Begonia - kutarisira kumba, zvikamu zvekurima kwakakodzera

Chimiro chakaisvonaka cheBelonia chakashongedzwa kwete chete nemapaki, mapaki neminda, asiwo neimba dzedu. Iyo ndeyemhuri yeBerconia, inosanganisira anenge 2000 ma hybrids akasiyana. Nokuda kwekushongedza, yakashandiswa makore 200 apfuura. Ngatitsvakei zvose pamusoro pemaruva aBabonia - kutarisa kumba, kuivigira nekudzivirira kubva kuzvirwere.

Idzimba dzemukati begonia

Iyi yakanaka yemuva yemuva yakatumidzwa zita raMichel Begon, uyo akawana chimiro chisingazivikanwi muzana remakore rechi17 pamusoro peAn Antilles. Nhasi, mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhando dzakasiyana dzemabhononi dzinoparadzaniswa mumapoka maviri makuru:

1. Zvishongedzo-zvakashata. Havana dutu rakafanana. Iyo pubescence yavo inoshamisa inoshamisa inokura zvakananga kubva kumudzi, ine maitiro akasiyana uye mararamiro: tsvuku, silvery, yellow, brown uye kunyange yakachena. Mazita anozivikanwa zvikuru ekutanga begonias ndeyeRoyal, Metallica, Tiger nevamwe.
2. Kushongedza uye maruva. Izvi zvinosanganisira begonias nemaruva akanaka emhando dzakasiyana-siyana: begonia nguva dzose-inoyerera Baby Vin, Elatior, Ambasador, nezvimwewo.

Inini inowedonia begonia?

Kana iwe ukapa maruva e begonia kutarisirwa kwakanaka kumba, ipapo ichapenya kwenguva refu. Nokuda kweizvi inodiwa nevakawanda vaflorist. Kuzadza pakutanga kwechinyakare, mukati mevhu maruva begonia anochekesa imba kana imba kusvikira pakupera kwekupedzisira. Mimwe yemhando dzayo, somuenzaniso, iyo nguva dzose inotumbuka Elathior, inogona kungoerekana ichizadza munguva yechando. Yakadyarwa mumugwagwa, chimiro ichi chinobhururuka mumwedzi yezhizha: kubva munaJune kusvika munaSeptember.

Sei mhepo yekutenga begonia isingaiti?

Kazhinji, begonia inzvimbo inoguma kumira nekuda kwekusakwanira kwakakwana kwayo. Miti yacho inogona kusada mitemo yakadaro yekutarisira nekugadzirisa:

• chiedza chiduku;
• mweya wakaoma kwazvo;
• kutonhora kwakanyanya kuderera kana kukwirira;
• kunyanya fertilizer;
• kuvapo kwemahofisi.

Paunobvisa kukanganisa uku kose, begonia yako yakaisvonaka, kutarisira kumusha izvo zviri nyore, kuchawedzerazve. Kana izvi zvisingaitiki, unogona kushandisa izvo zvinodanwa kuti "zuva rezuva". Nokuda kweizvi, kwemavhiki maviri, zvakakosha kuvhara begonia nefirimu yakasviba, nokudaro kugadzirisa nemazuva zuva rechiedza. Panguva ino, buds inotanga kumira zvakasimba paari. Zvadaro zuva rechiedza zvishoma nezvishoma rinotanga kuwedzera.

Chikamu cheBagonia - kutarisira

Kana iwe ukacherechedza maruva akafanana neBeneonia, kutarisira kwakanaka kumba, kuchachengetedza maitiro akanaka, uye maruva ayo achava akawanda uye kwenguva refu. Izvi zvinotevera zviratidzo zvinonyanya kukosha pane izvi:

1. Lighting. Zuva ramazuva anodikanwa zvakakosha nokuda kwemaruva begonias, asi kubva kune zuva rakananga rinopisa zviri nani kuti pritenyat kuti mashizha haapisi.
2. Kupisa. Begonias yakanyatsokodzera kugara muzhizha 20-22 ° C uye munguva yechando 15-18 ° C.
3. Humidity of air. Kuchengetedza uye kukura begonia kumusha ndiko kuve nechokwadi chemamiriro ayo emvura, haufaniri kuchipfira. Zviri nani kuisa mubhodhi pamwe chete nemiti mumutanda unowanikwa muhari yakakura. Pasi pose pakarongedza massie, uye nguva nenguva inodiridza nemvura, iyo, inoputika, inopa begonia nemvura inodikanwa.

Muti wekumukati begonia

Kudyara tsinde shoma yeBabonia, unoda hoka duku 5-6 cm muhukuru nemigodhi yemvura. Inenge mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, apo chigadzirwa cheimba yeB begonia chinokura midzi yakakwana, inofanira kuiswa mumudziyo mukuru, iyo yakareba 8-10 cm.Ikutsvazve, zvichienderana nemidzi yakagadzirwa, inofanira kuitika mushure megore, uye pombi inofanira kutorwa chechitatu kupfuura yepakutanga . Kana iwe usingateereri mutemo uyu uye kubvira pakutanga iwe unodyara maruva mumusana mukuru kwazvo, ipapo midzi yawo inogona kutanga kuora.

