Kuvhara kurwisa chirwere ichi 2017-2018 inzira inobatsira yekuchengetedza hutano nekugara zvakanaka munguva yechando, sezvo chikwata che "kutsamwa" kwechirwere ichi chinotarisirwa nokukurumidza, pakutanga kwechando. Kunyange zvazvo kuchine nguva yekudzivirira muviri wako kubva kune hutachiona, kufunga nezvekudzivirira kunonyanya kukosha kune vanhu vane simba risina simba.
Ndeipi chirwere chinotarisirwa muna 2017-2018?
Nyanzvi dzinofanotaura kuti zvinotevera zvirwere zvefuruza 2017-2018, izvo zvakapararira muzhizha iri muZimbabwe Hemisphere, zvichave zvichishanda munharaunda yenyika yedu:
- H1N1 - "Michigan". Iyi ndiyo mhando itsva yekare yave ichizivikanwa "nguruve" chirwere cheA, chirwere chekutanga chetachiona chakanyorwa zvakare muna 2009. MunaJanuary-Kubvumbi 2016, matambudziko ehutachiona uyu akawanikwa zvakare munharaunda yeRussia. Munguva iyi, vanhu vanopfuura zana vakafa nehosha uye zvinetso zvayo. Ichi chinetso, chinokanganisa vanhu nemhuka, inoratidzirwa nenzira yakaoma uye kukurumidza kushanduka kwemajini.
- H3N2 - "Hong Kong" . Nezvikamu zviduku zvechirwere cheA A fluenza, vanhu "vakasangana" mune kure kure muna 1968, apo vagari venyika yeHong Kong vakava neutachiona hwehutachiona, uye vazhinji vakafa vakafa. Chikonzero chekupararira kwedambudziko iri rainzi shiri dzinofamba-shanduka, semugumisiro wazvainzi "shiri". Munguva yegore ra2012 kusvika ku2013, huwandu hwekufa kwehuwandu hwakaverengwa nokuda kwehutachiona hwemukati. Gore rapera, chirwere ichi chakaparidzirwawo munyika yedu, saka chikamu chevanhu chakatova nekudzivirira maitiro avo.
- Brisbane. Kutanga kuonekwa muAustralia muna 2008, rudzi urwu B hunoratidzwa nehuwandu hwechimiro chekuchinja uye kubuda kwepanyika, saka inofungidzirwa kuti haisi yakashata. Panguva imwecheteyo, pane ngozi yezvinetso pakati pevaya vane chirwere cheBrisbane, uye, nekupiwa kuonekwa kwezvino, kuongorora kwakanyanya, uye hutachiona hunoisa njodzi kuvanhu.
Ndinofanira kuwana chirwere chinoputika here?
Hemukisi ndiyo nzira huru yekudzivirira mukurwisana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, iyo inopa kuiswa kwegore negore kwemishonga. Mushure mokugamuchira chirwere, muviri mushure mechinguva unotanga kugadzira zvidziviriro zvekuchengetedza zvinorwisana nedzimwe tsvina yefivha, izvo zvinoguma zvinenge gore. Kunyange kana hutachiwana mushure mekudzivirira hukaitika (nokuti chirwere hachikwanise kupa chivimbo chakakwana), saka chirwere chacho chinonyorova.
Pasinei neizvi, vanhu vakawanda havanzwisisi kana chirwere chinoputika chinodiwa. Sezvo zvisingabatanidzwi mubhuku rinotarisirwa, munhu mumwe nomumwe anosarudza kana angapfuura nepamuviri kana kwete. Vanachiremba vanongopa mazano, uye, maererano nevakawanda vavo, chirwere chinorwisana nefuru 2017-2018 ndicho chinodiwa kune vose vakuru nevana, kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu yemakore.
