Kubvira pamwedzi mitatu, vana vakapiwa DPT kakawanda. Chimwe chezvikamu zvayo ndezvemapiritsi e-pertussis (muzvishoma zvishoma). Pasina kupora, mikana yemwana yekugadzirisa mabhakitiriya aya inowedzera zvinoshamisa, sezvinoita zviito zvekugadzirisa zvinetso zvinokuvadza.
Pertussis - Chirwere ichi chii?
Zita rehutachiona rinobva kuFrench "la coqueluche", izwi re onomatopoeic rinoreva jongwe kuchema kana kukurira kwekuku. Muchirapa, pane tsanangudzo yakajeka yehupi yekukandira chifuva - chirwere chinotapukira chinotapukira chepamusoro chekufema, icho chinokonzerwa nemaabhakitiriya chaiwo. Chirwere chacho chinoratidzirwa nehutachiona hwehutano pamwe nekushungurudzwa kwepasmodic yekukanganiswa kukuru.
Anofukura chifuva - Zvinokonzera
Izvi zvinokonzera chironga chegam-hasi, chinonyatsopfurikidzwa nemadonhwe emhepo. Iyo causative agent yekukandira chifukidziro bhakitiriya aerobic Bordetella pertussis. Iyo haisi yakasiyana nekudzikama kwezvakatipoteredza, kushambidzika uye kunhuhwa mamiriro ezvinhu zvakanakisisa muupenyu hwayo, izvo zvinotsanangura nguva yehutachiona (kunyanya mutambo uye yekuvhuvhuta). Zvakakosha kuona mhuka inopararira panguva yakakodzera kuvana, zviratidzo uye kurapwa kwehutachiona huri nyore mukutangira kwechirwere chacho. Kana zvisina kudaro, zvinetso zvakakomba zvinogona kuitika.
Pertussis - incubation period
Mushure mekushamwaridzana kwepedyo nemumwe munhu anorwara, mwana haangoiti zviratidzo zvechipatara zvirwere. Pertussis muvana vanotanga kusvika muchivande. Mabhakitiriya anowedzera kukonzera micheche yechipfuva, uye mukuita basa rinokosha vanobudisa chepfu inokonzera zviratidzo zvakananga. Nguva yekudzivirira ndeyemazuva mashanu kusvika ku5-9, kazhinji inowedzera kumazuva makumi maviri.
Chii chinokuvadza kukanganisa kuora?
Pasina kupera panguva yakakodzera, inorondedzerwa chirwere inokonzera migumisiro yakakomba. Kunyanya mucheche, kukwezva kunokera kune ngozi kune vana, zviratidzo uye kurapwa mumucheche zvakaoma kuongorora uye kusarudza. Pakati pevana vachipfuura mwedzi yekutanga, kune mikana yakareba yehutano hunouraya. Chii chinokuvadza kukanganisa kuora kwevana:
- pneumonia ;
- kumisa kufema;
- encephalopathy;
- matsi;
- kunetseka;
- kuora mwoyo kwakagumburwa;
- kuwa kwepapu kana lobe yayo;
- kukudzwa kworurimi rurimi;
- ruptured eardrum;
- emcutaneous emphysema;
- pneumothorax pakarepo;
- acidosis;
- paresis yemakumbo emitsipa;
- hernia (inguinal, umbilical);
- bronchiolitis nevamwe.
Zviratidzo zveKuputira Mucheche Mucheche
Chirwere chemakiriniki pakarepo mushure mekutachiona uye panguva yekudzivirira nguva isipo. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekukandira chifukidzo zvinowanikwa mushure memazuva 4-20 kubva panguva yeutachiona. Kuoma kwavo uye kuwanda kwavo kunobva pane zvinoitika zvemwana uye kushanda kwemasimba ezvirwere. Chirwere chechirwere chepfungwa chinowedzera chinopindirana nechikamu chekufambira mberi kwayo.
