Vatangi vemibvunzo vane mibvunzo yakawanda pamusoro pekuchengetedza maapuro uye kupemha: sei uchidyara apuro muti, ungazviita sei zvakanaka, panguva ipi yegore zvakakosha kudyara apuro muti? Tichaedza kupindura kazhinji kacho.
Sei uchidyara apuro muti?
Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zveizvi:
- Kuwana muti mutsva pasina kurasikirwa nehutano hwezvakasiyana-siyana. Miti yemapuro, yakawanda semimwe miti yemindu, haichengetedzi mhando dzakasiyana dze "mubereki" wayo apo kupararira nembeu, saka, inoparadzirwa nekupora. Mushure mokunge inoculation, muti wemapuro unochengetedza zvinhu zvose zvehupamhi hwepamusoro uye unopa zvibereko zvakafanana uye zvinonaka semuti "mubereki".
- Uyewo, nzira yeku "kubatanidza" inoshandiswa kubereka michero yemarudzi matsva asi panzvimbo yekorona yepamusoro-pota kana kuti kugadzira miti yakawanda yemiti yemapurisa musipo kwekuwedzera nzvimbo munzvimbo.
- Kudzorera muti wakakuvadzwa.
Ndezvipi zviri nani kudyara apuro muti?
Nguva yakanakisisa yekushanda iyi ichando, nguva iyo isati yatanga kuzaruka, kana muti unongomuka kubva munguva yechando, munguva inonzi yakatanga yekutanga kwemvura inopisa. Kazhinji uku ndiko kuguma kwaApril, kana kuvhara kwezuva nezuva kune +7 kusvika + 9 ° C. Nzira dzakawanda dzinowirirana yekubatanidza miti yemapuro muchitsime: kubudirira kuwirirana, kushandiswa nekushandura.
Zvinokwanisika here kudyara apuro mumavhuro?
Kunyoresa miti yemapula mumoto, kana muti wakagadzirirwa wechando, unogonawo, asi zvakakosha kuti uite maererano nemitemo yose. Iyo yekuvhara inoculation yemapurisa inofanira kuitwa munaSeptember, nechitarisiko kuti kusati kwatanga kwechando, kubatanidzwa kunofanira kutora midzi, kana zvisina kudaro ichafa nehutu hwakaoma.
Nzira yekudyara aple mumotokari?
Pakutanga kwekuwa, vanoropirwa, sezvinoitwa muzhizha (izvi zvinowanzova ocularization). Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti bark rinofanira kufamba zvakanaka. MunaSeptember-October, unogona kushandisa nzira yekufambisa muimba. Nokuda kweizvi, chidimbu chinogadzirwa, cuttings inodzwa sechimiro chechidimbu uye ichiiswa nekunyorereka kwechikamu chepasi kuti iyananise cambium, izvi zvose zvakasungirirwa nefirimu ye polyethylene. Ipapo unofanirwa kuzviisa mumudziyo, uye muchimiro ichi uchatakurwa muimba yepasi, kwaanochengetwa pakadzika uye kutonhora kusvikira gore. Kukura kuchaitika nokukurumidza, uye michero mumwaka inenge ichinetseka kutumisa kubatanidzwa.
Ndingawana sei inoculation pamapuroti?
Nokuda kweizvi, tora tsinde nemazambiringa maviri kubva pamiti inobereka. Anofanira kuchenesa kubva kune tsvina pamakungwa. Shamba nemvura yakabikwa zvose zvishandiso, shini, nzvimbo yekubatanidza pamudzi, ndokupukuta jira rakachena. Iko inofanira kuva yakakosha, sezvinenge zvichitadziswa nemukati iwoyo zvicharapa nokukurumidza. Zvakakosha kuchengeta chimiro chikuru - kusanganisa kwezvigaro zvecambial zvekubatanidza uye nhumbi. Kune nzira dzakawanda dze inoculation, heano maitiro mashomanana ekutanga: kushandiswa, kutenderera, budding, bark, cuttings.
Nhanho dzekubatanidza miti yemapuro "ye bark":
- Dare guru remuti rinochekwa nenzira iyo inenge 70 masentimita inosara kune trunk.
- Chenesa nzvimbo nevha.
- Mumatavi emakwenzi anoita kutengesa kwepamusoro kusvika pamasendimita matanhatu, kuitira kuti ruvara rwemupa ruuye padanda.
- Iko tsvina yemidzi (zvikamu zvehutano kunzvimbo ye inoculation) inoparadzaniswa.
- Ita mucheka we-oblique pamucheka we scion.
- Chikamu chezasi checheka chakakorodzwa kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwakatarisana necheka ndokuiswa mukati memudzi we rootstock.
- Nhanho yekupedzisira ndeyokusunga nzvimbo dzekudzivirira nemagetsi (tine, firimu).
Nzira yekudyara miti yemapuro munguva yekupedzisira kwezhizha?
Munguva iyi pane kushandiswa kwekufema kushamba, buds zvakasungirirwa, muti wemaruva, saka nzira yakanakisisa ndeyekunatsa. Zviri nani kuzviitisa mangwanani kana mumakore ekunze. Iyo iri nyore mukuurayiwa, inopesana nepamusoro yezana ye fusion. Kuti uite izvi, cheka mafungiro epiyo (chikamu chebato kubva padombo riri munharaunda ye-nodal 2.5-3 cm murefu uye 0.5 cm muhupamhi) kubva kune rimwe remakore kupfura uye uriise pasi pemudzi we rootstock mu-pre-cut "T". Mushure mekuisa, iyi nhesi yakasungirwa mumutungamiri wepasi ne polymer tape. Inso inofanira kugara isina. Pashure pevhiki imwechete kana maviri, zvakakosha kusunungura bhanji. Nebudiriro yakabudirira, ziso rinowedzera gore rinotevera.