Nguva dzose munda unotaridzika unotaridzika mumunda, kudyarwa kweizvi maruva anoyevedza kunobatsira kuona zvizhinji zvekunakidza mazano mumamiriro ekugadzira nyika, kugadzira zvakanaka flowerbeds, alpine slides, makatumba nemakwenzi pabindu rako pachako, nekubatanidza kubudirira pamwe nemiti yakakura kune dzimwe miti.
Bindu rinotumbuka rini?
Nguva inoyerera inobva pane dzakasiyana-siyana, kutarisirwa, nguva yebhuru uye nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze. Munzvimbo dzakadzikama dzinotangira mumazuva ekutanga aJuly uye dzinopera kusvika pakati peSeptember. Miti yakadaro yebindu, semaruva eAsia hybrids, inotumbuka kutanga. Vane nguva kubva pakumuka kunomera kusvika kune maruva kunotora mazuva anopfuura 90. Mazuva gumi gare gare, tinofara ne-grace inflorescences ye LA hybrids uye OT-hybrids. Eastern hybrids inovaka 100-140 mazuva uye inopera pakuguma kwemwaka.
Mhando yemindu maruva
Nzira yakanakisisa yokuti muchengeti anoda munda wemaruva ndeyekudyara nekusiya panzvimbo yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvigadzirwa. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemhando dzomusango uye dzakasimwa dzemhando idzi dzisingagumi uye dzinopfuura zviuru zvitatu. Mazai aya akaoma kana ovate, kusvika pamasendimita makumi matatu nemasere, iyo inotenderera yakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, ichikwira mamiriyoni maviri kumusoro kwevhu nekuchengetedza zvakanaka. Mashizha emaruva acho akanaka, anogona kugadzira rosette pedyo nemidzi kana kukura mumhepo kumativi ose.
Miti yemaruva inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuona kwayo kunoshamisa, kukura kwehutano nekuchengetedza kunobatsira kuwana kubva pamadziro 8 kusvika ku30, mabhii akaumbwa kana umbellate ane mazoro akanaka pa peduncle ane tarisiro yeupenyu kusvika kumapfumbamwe. Kune micheka mutsvuku, micheka, yepepuru, chena, apricot, bicolor maruva. Mhuka dzakashata dzinowanzoshongedzwa nemuganhu unoshamisa kana unofadza ne whimsical coloring nemafashamo anoyevedza, zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshongedza zvakasiyana zvakasiyana zvemarry forms. Mucherechero wemunda wemaruva unogona kunge wakasiyana, kunze kwebhuruu.
Mhando dzebindu maruva:
- Lily ndiAsia. Iyo inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuoma kwayo kwechando uye kuzvininipisa, zviri nyore kutarisira, zvakanyatsorambana nevana uye nekubatsirwa kwezviyero. Ikoko kune maruva "bulbous" ane air bulbs pamatemu. Chimiro cheruva muAsia chinowanzova chalmoid kana chimiro chakafanana, iyo inosvika masendimita makumi maviri nemakumi masere muhukuru.Indudzi dzakasiyana-siyana dzeAsia dzakasiyana-siyana: Adeline, Blazing Dwarf, Flora Plain, lily Tigrovaya, lily raDavid, lily Maksimovich, lily Dutch, Fata Morgana (terry), Butterfly Pixie (miniature) ).
- Curly hybrids (maruva Martagon). Chimwe chikamu chemhando iyi ndeye chalmovidnie drooping maruva uye yakasikwa yakadzoka kumashure. Icho chisingaiti chisvikiro, chisina hanya mune zvavanotarisira, hazvina kukwana kumavirusi uye mabhakitiriya anoiswa pasi. Yakawanzoshandiswa yakasanganiswa nemafuta - Manitoba Fox, Claude Shride, Martagon Album, Sunny Morning, Mai ROBackhous.
- American hybrids. Zvirimwa zvine simba, iyo tsanangu inosvika pakakwirira mamita maviri. Chimiro chemaruva chakasiyana, asi kazhinji chalmoid. Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvezvipenyu zvinononoka kubereka kumba pamusana pezvirwere zvinowanzoitika panguva yekugadzirwa. Bindu reAmerica kusimwa uye rudo rwekuyamwisa mumamiriro okunze anotonhora nemashando anononoka, munharaunda yedu ivo vashoma pakupararira.