Pertussis Periods
Pane zvikamu zvitatu zvinoshanda zvekugadzirwa kwechirwere ichi. Zviratidzo uye kurapwa zvinoenderana nenguva yekufambira mberi mukukandira chifukidziro muvana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zviratidzo zvokutanga zvehutano nevabereki hazvina hanya. Chokutanga, pertussis yakafanana neA ARI kana ARVI. Nhanho dzekudzivirira kupararira kwemufaro wokufema:
- Catarrhal (prodromal). Mamiriro evana anogutsa. Zvishoma kuwedzera kutonhora kwemuviri, pane malaise, kuzvidya mwoyo, kuvhiringidzika kwehope. Pane kuora mwoyo kwakakomba uye kuneta kunotonhora, periodic headache.
- Spasmodic. Zviratidzo zvinowedzera, kurapwa kwakakwana hakubatsiri. Nekuda kweizvi nguva inoratidzwa nekurwiswa kwechikanda chakasiyana. Mumazuva echeche mwana anonzwa kunzwa mukati mehuro, manzwiro ekutya, kushungurudzika mubhokisi. Kudengenyeka kwemagetsi kwakasimba zvikuru, kushandura nemhepo inoputika uye inotyisa kufema. Munguva yokurwisa vana, chiso chinoderera, mitsipa iri pamutsipa inodonha, mitsipa yeropa inoonekwa mumaziso, pane salivation uye kuchema, dzimwe nguva ganda rinova bluish-pale. Mushure mekukanganiswa kwemafasimusi, shoma shoma yeviscous transparent sputum inotsvaga.
- Kuwana (kugadziriswa). Nokurapa kwakakodzera, kuoma kwezviratidzo zvishoma nezvishoma kunoderera. Vana vane zvishoma zvishoma, asi kushaya simba, kusagadzikana nekukanganiswa zviripo kwenguva yakareba. Nguva yegadziriro iyi masvondo maviri kusvika ku8.
Chikoro nekukandira chifukidziro
Iyo yakasimba uye hupenyu hwechiratidzo ichi chekurwara chinotarisana nenguva yenguva yaro. Kutanga, kuora kwechiedza chakaoma chinosangana nekukanganiswa kwevana, zviratidzo uye kurapwa pamusana pekutanga zvinowanzoregwa, nokuti vabereki vanoona kurwara kwemwana sechando kana kuti hypothermia. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kliniki inowedzera. Chirwere chekukandira chifuva chinokonzera chifuva nezvimwe zvinotevera:
- rutsva rwemashoko mapfupi (2-15 maitiro);
- kuvapo kwekudzokorora - kufema kunotyisa kunoperekedzwa nekuridzira;
- cyanotic face coloration, puffiness;
- kukura kwekusuruvara;
- kupfufidza kwekanguva kunomira;
- kuzvimba kwemidziyo yeropa pamutsipa, chiso mumeso;
- kubudiswa kwepisitusous sputum pakuguma kwekurwa;
- chironda pamatomu echimi;
- hoarseness of voice;
- kurutsa.
Rash nekukandira chifukidziro
Izvozvo hazvina kuonekwa kana chepachiratidzo cheganda pane zvakatsanangurwa nezvirwere. Izvo zvisingawanzoitiki mune dzimwe nzvimbo zvinotaridzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kugunun'una, uye zviratidzo zvecheche dzimwe nguva zvinosanganisira kuputika kwemhepo. Ichi ndicho chiduku chinokonzera kupisa, zvichibva pakuparara kwema-capillaries mune epidermal layer panguva yekukanganiswa. Vanozozvigadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma.
Kuongororwa kwe pertussis
Pane nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekusimbisa kufambira mberi kwehutano hwakakosha. Kutanga iwe unoda kuona vanachiremba:
- therapist;
- otolaryngologist;
- infectiologist.
