Kubvunza mubvunzo, chii chimiro, vakawanda havafungi kuti kupfuma uye zvakapararira sei pfungwa iyi. Inogona kureva kuremekedzana, tsika yekukurukurirana, kuchinja maonero ehupenyu, mukana wekukura mumweya kana kukura kwebasa. Saka, zvakakosha kuti uwane zvakanaka uye panguva yakakodzera kurasa ruzivo rwakakosha kuti uwane chinangwa chinodiwa.
Chii chinodzidza tsika?
Kubvira panguva yekare, tsika dzakanaka sesayenzi ndeimwe yenzira dzefilosofi inobata nekudzidza kwetsika uye tsika dzevanhu vemarudzi akasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvakabatana nesayenzi yefilosofi zvinotsanangurwa nechokwadi chokuti kuitira kuti unzwisise nguva dzinokosha dzemitemo, ruzivo rwemheyo hwehuzivi hunodiwa.
Ndezvipi tsika? Pfungwa iri pasi pekufungidzirwa inowanzonzi nzvimbo yezivo, iyo inosanganisira kuongorora mitemo yakakosha mukusimudzirwa kwevanhu - maitiro, mitemo, tsika, kuongororwa kwezvinangwa zvevanhu nezviito mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Nheyo dzepamusoro dzeyi sayenzi dzinoshandiswa mukudzidza kwemagariro evanhu, zvematongerwe enyika, emhuri.
Ko tsika dzakasiyana sei netsika?
Isu tose kubva paudiki tinoyeuka kuti isu takadzidziswa kuchengeta mitemo yezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro , izvi zvinoshushikana kwete kwete munzvimbo dzevanhu, asiwo kumba. Etiquette iboka remitemo kana mitemo yekufambisa munzvimbo dzevanhu. Heano mamwe acho:
- kupa nzira yekuendesa kune vakwegura;
- ibata mukova;
- tsika dzinofamba munzvimbo dzomusangano, usaita ruzha;
- tevera mitemo yezvakanaka pamatafura ezvokudya.
Maitiro emazuva ano, mukuenderera kwetsika dzevazivi vekare nevafungidzi, vari kuita basa rekudzidza zvinetso zvakadzama zvetsika zvevanhu. Nokudaro, maonero ezvakanaka zvehutsika uye tsika dzakasiyana dzine tsanangudzo dzakasiyana, asi zvechokwadi dzinokosha, uye nenzira imwechete yakafanana nesangano. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- kuchengeta tsika uye tsika dzekuita;
- nharaunda yekuongorora yezvakaipa nezvakanaka;
- mukana wekusununguka kwokutaura uye chisarudzo;
- kutsvaga zvinangwa uye zvinoreva hupenyu hwomunhu, hupenyu hwake.
Ethics and psychology
Sezvo mutemo, maitiro ehuhu chinhu chikamu chinokosha mukudzidza kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zveSayenzi yakadai sepfungwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti iyo sayenzi inobatanidzwa mukudzidza kwepfungwa dzehupfungwa hweunhu, huripo, kubatana nevevanhu vakakomberedza, iyo nzira dzinoitika mupfungwa dzemunhu uye kazhinji ndicho chikonzero chezviito zvake. Maitiro, pamwezve, anofunga maitiro nemafungiro emunhu, asi maererano nemitemo uye tsika dzakagadzirirwa munharaunda.
Kubvunza mubvunzo, chii chimiro, zvinokwanisika kuongorora mamwe mabasa ayo, nerubatsiro rwunogona kugadzirisa dzimwe nguva mune dzidzo yepfungwa neyetsika yemunhu uye sangano rose sevanhu vose:
- chikonzero chebasa chero ripi zvaro rinobatsira;
- dzidzo yebasa;
- chido chekugadzirisa kusawirirana nekugadzirisa matambudziko kuburikidza nhaurirano;
- kutarisa kune zvinokosha;
- kukanganisa nekuongororwa kwehupenyu hunokosha;
- kugadzirwa kweimwe nyikaviewview.
Professional Ethics
Nhungamiro inokosha mukudzidza kwetsika dzakanaka ndeyekuwedzera kwavo kumabasa emabasa evanhu. Paunotora basa, zvinokosha kuti uyeuke kuti unyanzvi hupi hwemagariro ndewe. Iyi ndiyo nzira yemitemo yezvetsika uye mitemo yehutano hweumwe nyanzvi, iyo inoratidzika pane imwe shanduro yemaitiro. Kuteerera kwaro kunowanzotarisirwa kushanda panzvimbo yebasa, chinhu chikuru chekubudirira kubudirira, uye, zvichida, kunyange kukura kwebasa.
Corporate Ethics
Panguva ino, vashandi vemabhizimisi akawanda nemakambani, vose vari kunze kwenyika neRussia, vanoziva maitiro emakambani e-maitiro ehutsika nemitemo, zvichibva kune vashandi vanobatana nevamwe kana nemasangano kunze. Muchiitiko ichi, tsika dzakanaka dzinobvumira kusimbisa nekugadzirisa ukama pakati pevashandi uye nzira yavo yekugadzirisa mabasa kana kuzadzisa chirongwa. Maitiro ehutano anogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- mutoro panzvimbo yebasa;
- kuchengeta pfungwa yebasa rekushanda kwebasa;
- sangano sangano pamwe nekuisa pfungwa pachigumisiro rose.
Bhizimisi Maitiro
Vose mabhizinesi, vatungamiri uye vakuru vakuru vakuru vanoziva tsika dzekutengeserana kwebhizimisi - mararamiro emitemo yebasa rekuita, iyo inotarisirwa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvakagadzirirwa. Kazhinji inosanganisira zvikamu zvinotevera:
- kuvimba uye nekunyengeri kushamwaridzana nevatongi, vakuru, makwikwi uye vashandi;
- kukwanisa kutungamirira, kuita zvisarudzo uye kudzivisa mamiriro ezvinhu;
- unyanzvi hwokukurukurirana;
- kubatana uye kuda kushanda muboka rimwechete.
