Iyo mhemberero yeNazism mumakumi matatu nemakumi matatu emakore ekupedzisira ndeimwe yezviitiko zvinotyisa uye zvakaurayiwa munhoroondo. Tarisa pazvifananidzo zvisingaoneki zveumwe munhu uyo akanga ari mukuru wezvakaipa zvinopesana nevanhu.
Chimiro chikuru, muvambi uye mutevedzeri wemararamiro eropa reNazi rakanga riri ropa raAdolf Hitler, uyo mufananidzo wake wakava chiso chefascism neNazism munyika yose.
Muchikamu chino uchaona hurukuro yemifananidzo kubva paupenyu hwomutongi mukuru anotyisa. Mifananidzo yakawanda haifaniri kuonekwa uye inowanikwa mukushamwaridzana kwevanhu munguva pfupi yapfuura, apo mukati megore vaitengeswa pasi penyundo pane imwe yezvinhu zvakasara.
Apo iwe unotarisa mukati memunhu uyu, ropa rinotonhora uye rinovhara kutyisa kwekuziva kuti zviitiko zvose zvinotyisa - mamiriyoni evanhu vakafa, kuedza kwechiremba nekunyadziswa kwevanhu nevana - zvakaitika paNyika yedu nekuda kwake.
Mudzi wezvakaipa
Vabereki vaHitler, baba Alois (1837-1903) naamai Clara (1860-1907) vakanga vari hama, naizvozvo baba vake vaifanira kuwana mvumo yokuroorwa. Alois akanga ari munhu akaoma kwazvo ane unhu hwakasimba, aigara achigadzirira doroki doro muimba uye akaputika. Haana kufara amai vakaona chiedza muhwindo chete mumwanakomana wavo muduku Adolf uye vakamupa zvakakwana rudo rwake uye hyper-kutarisira. Akanga ari mwana wake wechina, vatatu vokutanga vakafa pazera remakore nekuda kwekurwara.
Adolf Hitler akaberekwa musi waApril 20, 1889 muAustria mumusha muduku weRanshofen.
Uchapupu hweMetric weFihrer
Uyu mukomana kubvira achiri muduku akachera zvakanaka, kupfuura baba vacho vakanga vasina kufara zvikuru uye vakambomira kupinda mumwanakomana uyu. Amai, pane zvinopesana, vakaedza kukura kumashure kweAloysis ruzivo rwemukomana uye nguva dzose vakamufuridzira kuti akanga ane tarenda zvikuru uye aizova mukurumbira. Apo baba vake vakazadza mifananidzo yemwanakomana wavo, akauya pakutsamwa ndokukumbira vaviri vacho kuti vashandise, izvo mudzimai wake akachema achiora mwoyo, kuti akanga akanganisa, mwanakomana wake aizoramba ari mukurumbira munyika yose. Uye iye akanga akarurama, asi akazova akakurumbira kwete pamifananidzo yekuveza.
Makore echikoro Adolf Hitler
Mumakore ake echikoro, Hitler aizivikanwa nokuda kwezvidzidzo zvake zvakanaka, hutungamiri hunhu, uye akatotanga kuratidzira zviratidzo zvekusarudzira nyika uye chido chekubatana neboka revarwi veBoer. Zvose izvi akaratidza zvakajeka mumifananidzo, achivaratidza kune vezera rake. Sezvo nyanzvi dzichicherechedza, chiito ichi chinogona kukonzerwa nekupikisa kwepfungwa pamberi pebaba vanozvidza, avo vaida kuteerera kusingabvumirwi kubva kumwanakomana wavo.
Maererano nekuyeuka kwaAlois the Jr., hanzvadzi yaHitler, Adolf akasiyana nechisimba uye aigona kutsamwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zviduku, haaida mumwe chete asi amai vake, uye akanga ari unhu hwekunyengera.Akanga asina kuparadzwa - amai vake vakanyaradza Adolf mune zvose, akaenda naro.
Kutanga kwenzira yaidzvinyiriri
Munich 02.08.1914. Hitler pamusangano weOdeonplatz panguva yekukurudzirwa kweuto reGermany kubatanidzwa muHondo Yenyika Yekutanga.