Mushure mekubvunzurudzwa uye anamnesis, nyanzvi dzichatumira mwana ku laboratori kana zvidzidzo zvekushandisa. Nzira yakakosha yekuongororwa ndeye kuongorora kwekukandira chifukidziro kuti iparadzise pathogen. Sezvinyorwa zvekudzidza, smear kubva pa pharynx kana expectorated sputum panguva yekukanganiswa kwekutora inotorwa. Kuongororwa uku kunongovimbika chete mumavhiki ekutanga ekufambira mberi kwezvirwere. Mwedzi mushure moutachiona, bhakitiriya Bordetella pertussis haigoni kuve yakasarudzwa.
Uyezve, ropa re pertussis rinoongororwa nenzira dzakawanda:
- General analysis. Zvakakosha kuzivisa zviratidzo zvechirwere chekuvhiringidza mumuviri - kukwirira kwakakura kweleukocyte uye lymphocytes.
- Immunoenzyme analysis (ELISA). Kuratidza kuedza, iyo inopupurira pakarepo kana kupikisa kuvapo kwekukandira chifukidziro.
- Izvo zvinoitika uye zvakananga hemagglutination (RPGA neRNGA). Zvirwere zvepamuviri kune causative agent yezvirwere zvinoratidzwa.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Kukura kwebhakitiriya mune zvigadzirwa zvemuviri kwemazuva mazhinji.
Pertussis - kurapwa
Chipatara chinotarisirwa chinodikanwa chete nechimiro chepakati uye chakakomba chechirwere, kuuraya vana. Kurapa kwekukandira chifukidziro muvana kunoitwa pamba nemazano anotevera:
- Isolate mwana kusvikira apararira.
- Kuchenesa kwezuva nezuva kwekamuri remwana.
- Chengetedza mhepo yakadzika uye kutonhora kwemaawa pa18-20 degrees.
- Anogara achidanidzira, achiita kuti kubuda kwemhepo.
- Zvimwe zvakatakura muviri uye zvepfungwa.
- Kudya kwakanyanyisa nekoriori yakakwana yevhithamini nemaminerari. Izvo zvinodikanwa kune zvokudya zvakachena, zvipe iyo inonaya chete.
- Zvimwe zvinwiwa.
- Kufamba maawa 1-2 1-2 nguva pazuva (kana mwana asiri iye anokonzera utachiona).
Ndiani anokora chifuva - chii chaunofanira kuita kana zvichiitika?
Kana chirwere chacho chinomhanya pasina zvinetso, hapana zviito zvakakosha zvinodiwa kutorwa.
Nzira dzakajeka dzekubvisa kukora nekukanganiswa kwekukandira
- Wedzera humidity muimba.
- Ita mwana wacho mhepo yakachena.
- Dyara mwana ugozviisa mberi.
- Dzorera kumashure kuti uite kuti kubudiswa kunokonzera.
- Shandisai compress inotonhora panzvimbo yemhino.
Kana pane zviratidzo zvekushaiwa kweioksijeni, kushayiwa simba, iwe unofanira kubva watumidza boka rekurapa kwekukurumidzira. Nyanzvi dzinoshandisa nzira dzakanyanyisa, nzira yekurapa kukwezva kunokera muvana:
- mapapiro emapapu ekuputika;
- majekiseni ekuwedzera kwemavhithamini B1, B6 neC;
- kushandiswa kwekutengesa kweSeduxen.
Mishonga ne pertussis
Kushandisa zvinodhaka kunogona kusarudzwa uye kusarudzwa chete nachiremba maererano nesero rekuvandudzwa kwehutano, hutsinye. Kurapa kwepartussis kuvana vane antibiotic inogadziriswa chete munguva yecatarrha. Gare gare, mabhakitiriya-zvirwere zvinoratidzika zvakasununguka kubva pachimiro nekubatsirwa nekukanganiswa uye kupatsanurwa kweputi. Antimicrobial agents anoshandiswa:
- Flemoxin ;
- Ampicillin;
- Erythromycin;
- Augmentin;
- Sumamed ;
- Gentamycin nevamwe.