- Condidum hybrids. Madzitateguru emaruva aya aive machena emaruva emaruva uye marudzi eEurope. Chimwe chikamu chezviyo izvi - maruva anonhuhwirira mumamiriro ehupamhi. Zviyero pavari pamabhuru pedyo neshizha zvinokura mumhando ye rosettes yemashizha. Mhando dzakawanda dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa dzakashata Apollo, lily Madonna uye Terracotta lily.
- Tubular lily hybrids. Maruva ane mazaya echando, anowedzera nyore uye anorwara zvishomanana. Madzibaba avo maAsia maitiro. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemaruva emvura - michero ine maruva tubular, mukombe-wakagadzirwa, kudonha uye kudonhedzera. Kufarira kune vatsva ndezvipi zvinotevera - Sulfur Queen, Mimosa Star, Gwendolyn Anley, Black Dragon, Sulfur Queen.
- Eastern hybrids. Zvirimwa zveAsia dzinobva mukurumbira nekurwisana kwechando uye maruva anoyevedza ane maitiro akasiyana-siyana. Kukanganisa - nguva refu yekubika mababu uye kusazvidzivirira zvirwere. Mitambo yakakurumbira ndeyeBarbados, Africa, Ascari, Aurora, Little Fairies, Anais Anais, Allegro.
- LA hybrids. Ivo vanozivikanwa nemasimba ane simba, kurwisana nefrist uye zvirwere. Maruva avo akare kupfuura ayo eAsia akasiyana-siyana, ane kunhuhwirira kwakashata, kunogona kuva nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Mhando dzakapararira - LA 'Ice Diamond', LA 'Party Diamond', LA 'Samur', LA 'Freya', LA 'Formosa'.
- OT-hybrids. Zvirimwa zvinodzingwa nokuyambuka tubular uye kumabvazuva mafomu, vane maruva makuru akafanana nemafuta (20-25 cm). OT-hybrids yakaisvonaka pakucheka. Mitauro inofadza ndeye Lilium 'Donato', Big Brother, 'Anastasia', Beverly Dream, Lilium 'Ovatie', 'Scheherazade', 'Holland Beauty'.
Munda wemaruva - kuburuka
Izvo zvose zviri zviviri zvisinganzwisisiki uye zvisinganzwisisi munda wemaruva, kudyara uye kuchengetedza mbeu yacho zvinowanzoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Curly hybrids zvakanyanya kukodzera penumbra, Asia, tubular uye mashezha ekumavirira anoda zuva uye akadzivirirwa kubva munzvimbo yemhepo. Kubvunza mubvunzo, kana zvichibvira kumunda wemaruva panzvimbo yakasarudzwa newe, iva nechokwadi chekusavapo kuno kwekutsvaira kwemvura yakasviba yakasvibisa iyo inokurudzira kukura kwezvirwere zvefungal.
Ndekupiko kudyara maruva mumunda?
Perennial garden michero nemaruva zvinogona kuiswa muhupenyu hwakafanana. Edza kuita kuti kunaka kwedu kuwirirane uye kubudirire kumira muboka. Mushure mokuputika maitiro akare aputsika ndokubviswa. Daylilies ane mabhero uye mamwe mhando yemichero inoshandiswa yakavhara ivhu rakanaka uye hairegi kuti riome. Iyo yakanakisisa sarudzo, iyo inobatsira zvose maruva emaruva - kudyara uye kutarisira munzvimbo iyo misoro yavo ine peduncles iri muzuva, uye midzi inokura mumumvuri.
Nzira yekudyara munda wenzara?
