Mhando dzepineumonia muvana
Kunzwisisa kuti chii chinonzi chirema chiri mumwana hachipi mufananidzo wakakwana wehutachiona uye nzira dzekurapa. Kuvhiringidza kwemapapu kunogona kunge kune etiology yakasiyana uye nzvimbo yaunogara. Kurisa chirwere ichi kunogona kuita sezvizvi:
- Munzvimbo yekubva:
- nosocomial;
- vanhu-vakawana;
- perinatal.
- inotarisa - nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa zviri pachena (inenge inenge 1 cm). Foci inogona kuva isina kuroora uye yakawanda;
- segmental - zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemapapu zvinopisa;
- croupous - kukundwa kunoputika lobe wepapu;
- zvinyorwa - zvinoshandiswa zvinogadzikana zvinopisa.
- bhakitiriya - kuputika kunotsamwiswa nekuiswa kwepathogenic mabhakitiriya. Aya ndiwo pneumococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Hemophilus uye Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella;
- hutachiona - hutachiona hunoderedza nzira dzekudzivirira uye kukurudzira kusungirirwa nokukurumidza kwehutachiona hwehutachiona;
- atypical - inoitika semugumisiro wehutachiona ne chlamydia, mycoplasma, legionella;
- chido - chinokura kana muviri wekunze, mvura kana kuti zvokudya zvinopinda mumuti webronchial.
- acute;
- protracted.
Zviratidzo zvepineumonia mumwana
Chipatara zviratidzo zvekuputika zvinoenderana nemhando yepathogen, chiyero chekupararira kwegadziriro uye yezera. Pneumonia muzvidzidzo zvevana nevakuru vane chimiro chakataurwa:
- kutonhora kwemuviri kwakakwirira uye kunoramba kwenguva yakareba;
- kune kukanganisa, kuora kwakadzika;
- Kufema kunowedzera nokukurumidza, mavhiri anonzwika;
- apo inorodza, mutsara wegwenzi unobatanidzwa;
- iyo nasolabial triangle inowana mumvuri we cyanotic, mitezo inoputika, moyo yevhiri yakarashika, mwana anotuka, anokurumidza kuneta;
- mwana anoramba zvokudya, anorasikirwa nehutatu hwemuviri.
Matambudziko ane maitiro ekuziva kuti pneumonia mumwana inogona kubuda kana causative agent we chirwere ichi chlamydia. Panzira yakarurama, catarrha kuratidzwa mumutsipa, maitiro emakumbo akawedzerwa, anogumburwa. Mask under pharyngitis inogona kuvhiringidza inokonzerwa nehutachiwana ne mycoplasma. Chirwere chacho chine zviratidzo zvinyoro, zvinoreva: subfebrile kutonhora, chirwere chepora, runny nose, headache, invasive yakaoma kuora. Legionellosis pneumonia muvana yakasiyana nekliniki yakajeka yemifananidzo, kutsausa kunogona: kuora mwoyo, kusuruvara, kurwadziwa mumimba, chirwere.
Pneumonia - zviratidzo kune vana vasina fivha
Zvakaoma kuziva kuti kuputika kwemapapu kunonoka. Ichi chimiro chechirwere chinowanzoongororwa mucheche. Chirwere chinobuda pasina fivhiri uye chifuva. Iko kliniki yemufananidzo inofanana neyekudziya. Chiremba ane ruzivo anokwanisa kuziva zviratidzo zvepineumonia mumwana asina kutonhora:
- iyo yakaoma inosviba uye inopisa;
- Anodya zvakanaka uye anorara;
- kune cyanosis mu nasolabial triangle;
- tachycardia inonzwika, mapapiro emhino anoputira;
- pangangodaro kuve nehara, zvivara zveganda.
Pakutanga kwechirwere uye ne latent pneumonia, painoteerera, chiremba wevana vanogona kucherechedza kuvapo kana kusavapo kwekufamba mumapapu. Paunenge uine chifukidzo chekufukura-kubudisa kupfupisa kwezwi pamusoro pejecha. Ichi chiratidzo chinoonekwa sechipiri uye chisingaoneki muvana vose, saka, kusimbisa kuongororwa, kuongorora X-ray, kuongorora mutsara kwe microflora uye kuongorora ropa kunodiwa.
Kurapa kwepineumonia kuvana
Kuvhiringidza kwemapapu chirwere chinoda kurapwa mishonga inorwisa mishonga. Kuisa pfungwa pazera remakore, chirwere chavo, doro rebasa revabereki, chiremba anosarudza nzira yekurapa pneumonia kuvana - muchipatara kana kumba. Zviratidzo zvekuchengetwa muzvipatara ndezvi:
- kupisa kwepamusoro pedhigirii 38, iyo inotora nguva yakareba kupfuura mazuva matatu;
- zviratidzo zvehogijini yekushaya nzara uye kudhakwa.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yepineumonia muvana
Pakarepo mushure mekuongororwa, chiremba wevana anonyora anoronga vana vana maantibioti, zvichienderana nezvakaitika kwaari uye akaunganidza anamnesis. Kubudirira kwemishonga yakasarudzwa inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kuongororwa mushure ma 24-48 maawa mushure mekutonga. Mishonga yakarurama ichava nemigumisiro yayo: kutonhora kwemwana kuchaderera, mamiriro ezvinhu ose achavandudza. Vana vane kuputika kukuru kwepneumonia vanorayirwa parenterally, apo mamiriro acho akadzikama, anoshandura kumuromo.
