Kudyara utamatisi murairo usingagoni kuputsika kana iwe uchida kukohwa zvakanaka kukohwa

Kudyara kwakanaka kwemasamatisi ndicho chinhu chinokosha pakukohwa zvakanaka. Kugadzirira kuita basa iri, unofanirwa kufunga kuti teknolojia yekushanda musango uye greenhouse yakasiyana. Muchenjeri wekurima anofanira, pamberi pekutanga kwemwaka wegore, kutora chirongwa chekuita, kutenga mbeu, fertilizer nemichina.

Kudyara mbeu yemarata pamichero

Kana iwe uchida kuwana kukohwa kwakanaka kwemasamatisi, iwe unofanirwa kutevera mitemo yakagamuchirwa yakawanda yekudyara tatei pamichero. Izvi zvinotanga nekugadzirisa ivhu uye mbeu inodzivirira. Ivhu rakanaka rinowanikwa nekusanganisa peat (2 zvikamu), munda kubva mubindu (1 chikamu), peregrivshego humus (1 chikamu) uye jecha (0.5 chikamu). Iyo inofadza kubvisa mbeu mbeu 1% ye potassium permanganate kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu kana mumhinduro yeFitosporin.

Mamiriro ekutanga ekuwana michero yakanaka yemamatisi:

1. Kuiswa kwebhokisi kumaodzanyemba kumawindo.
2. Nokushayikwa kwechiedza, kumanikidzwa kwechiedza chezvirimwa.
3. Kupisa kwezuva nezuva kunosvika 18 ° C kusvika 25 ° C.
4. Uchitonhodza husiku hunobva 12 ° C kusvika 18 ° C.
5. Kunwisa nemvura yakasvibira kana mvura yakanyorova.
6. Kusvikira mashizha aonekwa, mabhokisi aya akafukidzwa ne polyethylene uye inosvina ivhu kubva pfuti yepfray.
7. Isu tinobvisa hugaro hwekugara mushure mekugadzirisa mbeu dzekutanga.
8. Ukudiridza kwekutanga kunopera mazuva mashomanana mushure mekukura kwemahombekombe, kudiridza kunowanzogara kwemichero kunoitwa sezvo nyika inopera.

Kudyara nguva yekutarisa kunomera

Pakuiswa kwembeu zvinoratidza mazuva ekudyara, asi chaizvoizvo unoda kurongedza maererano nemamiriro ako munzvimbo yako. Tinocherechedza kuti nguva yakakwana yekudyara mbeu mazuva makumi matanhatu. Nguva yekuchera nyanya pamichero inobva kune zvakasiyana-siyana maitiro eimwe tomato. Iwe unogona kutevera mazuva anotevera akaenzana eUkraine uye Middle Russia:

1. Kwemasera akare uye ekupedzisira - kubva pamakore gumi ekutanga aFebruary kusvika March 10.
2. Mazuva okudyara kwekutanga uye mashizha tomato marudzi anobva kubva 10 kusvika 20 March.
3. Kuenda kwemaTamato ekutanga-echando - izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvine nguva yekubereka zvakanaka kunyange panguva yekudyara mumazuva okutanga eApril, izvo zvinobvumira kukura michesi kumaodzanyemba kwewindo risina kujekesa.

Kudyara utamatisi pane mbeu mumucheka

Mukurimwa kwemotokari yematoriki, unogona kufunga nzira dzakawanda dzekudyara mbeu yemarata pamichero, iyo inogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kuwana michina yakasimba yeunofarira tsika. Nyokono iyi pakombiyuta yakagadzirwa. Inogona kunyatsotsiva bhokisi rose, uye rinobatsira zvikuru pakudyara mbeu shoma yembeu. Ita iri muchimiro chemupumburu wechipfupa chakacheka chembambo pasi pemarara uye michero yevhu. Isu tinoisa snail pachiganda, tinosima tomato, uye tinosasa mbeu nevhu nekuisa mudziyo wedu munzvimbo inotonhora.