Achikura, Hitler akaedza kupinda muchikoro cheunyanzvi uye ainyatsoziva kuti aizobudirira pasina kuoma. Asi chii chakamurova iye paasina kunyorwa, achitaura kuti mifananidzo yake yakanaka, asi haikwanisi kuchikoro chekunyora, ane unyanzvi hwakadaro hwakakurudzirwa kuenda kumapurani ekugadzira. Adolf akatsamwa, akafunga kuti chikoro chinoshandisa vanhu vasina kufanira, avo vasiri nzira dzekuongorora zvinhu zvezvipo zvechokwadi.
Kwemakore anoverengeka akaedza kupinda mune zvekugadzira masangano ezvidzidzo, asi kwose kwose airambidzwa. Manzwiro evanhu vanoita zvakanaka, akakwidzwa naamai, havana kumunetsa, kunyange zvazvo chaizvoizvo zvakazoitika kuti haana tarenda yaifungidzirwa neKlara yakapofumadzwa rudo rweamai.
Mushure mokunge tisingakwanisi kuedza kuva mhizha, kufa kweamai vake, kushayiwa simba uye kuenderera mberi, Hitler akazvipira kumapoka euto reGermany, iro rakabudisa Hondo Yenyika Yenyika Yese. Maererano nemhemberero yemamwe mauto, Adolf akanga akashinga, akanyarara uye mukuru, uyo akakurumidza kugamuchira hurumende yebasa, asi haana kupa mutungamiri wekutungamira kuna Hitler, nekuti aionekwa somuiti wepamusoro akanga asina unhu hwehutungamiri. Varwi vake pamwe chete vakataurawo ruzivo rwake rusinganzwisisiki: Hitler aigara achidzoka kubva kuhondo yehondo ari mupenyu uye asina kukuvara, kunyange kana boka rake rose rakakundwa, uye kana kukuvadzwa kwaitika, zvaiva nyore uye hazvina kutyisidzira hupenyu hwemangwana Fuhrer.
Pamberi pezvifananidzo zveHitler panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga
Munguva Yekutanga Hondo Yenyika, maonero aAdolf ekuda nyika uye zvitendero zvakakura zvakasimbiswa uye zvakasimbiswa, uye kuburikidza nekukwirira uye kumiganhu. Apo Germany yakatanga kurasikirwa uye kuzvipira, panguva ino, nekuda kweurombo nenzara, mafungiro okupemberera akatanga, izvo Hitler aifunga sekunyengera.
Ndeipi mhosva yevaJudha?
Kutanga kweHitler kukwira kune vezvematongerwo enyika Olympus muna 1921
Pakupera kwehondo, Hitler akasiya basa rechiuto, iro risati rava basa rake, asi akabvumira kuva nemafungiro akafanana, avo vaiva vanhu vanomwe chete. Nevanhu ava, Hitler akatanga basa rake rezvematongerwo enyika, uye gare gare kuenzanisa kwezviroto zvake. Aida zvishoma: "kuti ave mutungamiri weGermany chete uye atange kurwisana nevaJudha vanovengwa, uye ave varanda vepasi rose." Kuvenga kwevaJudha kwakamutsa kufungidzira kwake kurwara, Adolf akatenda kuti rudzi urwu rwaida kutora simba pamusoro pemamwe marudzi uye kuita kuti vasava nechokuita.
Hitler akanga asiri nguva dzose anopesana neSamiti; munguva yehupenyu hwake pane shamwari dzechiJudha dzakamubatsira kumasiyana-siyana. Hasha uye ruvengo zvakatanga kukura mushure mekufa kweamai vairwara nekenza, uye chiremba wavo aiva muJudha. Hitler kakawanda akaonga chiremba uyu nokuda kwekuti akaedza kuporesa amai vake zvakanyanya. Asi zvichida, Hitler akanga ane shungu dzisinganzwisisiki pamusoro pechiremba nokuda kwekusaponesa amai vake, uye ndiye chete munhu aifarira Führer asina kuchena, uye mushure mekufa kwake akanga achisuruvara zvikuru. Nokudaro, nokufamba kwenguva, shungu yakakura ikava ruvengo rukuru rwevanhu vose vechiJudha.
Kutanga kubudirira uye Bheri Putch
Basa raHitler rakakura nokukurumidza mune zvematongerwo enyika, iye aive mumiririri mukuru aigona kuita kuti vanhu vafunge uye vanyengedze mazano ake.