Dongo remukati begonia

Maruva aB begonia, kutarisira kumusha uko, kunosanganisira mukudyara kwakakodzera, unoda ivhu rakagadzikana uye rakasununguka. Sezvo midzi isina simba uye ine nyoro, pasi yebheabonia yekamuri inofanira kunge iri mhepo-uye unyoro-inogoneka, uye acidity yevhu haina simba. Nzvimbo yekuberiya inogona kutengwa muchitoro. Kana iwe uchida kuzvinyora iwe pachako, zvino musanganiswa unofanira kuva nezvinhu zvakadaro:

• peat - 2 zvikamu;
• mashizha pasi - 2 zvikamu;
• jecha - 1 chikamu;
• compost - 1 chikamu.

Nokuda kwekunaka kwevhu, unogona kuwedzera vermiculite, kokonati fiber kana perlite. Zvakanaka kuderedza asidi yevhu ivhu kana hupfu hwe dolomite. Mushonga wakagadzirirwa unofanirwa kusvibiswa, kubvisa zvose zvakakura zvinowanikwa. Mushure mokunge, nyika inofanira kuve yakazara nemvura inodzika kana kubikwa muchoto. Izvi zvinoparadza zvose zvinobvira pathogenic microorganisms. Pazasi kwehari, uzadza majera kana kuti akawedzerwa ivhu.

Nzira yekudiridza begonia kumba sei?

Iyi yakanaka yokupura imba yakawanda kwazvo. Nokudaro, kudiridza begonia kumba ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinokosha zvekutarisira maruva. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kunamatira kune mamwe mitemo:

1. Ronga hurongwa hwemvura pasi peti.
2. Mvura inofanira kunwa mumhepo yechando, yakadzivirirwa masikati.
3. Moisten ivhu rinofanira kuva kana rakaoma pakadzika 1.5 cm.
4. Mumwaka wechando-yechando, shandisai maruva kamwe pavhiki. Iyo tuberous begonia inowanikwa mumvura yakaoma kazhinji pasina kudiridza.
5. Muzhizha, kunwa kunofanira kuwedzera. Mvura kuitira kuti mvura yakanyanyisa inopfuurira mumakomba emvura.
6. Kusiya nguva inopisa kunoreva kunwisa begonia zuva nezuva.
7. Usabvumira kupera kwemvura, kazhinji kunotungamirira kumidzi yakaora.
8. Kunwisa kunofanira kuva pamudzi, sezvo vazhinji begonias vasingadi unyoro pamaruva uye mashizha.

Kudyara begonia kumba

Kutarisira kweduva racho kunosanganisira kupora periodic. Vatangi vekutanga vanofarira nzira yekutsvaga begonia kumba. Chiratidzo chechokwadi chokuti ichi chinofanira kuitwa ndeche midzi inobva kunze kwegomba remvura. Ngwarira kutora begonia kubva muhari uye usunungure midzi kubva muvhu rekare. Kwemaminitsi makumi matatu, ivaiise muchinese chinopenya che potassium permanganate, uye mushure mekugeza pasi pemvura yemvura, muchibvisa midzi yakaoma kana yakaora. Mushure mokumesa zvishomanana, tinosima gwenzi muhari, iro rakakura kudarika rakapfuura.

Kudyisa begonia kumba

Vaya vanofarira maitiro ekutarisira musha begonia, iwe unofanira kuziva kuti chimwe chezvinhu zvekuchengetedza ndezvekugadzirisa mbeu. Mazaya begonias anoda kudyiwa kaviri pamwedzi, kubva panguva yavanenge vaine buds. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa mari inotarisirwa kumira mbeu, ine phosphorus uye potassium. Kuvekorora uye kuchenesa begonia kunoda nitrogen fertilizer. Kana mabhidhiyo akadaro anoshandiswa kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana, ipapo maruva haagone kuitika zvachose.