Chirwere chepamuviri muvana chinorapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya emapoka anotevera:
- penicillin uye zvinokwana semisynthetic (Amoxilav, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin);
- cephalosporins (Cefalexin, Cefix);
- macrolides (Erythromycin, Azithromycin).
Kurapa kwepineumonia kune vana vane maantibiotic mune imwe yenzira ine unyoro hwechirwere inoitwa kumba. Mishonga yemucheche inotarisirwa mumuromo kwemazuva 5-6. Uyezve, pane kungwara kwechiremba, expectorants, bronchodilators, antiallergic zvinodhaka, mavitamini uye prebiotics inorayirwa. Mukudzvinyirira nemishonga yekurapa physotherapy nzira dzinorayirwa-microwave, electrophoresis, inductothermy. Kubudirira munyaya iyi, kushandisa maitiro, kurapa.
Kurapa kwepineumonia kuvana vari pamba
Kutora mishonga, kuita maitiro, kuumba mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ndiwo mabasa makuru evanhu vakuru. Zvokudya zvevana zvinofanira kunge zvakazara uye zvakasiyana, mhepo iri muimba yevana inotonhorera uye inonaya, hurumende yekunwa yakawanda. Pakushambidzika, mwana anofanira kunge ari pamubhedha. Iwe unogona kushandisa mishonga yevanhu yepineumonia muvana mushure mokunge chiremba achibvumira. Iwe haugone kuronga kupa mwana antipyretic zvinodhaka - nzira iyi haizokubvumiri kuti uongorore kubudirira kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye muffle yako maune immune response mumuviri.
Kuvandudza mushure mekunge pneumonia muvana
Mushure mekudzorera mwana ari kumirira nguva yekudzorera. Inofanira kusanganisira huwandu hwehutano uye hutano hunofanirwa kudzorera hutano uye hutano:
- inhalation;
- heat treatment;
- kubvisa foci nekusingaperi zvirwere (caries, sinusitis, tonsillitis);
- kushambadzira, physiotherapy maitiro;
- oksijeni cocktails uye mapenzi;
- inofamba mumhepo itsva, kusina hypothermia;
- kugamuchirwa kwevhithamini uye maitiro ekudzivirira muviri;
- Kuporeswa mushure mekunge pneumonia mumwana kunosanganisira kuongorora mamiriro ake nechiremba anorapa.
Kudzivirira pneumonia kuvana
Kudzivirira chirwere ichi kunogona kuwedzera nekuwedzera simba remuviri wemuviri, chirongwa chakanaka chekuoma. Deredza kuderedza nguva yemwaka yemitambo kubatsira. Kana zvichibvira, zvakakosha kubvisa mazita nevanorwara vezera uye vanhu vakuru. Kurwisa kwenguva pfupi kurwisa pneumonia kuvana kunogona kuvadzivirira kubva pneumonia. Matanho ekudzivirira anogonawo kuonekwa sekudzivirira zvirwere zvehutachiona.
Zvinokonzera pneumonia muvana
Dambudziko rekudzidzira pneumonia inonyanya kukwirira muvana vaduku. Izvi zvinokonzerwa ne:
- chimiro chepanyama;
- immature immune system;
- zvinowanzoita mimba uye mimba zvinopfurikidza nemhepo zvinokonzera kushandiswa kwegesi zvakaoma.
Muvana vakwegura, zvinokonzera kukura kwechirwere ndezvi:
- kuendesa zvirwere zvepachirwere nezvirwere zvinotapukira;
- weakening immune system;
- zvinodzvinyirira mamiriro;
- tsvina yechipiri;
- kushaya mavitamini;
- supercooling;
- kunya kwevanhu vemarutsi, zvokudya, mimwe mitumbi.
Chikamu chechokwadi ndechekuti chiropa chinogona kutapukirwa nemadonhwe emhepo. Naizvozvo, vabereki vanofanira kuziva nezvekufamba kwepineumonia kuvana:
- apo kusangana, kuburikidza nemaoko asina kushambwa, chirwere che mycoplasma etiology chinoparidzirwa;
- kuburikidza nehuwandu hwemvura, kupemesa mumvura inopisa kunogona "kubatwa" neLegionella. Kubva pamunhu kusvika kumunhu uyu bhakitiriya haapfuuri;
- uye bhakitiriya uye hutachiona hwepneumonia, kune ngozi yekugadzirisa mushandi uyo wakakonzera kutuka. Influenza virusi, chirwere chepneumococcal nezvimwe zvinoparadzirwa nemadonhwe emhepo.
Migumisiro yepumoniya mukati mevana
Nokurapa kwakakwana, mwana anokurumidza kudzorerwa. Anodzokera kune hutano hwakanaka hwake hwehutano, zvaaimbova nenzara uye mafungiro akanaka. Zvinetso zvinokuvadza zvepineumonia kune vana vanoda zvirongwa zvekukurumidzira hazvishamisi, zvinosanganisira:
- bacteremia - kupinda kwebhakitiriya muropa uye nedzimwe nhengo;
- chikamu chepapu - kubata kuunganidza muchikamu;
- exudative pleurisy - kuunganidza kwemvura mumapapu;
- kupfupika kwemhepo - mwana anoshaya kukwanisa kufema mumhepo yakakwana.