Temples of Indonesia

Indonesia - ndiyo nyika yakakura yechitsuwa, iyo nyika dzayo dzinoshambidzwa nemvura yeIndia nePacific Oceans. Pano, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye hupfumi netsika , uye temberi dzakasiyana-siyana dzeIndonesia - ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero chokuuya munyika ino.

Kune zvivako zvakawanda zvechitendero muIndonesia: maTemberi, masangano, machechi, mapurisa uye mapurisa ose ezvitendero. Pakati pavo pane zvose zviri ma tempile zvino uye yakavharwa uye yakachengetedzwa, iyo nhasi haisi yechitendero chete asiwo yakagadzirirwa uye yezvakaitika mhemberero. Nokuva mahedheni, temberi muIndonesia ndiKaturike, Buddhist uye Hindu.

Catholic Temples of Indonesia

Chechi yeKaturike muIndonesia yakaonekwa munguva pfupi yapfuura. Anenge makore 100-150 akapfuura, vatorwa vanobva kuEurope vakatanga kutenga nyika nekuvaka zvikoro zveKaturike, seminari nemachechi. Zvakakosha kukurudzira machechi anotevera eKaturike mu Indonesia:

1. St. Peter's Cathedral muBanung , kereke yechitendero cheDautung. Iyo temberi inomira pane nheyo dzegadziriro yekare yechechi yaSt. Francis. Dare rekereke rakavakwa maererano nemuumbi wemuvakirati kubva kuHolbert Charles Wolff Shemaker. Kuzvitsaurira kwechivako chitsva kwakaitwa musi waFebruary 19, 1922.
2. IKathedral yemuMhandara Wakaropafadzwa Mariya muguta reB Bogor , kereke huru ye diocese, inonzi ndiyo temberi huru pane chitsuwa cheJava. Muvambi wechechi yeRoma aiva mubhishopi weNetherlands, Adam Carolus Klassens. Chivako chechivako chinove chakavezwa nemifananidzo yeMadonna nevana.
3. Kedhedral yeAkaroora Mhandara Maria muguta reSemarang , kereke yeChechi yeDhearang. Inosanganiswa mune urongwa hwekukosha kwetsika dzeIndonesia. Temberi yakavakwa panzvimbo yechechi yekare yeparende muna 1935.

Hindu Temberi dzeIndonesia

Sezvimwe kune dzimwe nzvimbo munyika, maHindu matemberi pazvitsuwa zveIndonesia anoshamiswa nekunaka kwavo uye kunoshamisa. Zvinhu zvinotevera zvekuvakwa kwechiHindu zvinozivikanwa zvikuru nevashambadziri nevashanyi:

1. Garuda Vishnu Kenchana ipaki yega yeBukit Peninsula, iyo inotaura nezvechifananidzo chikuru kuna mwari Vishnu munyika - 146 m. ​​Zvakagadzirwa zvakasikwa hazvikwanise kuungana, asi zvatova kutora vazhinji vatendi. Mupaki, zvakagadzirirwa musoro, zvakasiyana, uye chifananidzo chaVishnu mukutarisira kwegungano.
2. Gedong Songo - imba huru yakakura, iri pakati pechitsuwa cheJava . Iyo yakaoma inosanganisira 5 temberi. Yakavakwa mumakore eVIII-IX BC. munguva yeumambo hwaMataram. Zvose temberi dzakanga dzakagadzirwa nedombo rekuputika uye ndiwo mahedheni ekare echiHindu pachiwi cheJava. Nzvimbo yeTemberi nhamba 3 iri yakaoma yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo yevarindi.
3. Chandi - iyo inonzi iyo dzose matembere ekutanga echiHinduism uye Buddhism, yakavakwa muEndonesia yekare. Vanochera matongo vanocherechedza mamwe masvingo ekugadzirwa kwezvikwata zvekuvakwa kwemaIndia yekare uye zvikamu zvetsika dzekare. Zvose zvivako zvivakwa zvizere, zvikwereti kana zvipenga zvakagadzirwa nechepamusoro-soro uye chikwata chinogadziriswa zvakasiyana-siyana. Muenzaniso unofadza zvikuru ndeye shrines yaDieng neBorobudur . Chivako chimwe nechimwe chaive temberi uye nzvimbo yekuvigwa yevatongi vekare.
4. Prambanan inhare yakawanda yematemberi eCandi, yakatarwa kare kare. Prabmanan iri mumoyo wechitsuwa cheJava. Zvichida yakavakwa muzana remakore rechi10 munguva yeMataram. Kubvira muna 1991 iyo inzvimbo yeUNESCO World Heritage Site. Maererano nenheyo, iyo yose yakaoma yetemberi yakavakwa nekuda kwekusava nehanya rudo se temberi ine zvifananidzo 1000.
5. Besaki - temberi yematemberi, iri panzvimbo yakakwirira ye1 km pamusoro pegungwa pakati pemakore. Nguva yetembere inopfuura makore 3 000, iyo yakaoma inosanganisira makumi maviri makumi maviri ematemberi akasiyana nemazita ega uye zvinangwa. Nharaunda yedambudziko iri yakashongedzwa nenhamba yakawanda yemifananidzo inoratidza madhimoni uye vanamwari. Tembere iri kushanda, asi vaHindu ndivo vanogona kupinda.

Mabuddhist Temples eIndonesia

Temberi dzisinganzwisisiki uye yekare yeBuddhist complexes ndiyo yakakura zvikuru zvivako munzvimbo yeIndonesia. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pezvesayenzi uye vatashanyi ndeyokuti:

1. Borobudur isimba guru reBuddha uye temberi huru yakakura yeMahayana Buddhism tsika. Yakavakirwa pachitsuwa cheJava pakati pe750 ne850, chikwata cheBorobudur inzvimbo yekufambira vanhu vakawanda. Iine 8 tiers. Pamusoro pane makumi matanhatu nematanhatu emhando yebhero, mukati maro mune 504 Buddha zvifananidzo uye 1460 zvechitendero-reliefs. Temberi yakawanikwa mumatongo pasi pezvikamu zvehutu hwemakomo muna 1814. Mumufananidzo uyu, akamira kwemakore anenge 800.
2. Imba yekare ye Muaro Jambi iri pachiwi che Sumatra . Zvichida yakavakwa muna XI-XIII yezana AD. Inzvimbo yezvakawanda zvekuchera matongo. Zvinotendwa kuti iyi ndiyo yakakura pane yekare yakawanda yeBuddhist tempile makamuri munzvimbo yose yeSoutheast Asia. Yakawanda yemutemberi ichiri mumasango akaoma. Iyo yakaoma yakavakwa nematombo matsvuku, yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo nemifananidzo.
3. Bhudhist temple temu Muara Takus ndomumwe wematemberi akare uye akachengetedzwa zvikuru echitsuwa che Sumatra. Icho chiyeuchidzo chenyika uye pakati pezvakawanda zvekugadzirwa kubva muna 1860. Zvose zvakakomba zvakakomberedzwa norusvingo rwematombo nemakona. Mumadziro eTemberi pane 4 Buddhist stupas. Zvose zvivakwa zvakavakwa nemhando mbiri dzezvinhu: ibwe rekundu uye sandstone.
4. Brahmavihara Arama ndiyo yakawanda yeBuddhist tempile pachitsuwa cheBali . Inoshanda, yakavakwa muna 1969. Chivako chacho chinoshongedzwa maererano netsika dzose dzeBuddhism: shongwe dzakanaka dzemukati, maruva akawanda uye zvinomera, zvidhori zvegoridhe zveBuddha, mapuranga emarangi.