Mukusarudza kuti kudyara bindu remaruva, fungicides uye zvinokurudzira zvinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa danga. Tinoshandisa 0,2% gadziriro yeSekuzol yekusvibiswa, iyo yatinoramba tichivhara kwemaawa maviri, uye tinozotizadza kweawa mu Epin. Isu tinobvisa zviyero zvakafa uye tinopfupisa midzi kusvika masendimita mashanu. Tinosima miriwo mizhinji yebindu mumadokoro maduku neakadzika masendimita makumi maviri uye imwe yakakura yeusvika mabhasi matatu. Nokuda kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kudzika kwekudyara kunosvika 12 cm, vana vanodyarwa pakadzika masendimita mashanu.Evhayano pakati pevanhu vakuru ndeye 20-30 cm, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana.
Bindu remiti yemaruva - kudyara mazuva
Nokuti rudzi urwu rwebasa rwakakosha zvakakwana mumwedzi waSeptember, panguva iyo bhobhoni inoramba ichikura. Muchiitiko ichi michero inotora midzi zvakanaka uye inopinda nguva yekutunga nguva yapfuura. Iko kunopera nguva yekudyara maruva ebindu perennial lilies chikamu chechipiri chaOctober. Muchirimo, varimi vanoziva vanochera maruva mumatambudziko mashoma, semuenzaniso, kana vari munharaunda inenge ichidiwa kuti ivandudze ivhu kana kukurudzira chigadzirwa.
Munda wemaruva - kukura
Basa rinokosha rinotambidzwa kwete chete nekugadziriswa kwakakwana kwebindu raiyo, asiwo nekudzivirirwa kwaro kubva kuchando munguva yechando, uye mumvura yekuvhuvhura inonaya kubva pakunyanyisa. Mabhedha ane mazai akavharidza nefirimu, kuvharidzira pasi pakutanga kwekuoma kwemamiriro okunze, kudzivirira mababu kubva kuora. Pamberi pekutanga kwechando, ivhu rakafukidzwa nemashizha akaomeswa kana kuti mapepa, akabatanidzwa ne peat. Muchirimo, nekuuya kwekupisa, firimu nedimwe nzvimbo yekugara inobviswa.
Miti yejasi maruva
Ivhu risati rasvika rinokumba zvakanyanya, richiwedzera kuvhu rakaoma kwem 1 m 2 pamwe nebhaketheni rejecha ne peat. Mushonga wekurima munda wakakomberedzwa nemaruva haukwanisi kuregererwa. Vachishandisa manyorero akaora akaenzana 5-10 kg / m 2 pamwe nekuwedzera kwe 100 g ye superphosphate uye 50 g ye potassium fertilizer. Muchikamu chekumabvazuva sevhu risina simba, uye rinokuvadza marigon uye maruva emvura, saka ivo vanowedzera cheki nemaketone kana matanda mumvura kusvika kusvika ku 0.5 kg / m 2 yakawedzerwa pasi.
Nzira yekukurira sei maruva nemaruva?
Iyi simiti iri nyore kubereka kamwechete munzira dzakasiyana-siyana, zvinonzwisisika mukutarisira kunyange vanotanga-florists, avo vakatanga kusangana nemaruva akanaka aya. Mbeu dzinozviwanza zvishoma. Zvinotora nguva yakawanda kuti iwedzere ruzivo rwakakwana kubva kumbeu, kunyange zvazvo amateur achiwana munyaya iyi panguva imwechete zvinhu zvakawanda zvine utano hwekudyara. Nzira yekuvirisa inowanzosarudzwa, achishandisa cuttings kana zvikamu zvebhuru.
Nzira huru dzekuberekwa kwebindu maruva:
- Mbeu yokubereka.
- Kuparadzaniswa kwedendere remaruva kunoberekwa nevana vari kukura pasi pebhuru rekare. Chisi chitsva chakaumbwa kwemakore gumi nemasere.
- Kubereka maruva mabhuru-vana, vachikura pasi pasi pedo nepakati. Dhipatimendi rinobudiswa pasina kuchinja chimiro chaamai.
- Kuberekwa nebhurubhu inobhururuka mumusana unooma. Nokuti basa rinoshandisa mabheti makuru kunze, izvo mushure mekuparadzaniswa zvakasvibiswa, zvakashambwa, zvakaoma uye zvinomera.
- Kuberekwa kwemaruva nemaruva e cauliflower bulbs yakaumbwa muAsia vakawanda hybrids.
Nzira yekuchengetedza sei bindu remaruva?