Kuchengetedza kurwisa fodhi 2017-2018 - migumisiro
Sezvakaita chero zvirwere, chirwere chinorwisana nefuruwenza 2018 chinosangana nehutano hwekusateerera zvakaipa, asi izvi zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya. Iyo yakawanda yevanhu vakagamuchira chirongwa chepamusoro chekuvhara chirwere maererano nemitemo yose, vashandise nzira inofadza. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kugadzirisa kwemukati kunogona kuitika: kubwinya, kuzvimba, kunyorova uye kunyorova. Pashoma kakawanda kuvarwere kune nguva pfupi inopisa, fever general, zvinogadzirisa zvirwere . Mushure memazuva mashoma, kupindura kwepamusoro kunopfuudza pasina tsanangudzo.
Kuchengetedza kurwisa fukwe 2017-2018 - migumisiro
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chirwere chinotapira chinokonzerwa nezvinetso zvakakomba - zvinetso zvehutano, hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, hutachiona hwehutachiona munzvimbo yehutano hwehutano nezvimwe zvakadaro. Kazhinji izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvikanganiso zvevashandi vanobatanidzwa muchiitiko ichi, vachiregeredza mitemo yejojo, kusachengetedza kwakashata uye kutakura kwemakemikari.
Influenza vaccination for children - do or not?
Vanachiremba vemazuva ano uye vanoongorora zvirwere zvezvirwere vanofananidzira kuti vachengetedze vana vane makore matanhatu. Chirwere chechirwere chevana chinonyanya kukosha kune avo vanoshanyira masangano evana, nguva dzose vanoshanyira nzvimbo dzekuwanda kwevanhu vakawanda (kutakura maguta, polyclinics, mabhizimisi) uye vana vepakutanga, panjodzi yekuwana zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiwana hwakakanyanya zvikuru nekuda kwekusakwana kwekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvirwere. Kubatwa nehutachiona hwevana, zvichienderana nezera, rinowanikwa kaviri nekavha yevhiki masere kana kamwechete.
Kuvhara kurwisa hutachiwana muvakadzi vane pamuviri - kuita kana kwete?
Maererano navanachiremba, chirwere chinorwisana nefivha 2017-2018 pamuviri wakachengeteka uye chinoratidzwa panguva ipi zvayo yekudzivirira. Zviongorori zvakasiyana zvinoratidza kuti kunyanya kurwisa mishonga yemagenza haikwanise kuchinja nguva yekuzvitakura uye kukura kwe fetal, asi zvichidzivirirwa kuchengetedza amai nevana munguva yemberi kubva pamigumisiro yakaipa iyo utachiona hwehutano munguva ino hunosanganisira. Chirwere chemapfupa kuvakadzi vane pamuviri, uyezve, inopedza ngozi yehutachiona hwecheche kwemwedzi mitanhatu kubva pakuberekwa.
Kuvhara kurwisa furo 2017-2018 - nguva yekuitei?
Chirwere cheAntifungal chinofanira kutarisirwa kusati yatanga nguva yehutano, zvichitevera nguva yekukura kwezvidziviriro zvemaviri mumuviri (kwemavhiki maviri kusvika mana). Zvinokurudzirwa kutanga kutanga vachipinda munaSeptember-Oktore, asi hazvina kunonoka kushandisa mushonga unopesana nehupfumi 2017-2018 uye munaNovember-December, nokuti kuputika kwakanyanya kunofanirwa nenyanzvi mumwedzi wechipiri wechando.
Kuvhara kurwisana neHIV - zviratidzo uye zvinopesana
Zviratidzo zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvinotapukirwa nehutachiwana zvizere - zvirwere zvinokurudzirwa kusvika kune vanhu vose. Munyaya iyi, nzira inoda kubvunzurudzwa kwachiremba uye kuonekwa kwemuviri kuitira kuti uone zvinopesana zvenguva pfupi kana zvisingagumi. Kuvhara kurwisa fukirwe 2017-2018 kupikisa kwechimiro chechinguva kune zvinotevera:
- kuwedzera kwezvirwere zvisingaperi;
- chirwere chakanyanya kupararira nefivha;
- Kuchinja kwechangobva kuitika mumamiriro ekunze (ane chokuita nekuenda kunyika dziri kure).
