Pear Lada - maitiro ezvakasiyana-siyana, zvakavanzika zvekukohwa zvakanaka

Yepakutanga pepa Lada yakabatwa nekuyambuka marudzi maviri - Olga naLesnaya Bela nevarimi veRussia muna 1993. Yakabudirira kutora midzi munharaunda yenyika yedu. Unhu hwakanaka hwezvakasiyana-siyana: kurwisana nezvirwere (kunyanya kuiswa) uye kutonhora, nyore kwekutarisira, kurarama kwemuti kwenguva yakareba, kusazvimirira kune ivhu.

Mifananidzo ye pear Lada

Tsika inotaura nezvekutanga uye yakakwirira-kubereka zvirimwa. Pear Lada - tsanangudzo yakajeka yezvakasiyana-siyana:

muti wacho hupakati, hukuru hwematavi hudiki;
Chimwe chikamu chedu chinonzi grey, ruvara rune ruvara ruvara rwebhuruu, ivo vanosiyaniswa nehombodo shoma;
mashizha - mashizha-akabatanidzwa, matte, akajeka kune kunze, akavezwa mukati mechidzitiro chepakati, nechepakati zvishoma;
maruva ane corymb-akaumbwa mabhurusi ane 5-7 rosettes emusana mutsvuku;
michero ine mazai ebobovate, pasi rakasviba, ganda rakapfava. Mucherechero wechibereko chiedza chine tsvuku uye tsvuku tsvuku tsvuku;
Nyama inopenya mumucheka mutsvuku unopenya, ine unhu hwakanaka uye unomunwe, hunotyisa uye hunhu.

Iyo pear inotanga kubereka chibereko rini?

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvetsika ndicho chibereko chayo chikuru uye kukurumidza kukura kwemuti. Kwegore ripi iro pear inobereka michero Lada:

Mbeu inotanga kuunza chirimwa chakazara kwemakore 3-4 mushure mekusvika panzvimbo yakasimba;
muti uyu ucharatidza chibereko chakanaka mushure mekukura kwemakore 7-8.

Pear Lada - mazwi ekutsvaga

Mhuka idzi dzinofungidzirwa kuti dzinotanga, nguva iyo pear inokurudzira Lada - kutanga kana pakati pakati peAugust, kureva, pane mamwe marudzi. Hazvibvumi uye zvinosungirirwa kwenguva yakareba pamatavi, asi hapana chikonzero chekudzivirira kukohwa, kana zvisina kudaro icharasikirwa nekuravira kwayo. Mushure mokukohwa michero inochengetwa muvhareji wemakore - anenge mazuva 55-65 pane utsi hwe 0 ° C. Kuvhiringidzika kwebhikoro kunosanganisira kusasimba kusagadzikana kwekutakura.

Pear Lada - zvibereko

Munda weparadhi Lada mumutsanangudzo unoratidzwa nehuwandu hwezvibereko. Kana iwe ukanyatsotarisira muti, kana imwe kopi inogona kuwana 45-50 kg ye mapeji - 10-15 nhovo yemichero ye100-150 g Pamuti iwoyo akaparadzana zvakafanana, pamusana wepamusoro michero inogona kusvika inorema 200 g Lada - winter hardy, pasina hugaro huri kunyatsoona kutonhora, zvibereko zvinowanzoitika. Unhu hwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana huri kuzvitakura, hunogona kukura pane zviduku mune imwe kopi. Muchiitiko ichi, zvibereko zvemuti hazvina kurasikirwa.

Pear Lada - kureba kwemuti mukuru

Uyu muti wemizambiringa ndeye sham, inenge yakasviba yakareba. Nenzira, kukwirira kwe pepa reLada ndi 2.5-3 m. Korona isati yava fruiting (kusvika kumakore matatu) ine chinyamuti chekuita, shure kwe-pyramidal. Zvakanaka munguva yechando yakaoma uye kusakosha kwekusimudza kunopa Lada zvakanakisa, nekuchengeta zvakanaka muti unogona kurarama kusvika makore makumi mapfumbamwe, zvibereko zvakanaka zvinochengetedzwa zvinochengeterwa kusvika pachiyero kusvikira 60-70.

Nzira yekudyara pear Lada?

Dyara muti muvhu rakavhurwa muvhuvhu kana mangwanani ekutanga mushure mechando. Nzvimbo yakanakisisa ye pearada yeLada ichava rutivi rwezasi rwebindu pasina mhepo inotonhora yakawanda yezuva. Muti hauna kunyaderera kune ivhu, zvakakodzerwa zvakakodzera chernizem kana loamy ivhu. Pamusoro pavo, tsika ichabereka kukohwa kwakanaka. Kana iyo nzvimbo inotungamirirwa nevhu, inowedzerwa ne peat nerwizi rwejecha.