Muzviitiko zvizhinji, mamwe mimwe mitemo yebhizimisi yekukurukurirana inopesana nehutano hwehutano uye pfungwa dzevashandi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza pakati pezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwebasa uye tsika kana mazano ako. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuchengetwa kwemitemo yekutengeserana kwebhizimisi kunogona kuva chibvumirano chekubudirira kwebhizimisi nekusimudzirwa pamakambani emabasa.
Religious Ethics
Tsika dzechechi dzinoratidzirwa nemitemo yavo, nokuti chitendero nemitemo zvisingatauriki zvakabatana. Mitemo yechitendero ndiyo nzira yemitemo yezvetsika inoratidzira mufambiro nekuziva kwemunhu. Vanovimba nemirairo yekereke, asi havasi ivo voga. Mukuwedzera kune kuwirirana mukati mevanhu, maitiro echitendero anogadza mitemo yetsika nemitemo yeukama pakati pemunhu naMwari, mukana wekuregererwa, kuporesa uye kutenda kwevanhu mukutanga kwekutanga.
Maitiro ehukama hwemhuri
Mumhuri, maitiro ehukama, kunze kwekuda uye rudo, ndiwo chikamu chinokosha chemuchato unofadza. Munyaya iyi, tsika dzakanaka dzinobva pamitemo inotevera:
- kuremekedzana;
- trust;
- kusavapo kwekutsoropodza kusina maturo;
- kuramba kujekesa hukama nevevatatu;
- kusarudzwa kwekuregererwa kwekutaurirana zvisina kunaka uye kushandiswa kwesimba remuviri;
- kuzvisarudzira semuenzaniso wakakodzera wokurera mwana;
- mafungiro akafanana nevana vose vari mumhuri vasina kugoverwa uye kukurudzirwa kune mumwe munhu.
Ndapota cherechedza kuti tsika dzehukama pakati pevakaroora uye hama dzinokosha pakuchengetedza mhuri yakakwana uye inofara, dzidzo uye tsika dzedzidzo yerudzi runotevera. Maererano nehutano hwepakati pehupenyu, nhamba yakawanda yevanhu dzimwe nguva haitombotauri nemashoko kana mabasa evanhu vari pedyo navo: vakaroorana, vabereki, vana.
Maitiro Evanhu
Kupindura mubvunzo, chii chimiro chekunamata, zvakakosha kuyeuka tsanangudzo yezwi rokuti "nyika" - vehurumende, kwete ekereke. Nokudaro izvi zvinotevera kuti tsika dzezvemitemo ndiyo mitemo yemitemo inobva pamabasa emasangano evanhu pasina simba rechechi. Iyi mitemo, sekutonga, inoratidzwa nechikonzero, uye kwete nekuziva kwevanhu. Vanodzora hukama pakati pevanhu maererano nemitemo, vaudza pfungwa dzezvakanaka nezvakaipa, vanobatsira uye vanonzwira ngoni, pasina izvo upenyu hwevanhu vakabudirira hazvibviri.
Maitiro paInternet
Pamusoro peIndaneti, maitiro ekutaurirana nehutano inzira yemunhu yekukurukurirana pakusasipo kwekubatana nomunhu wevadzivisi. Pasinei nezvakadaro, haisi mhinduro yekunyomba uye majee anonyadzisa mune imwe kero yeumwe munhu. Mukuwedzera kune dambudziko rakapararira paunenge uchikurukura paWorld Wide Web, maitiro ehutano wekukurukurirana anogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- kuchengetwa kwehurukuro yekukurukurirana;
- achikumbira kune vatauriri vako kana iwe;
- kusavapo kwekunyadzisa uye kukwanisa kudzokorora;
- kukurukurirana pamusoro pemamiriro ekutsvaga;
- Zvinyorwa zvekunyoresa mameseji - font, hukuru, mutsara wemifananidzo, kuvapo kwemifananidzo kana kuseka.
Maitiro evanhu
Nokuda kwevanhu vakagadzikana, tsika dzehutano hwevanhu, hunhu hunosanganisira mitemo yekubatana kwevanhu munharaunda. Mitemo yakadaro kana mitemo inogona kutonga mabasa evanhu munharaunda, kutsigira huripo, kuwedzera mutoro wevaya vanoita zvekuvandudzwa kwevanhu. Munhu mumwe chete anokosha kutevedzera mitemo yehutsika hwemagariro evanhu kubudirira kubudirira kwezvose iye pachake uye sangano rinomukomberedza.
Mitemo yetsika
Mafungiro emitemo nemitemo inowanzoshandiswa mune imwe chirevo. Mitemo ndiyo mitemo yekugadzirisa maitiro kana kuongorora zviito zvemunhu, ukama hwake neshamwari, uyewo maitiro ekubatana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye pakati. Mitemo yetsika inomiririrawo maitiro emitemo yakafanana inoshanda munharaunda dzakasiyana dzevanhu:
- kubudisa;
- mhuri;
- zvematongerwo enyika;
- chitendero.
Mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti mitemo ndeyei, uye kuti iyi pfungwa haisi yekugadzirisa chete, asiwo yekuongorora kusangana kwevanhu vari mumativi akasiyana ehupenyu hwavo. Kutevera mitemo yehutsika, unogona kuwana mararamiro anodiwa kuti uve noupenyu hwakanaka, kuti unzwisise mutsetse pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa, kuti udzidze kuva wakarurama uye ngoni, izvo dzimwe nguva zvinoshaikwa munzanga yanhasi.