Mukutaura kwake, mutungamiri wenyika yeramangwana akabatwa pamanzwiro ekuda nyika ehuwandu hwakakunda muGermany mushure mehondo uye kukanganisa kutadza kwakatungamirira nyika kune zvikwereti zvakakura zvekunze uye kuderera kwehupfumi.
Apo vateereri vateereri vakauya kune hurukuro vakakura kusvika kuvanhu 2000, Hitler akatanga kudzivisa simba reavo vose vakashevedzera kusagutsikana: vakagumburwa ndokurohwa neavo vanopisa.
Pasina zvipingamupinyi zvakakura kuzviremera, Adolf akawedzera kuva nehasha uye akaronga kupesana kwakakwana nevatsoropodzi pamusoro pezviito zvake nemafungiro achibatsirwa nenhengo dzose dzekudzivirirwa dzaakasika, iyo yaimboshandisa mavhiki mashanu mujeri.
Hitler akanyora chiitiko uye kutsigirwa kwaMusolini, mutongi weItaly, uyo akakunda kukunda simba muItaly mumakore ekuma1920 kuburikidza nekugumburwa uye kukanganiswa kwechisimba kwekumanikidza.
Bheri "Burgerbroekeller" (1923), uko Beer Putsch yakatanga. Mufananidzo kubva kuGermany Federal Archive
Tora mauto mashomanana eushumiri hwemauto panguva yeBeri Putsch. Ndiine mureza - Himmler
Muna 1923, Hitler akaronga putsch muGermany kubata simba, iyo yainzi "doro". Kutora simba kwakakundikana nekuda kwokutengeswa kwevamwe vatsigiri vayo, kunyange pakutanga pakutanga kwakabudirira. Mukati yezviitiko izvi, vanhu 18 vakaurayiwa, kusanganisira varindi nevaNazi.
Kuberekwa kwaMein Kampf anozivikanwa
Hitler akasungwa ndokutongerwa makore mashanu ari mujeri semuongorori wemhirizhonga, asi muna December 1924 yakabudiswa kare. Ari mujeri, akanyora bhuku rake rakakurumbira rine mabhuku maviri ezvinyorwa, rine maitiro ehupenyu uye zvematongerwe enyika, ayo aakatumidza kuti Mein Kampf, akashandurwa kubva kuGerman My Fight. Uyewo mugore rekuiswa mutorongo, Hitler akatarisa kwenguva yakareba pamusoro pezvikanganiso uye akaziva kuti mamiriro aMusolini ekutora simba rekumanikidzirwa akanga asina kukodzera kuGermany, uye akavaka hurongwa hutsva hwekuita.
Pakutongwa kwaLudendorff, kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi: gweta Holt, Weber, Roder General Ludendorff naAdolf Hitler, muna 1923
Mushure mekusunungurwa kweGeri reWallberg muWallberg muLech muBavaria, muna 1924.
Zvinyorwa zviviri zveAdolf Hitler zvakachengetedzwa muGermany Federal Archive: yekutanga ndiyo mvumo yekuendesa zvombo, yechipiri inhengo inotsigira muNational Socialist German Workers 'Party, somunhu wokutanga pasi pe nhamba 1.
Hurler's pre-election speech
Musangano wevaNazi veGermany muMunich muna 1929
Hitler inyanzvi hurukuro. Kutanga kwema1930, panguva yekutanga musarudzo.
Mufananidzo we1932.
Panzvimbo yekuvaka yeimba itsva yeReichsbank (central bank of the German Empire) muna May 1932.
Apo Hitler akasiya jeri, akavaka hurongwa hutsva, zvematongerwe enyika, kuti azadzise chinangwa. Kuverenga kwake kwaiva kutamba pamanzwiro ehurumende evanhu uye pakati peboka, iro panguva iyoyo raive nematambudziko emari akaoma, uye zvakare kuisa zvinetso kune zviremera. Akaramba achironga marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekutsamwisa.