Nokudyara kwekuvhuvhura muna August, chirongwa chacho chinosungirwa ne 7 kg yemumuniti, 50 g ye superphosphate, 25 g ye potassium munyu pa 1 m ² . Zvadaro yakachera kusvika pakadzika kwepa bayonet. Kuenda kunoitwa kubva pakupera kwaSeptember. Vhiki mbiri isati yaitika, gomba rine mamita 1.3 m uye rakadzika masendimita 80 rakagadzirirwa, iro rakazadzwa nemusanganiswa wevhu nemafuta: 200 g ya azofosca, 10 kg ye compost, 600 g yemadota, 700 g ye dolomite. Kureba pakati pezvigaro - 1-2 m.

Nokuda kwekusima kwevhu, gomba remheyo rakagadzirirwa uye rinogadzirwa muvhu. Nzira yekutora midzi inoitwa kusvikira muna May, kusvikira mapuranga aonekwa, kuitira kuti chimiro chacho chine nguva yokugara zvakanaka nguva yechando chisati chavapo. Kudyara pear Lada muchemo:

yakakodzera kubereka mbeu midhi yemakore 1-2 ane midzi yakasimba ye 20-25 cm;
chikamu chepasi pasi pemuti chakanyoroveswa mumvura kwemaawa maviri uye chakasvibirirwa muvhu chatterbox;
mune gomba reheyo gomba rakagadzirwa ne-diameter ye 1 m uye yakadzika makumi masere makumi manomwe;
Kusvikira pasi mazai 10 anonyorerwa, ayo achapa zvokudya kumuti mugore rokutanga rehupenyu;
chando chehuni chakasungirirwa mukati;
mbeu yacho inodonhedzwa mumugodhi, mutsipa wemikova inofanira kuramba iri pamatanho matanhatu kubva kumusoro kwegomba;
kana uchidyara, muti unokwidziridzwa kuitira kuti ivhu rive;
midzi inopararira uye yakanyatsosaswa yakasviba nevhu, substrate ikangoderedzwa;
pedo negomo chikomo chinoumbwa, kuitira kuti midzi ye midzi isapinda mukati;
kumativi ose mbeu inotenderera, iyo inodurura 3 matangi emvura, ivhu rakazara ne peat kana humus.

Mhando dze mapeji Lada - kutarisira

Kuchengetedza kwakakwana kweparairi yeLada inowanikwa mukunwisa nguva yakakodzera, kutema, kudya. Zvimwe zvinhu zvekurima:

Muti une kusanaya kwemvura uye hazvirevi kunwisa nguva dzose, asi inofanira kuva yakawanda. Kugadziriswa kunoitwa panguva yekusanaya kwemvura kwenguva refu, uyewo pamusana wekukura. Zvadaro mbeu dzose dzechidiki dzinofanira kupiwa mabhakiti maviri emvura, muti mukuru - 4-5. Nekudiridza zviri nani kuita denderedzwa rakakomberedza chitunha chine kuora mwoyo kwemasendimita makumi maviri nemakumi maviri (20 cm). Ipai muti nemhepo uye unyoro hwakadzika usati watanga wechando, ipapo midzi ichakura zvakanaka, uye mbeu inogona kutakura nguva yechando.
Mushure mokudiridza, zvinokurudzirwa kusunungura ivhu kubvisa masora, kuparadza pasi kukura uye kudzorera kugoverwa kwe okisijeni kumidzi.
Nokuda kwechando, muti wemuti unorayirwa kuchenesa, izvo zvichashanda sekudzivirirwa kune zviduku. Pristruilny denderedzwa zviri nani kusasa nemasiteri.

Kutemesa mapepa Lada

Munda weparadhi Lada yakagadzirirwa mukati megore munaMarch kusvikira kupera kwemafuta. Inobvisa chikamu chematare akare, nzira inokubvumira kukurudzira maitiro eitsvo itsva. Mukutanga kwemakore 3-4 ehupenyu, muti unoumbwa neyakarurama korona yakaenzana - mumutambo wekutanga 4 masimba akasimba akasiiwa, achiapfupisa uye nepakati yepakati ne 25%. Pear Lada haina mazhizha echando. Mune ramangwana, mumwaka wekuvhuvhura uye yekuvhura, kutarisirwa kunosanganisira kubvisa matavi akaora, ane utachiona, akabatanidzwa, akare, akasvava, akaonda korona. Chikamu chine uwandu hwepamusoro pe5,5 cm chinoshandiswa nejasi remuti .