Kudyara utamatisi pamichero mu peat mapiritsi

Kana uine nhamba shomanana yembeu uye pane chido chokura miche kunze kwekutsvaga kwekupedzisira, zvino zvakakunakira iwe kudyara mbeu yemuchere mu peat mapiritsi . Tomato muchitsauko chinotevera inogona kutumirwa nyore nyore mumudziyo kusvika kusvika ku1 litita pamwe chete nejasi substrate, pasina kukuvadza midzi midzi. Zvinokurudzirwa kutenga mahwendefa kubva 33 mm kusvika 36 mm muhupamhi, kudyara mbeu 2 muga roga roga. Mune ramangwana, chipinha chisina simba chinomera. Kupisa uye magetsi zvakachengetwa nekuda kweiyi mbeu mumutambo wemamiriro.

Kudyara utamatisi muzvinomera

Vafambi vekutanga vanofanira kunyatsoteerera mitemo yekudyara utamatisi mumagetsi, zvikanganiso zvakaitwa zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwezvirimwa kana kunyange kukanganisa zvakakwana kana kusarudzwa kwemicheu. Muimba yakavharwa, iwe unofanirwa kuchengeta ventiroyo, uchiita mahwindo pasi pedenga uye kubva kumagumo echo chivako. Zvakakosha kuedza kuvhenekera nekukwanisa kudyara nemasana nemarambi, kuitira kuti michero inogamuchira huwandu hwechiedza uye usingaiti mumvuri.

Nhanho huru dzekudyara tato mu greenhouse:

1. Kugadzikana kwevhu - tinogovana pamabhedha, tichifunga nezvehukuru hwekamuri. Inenge yakareba yegomba iri masendimita 40, uye yakafara 60-90 masikati.
2. Substrate gadziriro - kana iwe une ivhu ivhu, rinodikanwa kuideredza ne peat, humus uye wood sawdust (10 l / m ² ).
3. Fertilizer - iwe unogona kuisa pamwe chete pamusoro pe 1 m ² yevhu 2 zviko zve superphosphate uye spoonful ye potassium munyu, saka ivhu rinofanira kunge rakanyatsochera.
4. Kudonhedzwa kwevhu - shanho inopisa ye potassium permanganate mumusana we 1 g / 10 l, iyo inofanira kudururwa mu 1 litre pamvura.
5. Kudyara utamatisi - mbeu yakasimwa yakasimwa yakananga kusvika pakadzika kwenyika pasi nemidzi, uye michero yakakura - kusvika pakadzika 2 zvibato zvekare. Chokutanga, chengetedza pasi nevhu remidzi, uye shure kwemazuva 10-12 - chengetedza mbeu kumunda wevhu.

Kudyara nguva yezvirimwa nyanya yekunomera

Kudyara uye kukura utamatisi muzvinomera zvinoshandiswa zvakakomba, zvakawanda zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze, kuvapo kwekushisa kwekugadzira uye zvinhu kubva pane denga uye masvingo echigadzirwa ichi. Nguva yebasa iri inofanira kuchinjwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze. Somuenzaniso, kuMiddle Russia, unogona kutarisa pamazuva anotevera:

1. Inochengetedza magadziro akareruka evepo nehupo hwekushisa kwekugadzirira - makore gumi ekupedzisira eApril.
2. Mhuru isina kupisa mukati - makore gumi ekutanga aMay.
3. Goroji kubva mufirimu pasina hugaro hwekuwedzera - kutanga kwemakore gumi ekuMay.

Nzira dzekudyara nyanya mumuchero

Kutora chikamu chakanakisisa paunodyara utamatisi muzvinomera, iwe haufaniri kuita mashuwo akawandisa kuti uchengetedze nzvimbo. Izvi zvinoguma nekushaikwa kwesimba rezuva kuitira kukura uye kunowedzera dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwetamato kushi ne fungi kana mabhakitiriya. Kune kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwezvirongwa zvokudyara tate, asi inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndiyo inofanana uye chess nzira yekuisa makomba, uye upamhi hwemufaro uri mu greenhouse inenge 60 cm.

Kudyara mararamiro eti tomato zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana:

1. Kudyara utamatisi wemhando dzakadzika-dzinokurudzirwa kuita mitsara miviri, kureba pakati pemiganhu - 60 cm, kusiyana pakati pemiseve - 40 cm.
2. Pamusana-stem tomato tomato, mashizha akaoma anogona kushandiswa, achisiya kure pakati pematsime anenge anenge masendimita 30 uye nzvimbo pakati pemiganhu ye 50 cm.
3. Trefu miti inoda nzvimbo yakawanda, ichisiya kure pakati pavo kubva pa 60 cm, uye pakati pemiganhu - kubva pa75 cm.