Hurukuro pamberi vatsigiri
Pamusoro pemagetsi
Mushure memakore gumi namasere ekukwirira uye pasi muhurumende yezvematongerwe enyika kuburikidza nechisimba uye zvematongerwo enyika, zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvechisarudzo uye kuomanikidza hurumende yeGermany, Hitler akazova shanduro sechancellor musi waJanuary 30, 1933. Mhemberero dzechiitiko ichi zvakakonzera mukurumbira wechitenderedzwa unozivikanwa muBerlin.
Hapana aigona kufungidzira kuti rudzi rwechikara rwevanhu rwakapiwa hurumende. Kwemakore ekupedzisira musarudzo dzasati yasarudzwa, Hitler akavanza uye akadzivisa zvishuvo zvake zvinopesana nevaShemitic uye chido chekushandura matanho makuru ekufananidzira kwemaonero ekuchenesa Germany uye nyika kubva munhangemutange yechiJudha.
Musangano weMisa weNazi muBueckeburg, 1934
Kushanyira jeri rake rejeri mujeri reWallberg mushure memakore gumi, apo Hitler akanyora bhuku rake "Mein Kampf" muna 1934. g
Mitambo yeOlympic muna 1936, vanhu vokutanga veGermany vanopa autographs
Berlin muna 1936, kupembera kwaHitler paMutambo weMutsva weNyika pamwe nevashanyi varipo
Kuroora Nazi elite
Vese avo vari musimba vakabatsira Hitler kuwana nzvimbo yakakwirira muhurumende vaifungidzira kuti iyi "Nzira yepamusoro yeNazi" yaizova chigamba chakabiwa pamaoko avo, asi munguva pfupi ivo vakanga vachiripira nenhamo uye vakatotadza kuona zvakashata zvisingakanganisiki.
Mukutsvaka simba, Hitler akasarudza kutarisira hutano hwake, kuitira kuti ave nenguva yekushandisa pfungwa dzake dzakaipa muhupenyu uye, akatenda, kuponesa Germany. Saka, iyo Fuhrer yakava wezvokwadi yemichero, semugumisiro wayo akashanda nemirairo kuchengetedza mhuka uye chirango chakakomba nokuda kwokuputsa kwavo.
Kukurukurirana nemhuka
Mufudzi weFührer anodiwa muGermany Shepherd Blondie
Hitler ane wake Scotch Terriers
Kutaurirana nevana
Uyewo, Hitler nguva dzose airatidza kuti ane hanya nevana vechiGermany sehupenyu hwenyika yakachena.
Zviitiko zvakasiyana zvekutonga kwaHitler
Mutsara wekutanga wakataurwa naHitler sechancellor waiva nekuvandudzazve hondo uye kudzorera kukwanisa kwaro kwakakwana, mushure mezvo zvichange zvichikwanisika kukunda nyika dziri kumabvazuva nekuzara kwavo kweGerman.
Bükkeburg, 1937. Zuva Rokuonga
Highway construction
Nguva dzose misangano
Reichstag, chisarudzo chakaitwa pamusana pekubatanidzwa murugare kweAustria muna 1938.
Kugadzirira kushanda kweimba yemitambo Leopoldhall Munich muna 1938.
Kushanyira guta reGerlitlitz, kwechinguva rakagara neSouthetenland muna 1938.
Musangano weNazi muCzechoslovakia, guta reEger 1938
Hitler ari mudenderedzwa reAustria fans muna 1939.
Zviitiko panguva yekutonga kweHondo Yenyika II
Kuitwa kwekutanga kweMay munhandare muna 1939.
Mushure mokunge Hitler auya kutonga, holide yakagamuchira chiremera chepamutemo muna 1933 - Zuva reNational Labor.
Hitler munhandare yeCharlottenburg, May 1939.
Rwendo rwekutanga rwechikepe ndiRobert Ley, Hitler akapinda muchikepe.
Tea inwa muimba yake muObersalzberg (Bavarian Alps) 1939.
Kureba kweHondo Yenyika II
Hitler anodya pamutsara wekutanga muna 1940.
France makore makumi mana
Akabatanidzwa mumashoko aHitler
Hitler ane Emmy naEdda Goering 1940g.
Emmy mutambi wechiGermany wemitambo uye cinema, wechipiri mudzimai waHermann Goering, aifungidzirwa pachivande mukadzi wekuGermany. Pamwe chete naMagda Goebbels (mudzimai weGermany Mutungamiri Wezvidzidzo) akarayira mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yezviito zvezvipo. The godfather waEdda aiva Hitler pachake.
