 t / ha.
Turkish peas - kumwa mvura
Kana chickpeas yakakodzera mamiriro ekukura mumamiriro okunze anopisa, kumwe kudiridza kunodiwa chete mumakore akaoma. Musoro unodururwa nenyuchi nemvura zvinokonzera kukuvadza, zvichibatsira pakuvandudzwa kwezvirwere zvefungal. Mvura inowanikwa pamapods inokonzera kuparara kwavo kwekutanga. Izvo zvinodiwa kuti isasvike kwete simiti, asi zvakananga ivhu, kurega kunyanyisa kupera kwemadonhwe kumativi. Rega zvachose kudiridza chirwere cheTurkey munguva yekuibva apo chirongwa chekufa kwechimiro chemavara chinowanikwa.
Turkish peas chickpeas - top dressing
Vanhu vazhinji vakaita semaperesi, asi havakadzi kudzidza kukura musimi, kuvimba nezvinoitika zvezvisikwa. Kutya kufungira mbeu hakufaniri kuve, kunyatsojekesa manyoreji zvinowedzera kukohwa kwezvirimwa mumunda. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuita mabasa aya munguva yekuvhuvhura-nguva, kuisa mineral substances (superphosphate) zvakananga muvhu, kana panguva yekukura kwekushanda kwehosi yehutu (saltpetre).
Nhamba ye superphosphate yezvibereko zvakapararira inosvika 30-40 g pa 1 sq. M, zviri nani kuidzidzisa muvhuvhu kana ichichera ivhu. Muchikamu chekutanga chekufambisa, peasiti inoda nitrogen, iyo iri nyore kugovera kumidzi yako nemubatsiro we saltpetre. Kupfeka kwepamusoro kunoshandiswa apo inomera inosvika masendimita mashanu kusvika ku8 kusvika pa10 kusvika ku15 g pamubhati wemvura. Iyo nitragin kugadziriswa pamusana pegudule bacteria, iyo inonyanya kuwedzera muchero wemiti ipi zvayo yakajeka, yakagadziridzwa zvakanaka.
Turkish peas - kutarisira
Ichi chimiro chinoita mabhazi marefu (50-60 masentimita), asi havatereri pavhu uye haafaniri kushandura semaperesi. Dambudziko guru reTurkey pea ndiro risingaperi remasora, iro rinoparadzwa ne weeding. Torosi yeTurkey inokura zvakanaka pamiti yese kunze kwekuremera loamy, maruva, uye kuitika kwakanyanya kwemvura. Zvakakosha kuedza kuisa mbeu mumazuva ekutanga, iyo ichiri muvhu izere nenyoro, inoda kuti kubhururuka kunobatsira uye kwakabatana kwebhinzi.
Kuonekwa kwekukurumidza kunotsvaira kukurumidza kwekugadzira pasi mushure mokudyara. Kana ivhu rakaputika mucheka, uye mashizha asati aonekwa, zvino nyatsosunungura ivhu. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuchengetedza nyika yakachena kubva kumasora. Kubudirira kwemishonga yemakemikari yekusarudzwa kwechickpeas haisipo, kudyara, uye kutarisirwa muvhu rakavhurwa kunoitwa mumasango akawanda kunyanya noruoko.
Kukura kwechickpeas - zvirwere nezvirwere
Kune matambudziko matatu makuru anotarisira munhu anoda kukura muTurkey pea mubindu:
- Cotton foshoro - butterfly brownish-yellow ruvara, akaisa mashizha emazai. Pakati pavo vanoita semashizha matsvuku-mapupa anokwira kusvika kuma 50 mm kure, vachidya mapepa emapods uye mbeu.
- Nhunzi inobhururuka - chirwere, kuisa mazai pamahombekombe ehosi yehosi. Inoratidzika mabukira inoita mashizha mumashizha, ruvara rwemavara rwemiti yacho runoshandura ruvara, rufa, chibereko chinoderera.
- Ascochitis chirwere chinokanganisa chickpeas mumakore ekudonaya. Inoratidzika semaruva akavhara mavara machena pamashizha nematombo. Vanorwara nyemba havakwanisi kukura, mbeu dzinorasikirwa nechitarisiko chazvo uye kukura.
Kurwisa zvipembenene zvinoshandisa Karate, Zolon, Decis , Actellik , Inta-VIR. Pamusoro pezvipembenene zvine simba, biochemical agent Aktofit, guruva refodya, uye huni hunoshandiswa. Ascohitosis inodzvinyirirwa nekupfira mbeu mbeu ine 1% sulfur, uye inodyarwa mbeu dzisingadiwi. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti usakure peasiti yeTurkey pane imwe nzvimbo yezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvakatevedzana, zvichiita nguva yemakore gumi nemana.