Apo patinotarisira munda wemaruva mumwaka wekutanga, tinotanga kubvisa nzvimbo yekugara pane imwe nguva, kuitira kuti mashizha anowanzouya kumusoro ndokuoma pasi pezuva. Kusunungurwa kunoitwa nemakirasi maduku mushure mekuonekwa kwemiti yose kubva pasi. Nokusaremekedza zviri nyore kukanganisa mbeu, izvo zvinotungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa. Zvirwere zvisingadi kumuka kana kutanga kuumba zvakasimba vana.
Kuchengetedza munda wemaruva - kunwisa
Vakawanda vatsva vanonyatsotarisa munyaya yezvinodiwa nemunda wemaruva nekuchengetedza kwakanaka pamunda wemaruva, kazhinji kunoputika nemaruva emvura nemvura yakawanda. Nyanzvi dzinopa kukurudzira ivhu pahupamhi hwekudyara bhari. Nediki duku remvura, tinowana ruvara pasi, uye kupera kwemvura kunounza kuora kwebhuru. Rubatsiro runounza pamwe nemaruva kudyara minda yakasimbiswa, mashizha awo anodzivirira kubuda kwemhepo uye inovhara midzi.
Nzira yekudyara maruva emaruva?
Kubvira pakutanga kwechitubu kusvika kumaruva emiti inomera michero inoda chikafu chinowedzera ne mineral components. Kupfeka kupfekedzwa kwemajisi mindu kunoshandiswa ne nitrophic, urea , superphosphate, yakaoma kugadzirira Kemira- mhando yemaruva. Spring fertilizer ine zvakawanda nitrogen, autumn - potassium uye phosphorus. Maruva anoteerera kumapuranga epamusoro ekupfekedzwa nemakemikari akaoma uye kunwisa nekukanganiswa kwehuni ash (100 g / 10 lmvura). Nokutarisira uye kupfeka kwepamusoro iwe haugoni kunetseka nemubvunzo wekuti sei maruva emaruva asingasviki pachirongwa.
Zvirwere zvebindu maruva
Manyowa panguva yekuchengetedzwa inorambidzwa kuita, kudyara mababu muvhu ne fresh humus, yakawanda mu pathogenic microflora, inotungamirira kuzvirwere zvinowanzoitika. Mumubvunzo wekuti sei mashizha emunda webindu anowanzoshanduka achiita tsvuku, zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinogona kutongwa. Kune hutachiona hwehutachiona hunokonzera maruva mavara uye kufa kwemashizha mapepa, pamusoro pavo, kurapwa nemafungicides. Mukurwisana nemhashu, guruva sulfuri nemagetsi-ane zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa.
Kana nzvimbo yakakomberedza mitsetse ikashanduka yakatsvuka, saka tiri kutarisana ne chlorosis, inobatwa neine vitriol yesimbi uye fertilizing nemakwenzi akawanda. Kazhinji pavanenge vachisiya maruva vanotambura nefusariosis, vanobvisa utachiona ne pickling bulbs kana uchidyara nemhinduro ye "Learnzol". Kubudirira kwebhokisi re botrytis, rinozviratidza mumakore emvura, zvakaoma kumira. Bhuku rakabatwa rakapfigwa, rakarashirwa, rakagadzirwa nemafuta rinoshandiswa mufungicides ("Maxim") uye rinoiswa kune imwe nzvimbo yepaiti.
Zvipembenene zvebindu maruva uye kurwisana navo
Pamubhedha wemaruva kazhinji zvinopisa zvinokonzera bindu remaruva, zvichida kutarisa kwemurimi. Mafivha, lilac nyuchi uye maruva avo akaora mavara uye buds. Vanoparadzwa ne "Aktara" kana "Aktellikom". Kurwisana nemaruva eMeyi beetle uye bere, vanoshandisa "Kutinhira", "Medotox", "Boverin" uye mamwe maitiro. Kubva pamiti, inobatsira kuvhara mababu asati asara neVishnevsky mafuta, kurapa kwepafosheni. Kusvetuka nemashizha kunoponeswa nekudyara mune zvigadziro zvakakosha kana mabhasikiti emiti inomera.