Krisimasi yekupembererwa nevatungamiriri vehondo veGermany muna 1941.
Adolf Hitler anogamuchira vashandi vechiGermany pamhepo yepamhepo muUman.
Mumufananidzo, Hitler ari muguta reUkraine yeUman uye anogamuchira varwi vake. Pano, Hitler akaputika nekuongorora mauto eGermany neItaly muzhizha muna 1941.
Chipo chokufananidzira kuna Hitler panguva yekubatwa kweSarajevo.
Iyi piritsi, yakanamatira parusvingo pedyo neBlatan bridge, mauto akakurumidza kubva uye akatamira ku Fuhrer, nguva pfupi mushure mekutorwa kwaSarajevo, sechiratidzo chekukunda kwavo uye kupararira kwesimba raHitler munharaunda idzi.
Kushanyira kuchipatara kune vakuru vakaremara muna 1944.
Hitler naGoebbels pamusangano wepepanhau muBerlin
NdiVafundisi Goebbels. Poland. July, 1944.
Nhasi yeHitler kuna Marshal Goering - "The Lady ne Falcon" (1880).
Hitler's Photo Gallery
Nhamba mbiri idzi dzakanga dziri vatori vemifananidzo uye mamwe mabasa evanyori vakakurumbira, muna 1945 kuunganidzwa kwaAdolf kwakanga kune zvinyorwa zvinopfuura 6000, Goering - kupfuura 1000. Mifananidzo yacho yakatengwa kana yakatorwa nevanomumiriri vezvematongerwe enyika. Kodzero kune idzi dzinogona kupikiswa.
Hitler ane Eva Brown
Hitler pahurukuro yekushanda kweArdennes naGoering naGuderian munaOctober 1944.
Hitler uye zviratidzo zvake zvemashiripiti
Kuongorora kwekuparadzwa kwakaitika mushure mokunge bhomba revarwi veSoviet, gore ra1945.
Irose raferemu mapurisa
Ichi ndicho chisinganzwisisiki Hitler chinyorwa chemazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, kubva mushure mokunge varwiswa zvikuru neuto reSoviet pamasangano eFascist emauto eGermany, Hitler akasarudza kugara kunze kwake pasi pevhu.
Mufananidzo wokupedzisira munguva yehupenyu
Mufananidzo kubva kuFBI, USA. Kuchinja kunogona kuitika mukuonekwa kwaHitler mukuedza kwake kutiza.
Maererano nehurukuro yepamutemo musi waApril 30, 1945, pamwe nemukadzi wake Eva Braun, Adolf Hitler akazviuraya. Evha akafa mushure mokutora kapule nehupfu husina zviratidzo zvinoratidzika zvechisimba, uye Hitler akatanga kutema mufudzi wake waidiwa wechiGermany, ndokubva atumira bhodhi mumusoro.
Rufu rwaAdolf Hitler
Maererano nehuwandu hunobva kune mumwe mushandi weHitler, zuva risati rapiwa urongwa hwokugadzirira makhazi epiyoti kupisa zvitunha. Musi waApril 30, 1945, Hitler, achizunungusa maoko kubva kuvanhu varo, vakasiya nemudzimai wake kuimba yake, pasina nguva pfuti yakanzwika kubva kwaari. Mushure mechinguva vashandi vakatarisa muimba yavo, kwavakaona mutumbi weHufrrer nepfuti yehondo kune musoro uye chitunha chaEva Braun chisingakanganisiki. Mushure meizvozvo, vakavhara miviri muhombodo dzehondo, vakadururira mafuta akagadzirira kare uye vakaapisa, sezvakanga zvarayirwa.
Mumufananidzo, chitunha chakashandurwa chiri kuongororwa nevanodzidza veSoviet.
Asi pane shanduro iyo Hitler, pamwe naBrown, vakatizira kuSouth America, kwavakasangana nezera ravo, uye panzvimbo yavo pachavo vakasiya zvitunha zvemapatya. Kunyange Stalin munguva yake akaisa pfungwa yekuti Hitler mupenyu uye achivanza kubva kune vashandi.
Mumufananidzo, anofungidzira Hitler ane makore makumi manomwe nemashanu paakafa.