Kudyara utamatisi muvhu rakavhurika

Vanhu vanogadzira miriwo vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudyara nyanya muvhu rakavhurwa, asi chero zvakadaro, iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera nguva yakanakisisa uye kushandiswa kwakasimba uye kunowanzogadzirwa michero yekushanda. Mbeu dzakanaka panguva yekudonha dzine urefu hwemasentimita makumi maviri uye dzine 7-9 mashizha ane utano. Zvakawanda zvinosarudza kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo iyo yakarongwa kudyara tamatato. Edza kusashandisa ndima iri munzvimbo dzakadzika, uko mvura yepasi iri pedyo nekusvibisa kusvibiswa nemidzimu yakaipa. Dhaka rakakodzera inobata 6-6.7 pH.

Kugadzirira ivhu rokudyara nyanya mbeu

Kudyarwa kwevhu zvakanyanyisa kunobata zvibereko zvebindu iri. Edza kudzivisa kudyara utamatisi mushure mekutengesa mbatatisi uye dzimwe nightshade tsika. Inokurudzirwa kushandisa pa 1m ² mabheji kusvika 10 malita e humus uye 10 malita e peat. Senzoro, 2 zvipupuri zve superphosphate uye pasi matanda ash zvinowanikwa munzvimbo ino. Mumubvunzo wekurapa ivhu musati matyara marata, shanduko inopisa ye potassium permanganate inoshandiswa, iyo inodiridza mubindu kwemazuva anenge mashanu isati yasvika yekugadzirwa kwekutsvaira.

Kudyara mbeu inotora muvhu rakavhurika

Nguva yekudyara kwevamato mujinga muvhu rakazaruka zvakananga zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze ari munharaunda yako. Zvinokurudzirwa kutanga kushanda pakushambadzika kwemhepo yakadziya yekutengesa kwe15 ° C, muchitonhora mamiriro okunze, tomato haatombogadziriswa uye anorwara. Zviri nani kudyara nyanya pamasikati uye masikati manheru.

Inotarisira kubzala tomato muvhu:

1. Nzvimbo yakakosha yekudya ye tomato shrub inobva ku 0.3 m ² .
2. Pakati pemakomba inobva kure nemamita 40 cm, musiyano pakati pemitsara - hafu yemamita.
3. Uhu hwakaita hwomukati wemutsara wemutsara miviri ndeye 1 m.
4. Makominisi anoita uswa hwekanyanyisa kudarika phari yezvirimwa. Kunze kwezvibereko - mbeu dzakasvibirira nemhando dzakakura, izvo zvinowanikwa muvhu iri pasi pechidimbu chiduku, kusasa chikamu chedu nevhu.
5. Pakuguma kwekudyara, shandisa mabhasi edu, kuti tidzivirire kubva kumhepo, nguva dzose tishandise garter pamatanda.

Kudyara mbeu yemarata muvhu rakavhurika

Kune vagari venyika yekumaodzanyemba pane imwe nzira inogona kukura iyi mbeu - kudyara matamato zvakananga muvhu nembeu. Nenzira iyi, muridzi webindu anogamuchira chirimwa kwemavhiki mashomanana gare gare, asi anogamuchira zvimwe zvibatsiro: dambudziko nekukanya, kudyarwa uye kubviswa rinobviswa. Mumakore anodziya, mbeu dzinobata mukukura kwezvirimwa, zvinotora nguva kuchinja, uye kupa zvibereko zvakakwana.

Nzira yekudyara mbeu yemarato muvhu:

1. Tinowedzera kukanganisa kwekuchera mbeu nekukwira kwamaawa gumi nemaviri mukura kukura nekusimudza.
2. Mumumatsime, ayo anorongerwa maererano nehuwandu hwechirongwa chevhu rakavhurika, mbeu gumi nemasere dzakasimwa.
3. Kudzika kwekudyara - kusvika 4 cm.
4. Pasi rinofanira kunge rakanyanyiswa nemaoko.
5. Mvura isati yatanga kuonekwa isingadiwi.
6. Muchikamu chemashizha maviri tinoita kudonha, zvakakosha kuti tibvise mimwe michero, asi kuti tiipedze neminwe.