Ngatitsanangurirei zvinopesana zvinowanikwa kune chirwere chepirwere:
- kunyoresa kune zvikamu zvejaira mujeri (zvidzivirira, mapuroteni);
- zvakaratidzwa kare zvakaoma zvinetso zvemashure.
Mukuwedzera, kuramba kubva kunorapwa kunokonzerwa nedzimwe zvikonzero zvakasimbiswa nevanyanzvi pachavo. Nezvevarwere vanorayirwa kuti vachengetedzwe kurwisa fukenza kutanga, zvino vanobatanidza vanhu avo vanochengeterwa mishonga yavo isina simba:
- vanhu vakwegura;
- vana vaduku;
- varwere vane zvirwere zvisingaperi (chirwere cheshuga mellitus, mwoyo kukundikana, zvirwere zveropa, immunodeficiency, bronchial asthma).
Uyezve, kupora kunotevera vanhu vane basa rinopa nguva dzose kusangana nevanhu vakawanda:
- vadzidzisi, vadzidzisi, vadzidzisi;
- vatakuri vekutakura;
- vanachiremba;
- vadzidzi;
- vana vechikoro uye nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Chirwere ichi kupikisa chirwere 2017-2018 - chii chiri nani?
Gore roga roga mishonga yemishonga inobereka zvirwere zvese zvemishonga, uye kuongorora kupararira kwezvirwere zvepachiviri pakati pevanhu uye kufanotaura nezvemabasa emamwe matambudziko munguva inouya mune imwe uye yechipiri hemispheres. Chirwere chepfupa chinogona kuva chimwe chezvinhu zvina:
- kurarama maigadzirirwo ane virus yakaora (inotarisirwa intranasally);
- inactivated full-virion vaccines ane virusi yose isingashandisi;
- Ipai zvirwere zvakaparadzaniswa, zvine protein yezvikamu zvepurogiramu;
- subunit vaccine ane maviri surface virus antigens inodiwa kukudzivirira kusagadzikana.
Urarame uye ose-mhandara yakagadzirirwa muzvigadzirwa zvemavara, anoshandiswa mumakore apfuura, akaratidza kusakwanisa kwavo, ndicho chikonzero ino nguva isiri kushandiswa. Yakanyanya kuchengeteka uye inobudirira iye zvino majekiseni ezvigadziriswa akagadzirirwa pachick embryos kana pane cell cell. Iyi mishonga inozivikanwa nehupamhi hwekunatswa, pasi reactogenicity.
Influenza vaccination - composition
Urarame chirwere chinopesana nehutachiona, chinopesana nevadzimai vane pamuviri nevana vari pasi pemakore matatu, haashandisi nguva ino. Kuvhara kurwisa fukirwe 2017-2018 ndeimwe yemhando mbiri dzezvirwere:
- yakasiyana-siyana-ine matambudziko matatu emirwere inotenderera munharaunda yedu ("Michigan", "Brisbane", "Hong Kong");
- Tetravalent - kusanganisira mukugadzirwa kwaro, kuwedzera kune matambudziko matatu, dambudziko rakaipa rechimiro cheB - Phuket.
Kuvhara kurwisa fukirwe 2017-2018 - zita
Pakusarudza chirwere chekushaya chirwere chinofanira kutungamirirwa nezvirongwa zvechiremba, nokuti zvinodhaka zvakasiyana siyana zvinoratidzwa nekusiyana kwezvikamu uye kune zvimwe zvakasiyana. Nenzira, tsika dzakakwirira kupfuura dzose dzinoonekwa sevatorwa vasiri kunze, asi mazuva ano zvirwere zvemukati hazviregi kumashure pane izvi. Tinodana zvirwere zvakanakisisa zvinopesana nehutachiona 2017-2018:
- Vaxigrip (France);
- Influvac (Netherlands);
- Fluarix (Russia);
- Sovigripp (Russia);
- Grippol, Grippol Plus (Russia);
- Inflexal (Switzerland);
- Agrippa (Italy);
- Begrivac (Germany).