Zvimwe maitiro emasvomhu, maitiro ekurapa kugunzva kunyorera, kuratidza kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvinotevera chete nokuda kwechiremba chiremba:
- antitussives (Kodelak, Sinekod );
- Neuroleptics (Propazine, Aminazine);
- benzodiazepines (tizanidine, baclofen);
- antihistamine mishonga (Suprastin, Pipolphen);
- corticosteroid hormones (Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone).
Physiotherapy inobatsirawo kubvisa kukanganiswa kwevana, zviratidzo uye kurapwa zvinoshandiswa ne:
- oksijeni inhalations;
- kushambadzira kwemashure nebhokisi, izvo zvinovandudza expectoration;
- kuporesa gymnastics;
- inhaled nebulizer .
Uyo anogunzva chifuva - folk nzira dzokurapa muvana
Zvose zvinogona kurapwa zvinotarisirwa kuvandudza kushandiswa kwemafuro, kubvisa zvirwere kubva mumuviri. Kurapa kwakakurumbira kwekukandira chikwama kunobudisa zvinotevera zvinoguma:
- kubviswa kwepasimusi yepfuti yekupumha uye tambo dzezwi;
- kubudirira kwekupema;
- kuderedza zviratidzo zvechirwere;
- kumira kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- kubika kwekuvhiringidza nzira.
Kurwiswa kwemishonga kwekukandira chifuva muvana
Zvisungo :
- mudzi we elecampane uri 100 g;
- michero yekorianderi - 100 g;
- majikiri uye chibage bark - 100 g;
- St. John's Wort - 100 g;
- calendula maruva - 100 g;
- akasimuka mahudyu - 100 g;
- eucalyptus mashizha - 100 g;
- Peppermint - 100 g;
- mvura inopisa - 500 ml.
Kugadzirira, kushanda
- Sakanisa zvose zvinoshandiswa.
- Isa mu thermos 2 tbsp. makapu ekuunganidza.
- Vadururire nemvura yakatsva.
- Simbisa maawa 8-10, iwe unogona kubva usiku.
- Shingairira mhinduro.
- Ipa mwana chikamu chechitatu chegorosi kupindira 3-4 nguva pazuva.
Inwa kuti upore pertussis
Zvisungo :
- mukaka - 1 girazi;
- garlic - 5 denticles;
- uchi - 0,5 tsp.
Kugadzirira, kushanda
- Girai garlic, durai mudiki makubhi.
- Bika mumukaka kwemaminitsi 3-5 (pane moto wakadzika).
- Dzvinyirira kunwa, kunwa neuchi.
- Ipa mwana chikamu chiduku masikati.
Miti yemucheka kubva kune zviratidzo zvekukandira chifukidziro muvana
Zvisungo :
- Mashizha emuti - 1 tbsp. spoon;
- mvura - 1 girazi;
- cherry jamu - kuravira.
Kugadzirira, kushanda
- Dururira uswa hwakabikwa hwakapwanyika uswa wewaini.
- Simbisa maawa maviri.
- Simbisa mishonga.
- Gadzira nejamu (uchida).
- Vana vanopa 1 tbsp. kapu yemishonga kwemaminitsi makumi maviri vasati vadya, 4 kana pazuva.
Prophylaxis of pertussis
Nzira chete inobatsira yekudzivirira utachiona ndiyo kurwisa nguva yakakodzera. Ikoko chirwere chakachengetedzwa kurwisana nekukanganiswa kuri DTP . Mukuwedzera kune chirwere ichi, chinoshanda sekudzivirira dhiphtheria uye tetanus. Injo yekutanga inowanikwa pamwedzi mitatu. Revaccination inosanganisira 2 mamwe maitiro, iyo nguva pakati pemishonga inemavhiki matanhatu. Iwe unogona kutora DPT nemamwe madhiragi:
- Tetrakok;
- Infanriks;
- Triazeliuvaks;
- Pentaxim;
- Tetraksim.