Pear Lada - kupisa

Munda weparadhi Lada anoreva zvikamu zviduku zvakasununguka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuti uwedzere kubereka uye kunwa kwechibereko chiri pedyo nayo, unofanira kudyara mamwe marudzi. Chikonzero chikuru chekusarudzwa ndechiitiko chisina kunaka chekufamba kwenguva uye ukuru hwekorona. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu anoita kuti zvibvirire kusakanganiswa nezvibereko nekuda kwekufuridzira kweimwe michero nevamwe. Pear Lada - ndiyo yakanakisisa yekuchera mapurisa: Severyanka, Chizhovskaya, Cosmic, Rogneda. Vane korona shoma. Chikamu pakati pemiti chinofanira kuva mamiriyoni mana (4 m).

Peori yakagadzirwa nemapuroni Lada - fertilizer

Chimwe chikamu chezvinhu izvi zvakasiyana-siyana ndiko kukwirira kwaro kushayikwa kwezvibereko. Mukushayikwa kwepamusoro-soro kunopfeka, muti unotanga kuderera, unogona kurwara uye zvakaoma kuchando. Nemakore maviri kana matatu ehupenyu mbeu inotanga kuvhara. Pear Lada - tsanangudzo yekudya:

Nharaunda yekutanga inoitwa mukati mekupedzisira mushure mekugadzirwa kwemamiriro okunze akaoma panguva yekudzimuka kwetsvo. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa diki: 90 g ye carbamide (kana kuti manyowa emukoko) kwema 7 malita emvura, muti unodururwa mudenderedzwa ne 2-3 matangi ezvakanyorwa.
Mushure mekunge maruva, mbeu yacho inogona kubatanidzwa ne 3 nhovo dze nitroammophoska dzakasanganiswa nemvura 1: 200.
Muzhizha, panguva yekuumbwa kwezvibereko pasi peti, imwe nyanzvi kana slurry inotangwa, ichidzikisa nemvura 1: 6. Kushandiswa kwemuti ndiyo 2 bhakiti pamiti.
Muchikwata, kana mashizha ose apera, anoronga kudya kwechitatu: 15 g ye potassium chloride uye 35 g ye superphosphate inowanikwa mumamita 10 emvura. Chikamu chezvakagadzirirwa zvakakwana kuti uwedzere mamiriyoni ¹ mechipiri chebindu. Pasi pemvura, 140 g yemadota / m ² inogona kuwedzerwa.

Pear Lada - Zvirwere

Bindu pear Lada rinoratidzira kukwirira kusagadzika, bhakitiriya kupisa uye dzimwe zvirwere. Asi nekutadza kwakanyanya uye iye anogona kurwara. Semuenzaniso, kana peji yeLada isingadi kubuda, saka inoshaya mishonga kana huwandu hwavo uye chiyero chacho chakaputsika. Chimwe chikonzero chekushaiwa kwezvibereko kutakura zvipembenene uye zvirwere . Zvinonyanya kuitika kwavari ndezvi:

Brown nzvimbo. Mashizha akafukidzwa neti tsvuku tsvuku. Kurapa, matavi akaora akabviswa, pasi inodzwa. Sekuzvidzivirira mukati megore, muti unotarirwa ne 3% yeBlueeaux musanganiswa musati watunga. Mushure mekudonha kwemakwenzi, mishonga yekugadzira inoshandiswa - Champion, Meteor.
Powdery mildew. Fungus, inoputira mashizha, ovary inowira pasi. Pamashizha pane chidziro chechiedza, icho chinopedzisira chinopinda mumasita machena. Nokuda kwehondo iwe unoda colloidal sulfuri - 25 g / 10 litita emvura. Kuti udzivirire musati watunga, muti unobatwa nefungicide inonzi Learnzol.
Rust. Inowanikwa pamichero nemashizha, mushure mekuwa kwehutu hwemavara hunofanira kuparadzwa. Muti unorapwa neUrea, kupedza 700 gramu yemishonga mu 10 malita emvura.
Hawthorn. Caterpillar, inokuvadza ovary uye mashizha. Miti inobatwa inobatwa neCarbophos.
Aphids, pear candy. Inokuvadza mashizha, anotsvaira, anoyamwa majisi kubva kumiti, mavha mavari anowira pasi. Muchirimo, muti wacho unorapwa neNitrofen - 200 g yemishonga pa 10 malita emvura.