Hemophilia ndechimwe chezvirwere zvakakomba zvakakomberedza, kukurudzirwa kunosanganiswa nehutano. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vasikana ndivo vanotakura chirwere chisina kukwana, asi chirwere chakadaro chinoratidzika chete muvakomana. Chirwere ichi chinokonzerwa nekushayikwa kwemajini kwezvinhu zvinogadzirisa zviratidzo zvinodzivirira ropa coagulability. Pasinei nokuti iyo inozivikanwa kwenguva refu, zita rokuti "hemophilia" chirwere chakagamuchirwa chete muzana ramakore rechi19.
Kune marudzi mazhinji ehemophilia:
- hemophilia A (HA, classical hemophilia);
- hemophilia B (GV, chirwere chaKristu);
- hemophilia C (HS).
Zvinokonzera hemophilia
Nhaka ye hemophilia A neB inowanikwa, sezvatotaurwa, pamwe nevakadzi, sezvo varume vanorwara nechirwere ichi kazhinji havararami nemakore ekubereka. Zvisinei, mumakore achangopfuura kufambira mberi kwakakurumbira kwakaitwa mukurapa, iyo inobvumira kuwedzera nguva yeupenyu hwevarwere. Mukuwedzera kune zvakakosha, izvi zvakare zvakaunza migumisiro yakaipa - kuwedzera kuonekwa kwenhamba yevarwere munyika yose. Izvo zvikamu zvakanyanya zvezvirwere (zvinodarika 80%) zvinoreva mazita ezvibhedheni, kureva, akapiwa nhaka kubva kuvabereki, zvisikwa zvakasara - kushanduka kwepachiviri chemajini. Uye maitiro akawanda eporadic hemophilia yaamai vakagadzirwa kubva mumutambo webaba. Uye mukuru baba, iyo yakakwirira yehutano hwekuchinja kwakadaro. Vana vevarume vanotambura neHemophilia vane utano, vanasikana vanotakura chirwere ichi uye vanopfuurira kuvana vavo. Mikana yekugadzira mwanakomana anorwara muvakadzi vanotakura is 50%. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, pane chirwere chechidiki pakati pevakadzi. Sezvo mutemo, izvi zvinoitika kana mwanasikana akaberekerwa murwere ane hemophilia yababa naamai vanotakura chirwere chacho.
Hemophilia C inotora nhaka yevana vemurume nomukadzi, uye varume nevakadzi vanofananidzwa nehutachiwana hwechirwere ichi.
Chero mhando dzemhando dze hemophilia (dzinowanikwa kana kuti dzinozvipira), dzichionekwa kamwechete mumhuri, dzichazopiwa nhaka.
Kuongororwa kwehemophilia
Kune zvidimbu zvakakura zvechirwere: chakanyanya (uye chakakomba), chepakati-kati zvakanyanya, zvinyoro uye zvakavanzika (zvakabviswa kana zvishoma). Saizvozvowo, iyo yakanyanya kukwirira kwehemophilia, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa zviratidzo, kubuda ropa kwakanyanya kunowanzoonekwa. Saka, mukutambudzika kwakanyanya kune kubuda ropa kunokanganisa kunyange pasina kubatana kwakananga nekukuvara kupi zvako.
Chirwere ichi chinogona kuzviratidza pachako pasinei nezera. Dzimwe nguva zviratidzo zvokutanga zvinogona kuonekwa kare munguva yechangobva kuberekwa (kubuda kubva pamusana wembilical, subcutaneous hemorrhage, nezvimwewo). Asi kazhinji, hemophilia inoratidzira mushure megore rokutanga rehupenyu, apo vana vanotanga kufamba uye ngozi yekukuvara inowedzera.
Zviratidzo zvakajeka zvehemophilia ndezvi:
- nguva dzose uye inowedzera kupisa kwemvura;
- yakawanda, yakareba-absorbable hematomas;
- kubuda kwenguva refu kubva mumasana, mucous membrane yemhino nemuromo, zvishoma nezvishoma matumbo, itsvo, nezvimwewo. Uye vanogona kuendeswa kune chero nzira ipi zvayo yekurapa;
- hemarthroses (kushaya ropa mukati memakumbo akabatanidzwa);
- kuputika mumapfupa emapfupa anotungamirira ku decalcification yemapfupa uye aseptic necrosis.
Muchiitiko ichi, kubuda ropa kunotanga mushure mekukuvara, asi mushure mechinguva (dzimwe nguva kupfuura maawa 8-12). Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nekuti kunyanya kubuda ropa kunomira nemaplatelet, uye ne hemophilia, nhamba yavo inoramba iri mumiganhu yakatarwa.
Anoongorora hemophilia nemitambo yakasiyana-siyana ye laboratory inotarisa nguva ye coagulation uye nhamba ye-anti-hemophilic factors. Zvakakosha kusiyanisa hemophilia uye von Willebrand chirwere, thrombocytopenic purpura, uye Glanzmann thrombastenia.
Hemophilia muvana: kurapwa
Chokutanga pane zvose, mwana anoongororwa nevana vanachiremba, vanachiremba wemazino, hematologist, orthopedist, zvakanakisisa kuongorora mazita uye kubvunzurudza kwechiremba wepfungwa. Nyanzvi dzose dzinogadzirisa zviito zvavo pakugadzirira chirongwa chekurapa mumwe munhu, zvichienderana nemhando uye kuoma kwechirwere chacho.
Nheyo huru yekurapa hemophilia ndiyo inotsigira kurapa. Varwere vanokonzerwa nevanorwisa-hemophilic magadzirira emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, ropa rakagadziridzwa rakanyatsogadzirwa kana kuwedzerwa ropa zvakabva kune hama (ne HA).
Nhatu nzira huru dzekurapa dzinoshandiswa: pamushonga (nekubuda ropa), kumishonga kumusha nekudzivirira hemophilia. Uye yekupedzisira kwavari ndiyo inofambira mberi uye inokosha.
Sezvo chirwere ichi chisingaregi, mitemo yehupenyu yevarwere vane hemophilia yakaderedzwa kudzivisa kukuvadzwa, kubhadharwa kwebasa rekubhadhara pamwe nekurapa kwenguva yakakodzera, icho chaicho chiri kuchengetedza ropa risina kukwana pane imwe yezinga risati iri pasi pe5% yezvigadzirwa. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuora kwemvura mumisungo yemaviri uye masangano. Vabereki vanofanira kuziva ruzivo rwekutarisira vana vanorwara, nzira dzinokosha dzekubatsira kokutanga, nezvimwewo.