Begonia - kuchengetwa kwemusha pashure pokutenga

Vaya varimi vemaruva avo vanosarudza kupfekedza imba yavo nemiti yakanaka, unoda kuziva zvimwe zvepfungwa dzakanakisisa dzekutarisira maruva e begonia kumba shure kwekutenga kwayo:

1. Kusarudza nzvimbo. Kana uBhegonia iwe wave wakaonekwa muchikwata kana munguva yechando, zviri nani kuisa kune kumavirazuva kana kumabvazuva kwewindo, uye kutengwa muzhizha kunofanira kuiswa kumaodzanyemba kwewindo sill. Edza kusabvumira zvikwata uye usafambisa mudziyo kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo.
2. Kunwisa. Pakarepo mushure mekutenga begonia, mvura haifaniri kunwisa. Kana mukamuri yacho ichipisa zvakanyanya uye yakaoma, unogona kuisa pikari yemvura pedyo newaini. Mushure mekugadzirisa nguva, muti unogona kunwisa kana zvichidiwa.
3. Transplantation. Pakarepo mushure mekutenga, usakurumidza kupfutidza begonia, kunyanya kana ichibhururuka. Mukugadziriswa, chete chimiro chakasvibiswa kana ivhu mukati maro rekusava nehutano hunoda.
4. Quarantine. Inopedza vhiki mbiri, uye pashure pekupera kwayo inogona kuisa begonia pedyo nemamwe maruva.

Begonia - kumba kwekuchengeta muchando

Kana imba yenyu yakasvibira muzhizha rose, ipapo nekutanga kwechando, ane nguva yekuzorora. Kukura nekutarisira begonia panguva yekurara munguva yechando ndeyotevera:

1. Hazvifanirwi kuiswa panzvimbo ino.
2. Deredza kunwisa. Kuti usakonzera kuora kwemidzi, maruva anogona kunwisa panguva ino chete kana ivhu riri muhari richioma chose.
3. Kudza mweya. Sezvo nguva yekudziya muimba ichiva yakaoma zvakanyanya, zvinokwanisika kuputira mhepo muimba kubva paatomizer kana kuti kusungira jira rakadzika pamabhatiri.

Nzira yekugadzira begonia kumba sei?

Paunenge uchikura maruva e begonia, kutarisirwa kumba kunoteverwa nekuchekerera. Pasina izvi, iwe haugoni kukura muti wakanaka. Kana ikasaitwa, tsvina ichadzika, maruva achava akaonda, uye mashizha - asina kudzika. Trimming begonia kumba kunodiwa kuti agadzire korona yakanaka nekuvandudza maruva. Zvakanakisisa kuita izvi mukuwa. Vane ruzivo varimi vemaruva vanokurudzira nzira iyi yekuchera musha begonia begonia:

1. Kwenguva yekutanga, vechidiki begonia vanofanira kutemwa kana mashizha ayo achikwira kusvika pakureba 6-7 cm.Chidimbu chacho chinochekwa nemupi unopinza, izvo zvinokurudzira kukura kwemashure.
2. Mushure mokudaro, kudiridza kunofanira kuderedzwa vasati vatanga kukura kwemafuro matsva.
3. Pangosara iyo inowedzera yakakura kusvika masendimita 10, mazano avo anofanirwawo kutemwa, kuve nechokwadi kuti kuchekerera kunoitwa pamusoro peinso inokura mumuganhu wekunze.
4. Mune ramangwana, zvakakosha kupfupisa zvakatambanudzwa kubva kune dzimwe nguva, uyewo kubvisa yakasvibiswa tsvina kuti igadzire korona yakanaka.

Nzira yekuparidza sei begonia kumba?

Vasina ruzivo rwemaruva-varimi-vanoda vanoda kuziva kuti begonia inowanikwa muimba yacho inowedzera sei. Nzira dzokubereka nadzo dzinoenderana nemhando yemaruva uye midzi yayo:

1. Cuttings. Saka ivo begonias vane stem yakawanda. Cheka tsvina inenge gumi masendimita masere, bvisa mashizha pasi, uye ucheke hafu yepamusoro. Mushure mokumisa mapetanga, tema dope muvhu, mudururire muhari, kusvika pamashizha. Sipling yakafukidzwa nehombodo yeplastiki, uye mumwedzi uchagamuchira begonia itsva.
2. Mbeu. Nenzira iyi, dzose dzemaruva begonias dzinobereka. Panzvimbo yakasviba yekutengesa ivhu yakapararira mbeu, zvichinyanya kuderera muvhu (usasasa ivhu). Pamusoro ne packet uye muise mukupisa. Mbeu dzinofanira kuonekwa mumavhiki maviri. Nechitarisiko chemashizha, mbeu inoshandiswa mumikombe.
3. Nokuparadzanisa gwenzi. Muchirimo gwenzi guru rebhegonia rinogona kugoverwa. Tinoibvisa kubva muhari, simbura midzi mumvura uye tema muti pamwe nebanga kuitira kuti mumagadziro ega maine pane imwe germ kana tsindi. Tsvina inosasa mazimbe akaomeswa, sara miti matsva muhari dzakasiyana uye uidururire.
4. Kuberekwa nemashizha. Inoshandiswa kubhesioni iyo isina shina. Zvakakosha kudonha rimwe jira rakanaka. Isa iri panopenga ndege uye ucheke marutatu nekapi inopinza kuitira kuti mumwe nomumwe ave nemasvini maviri. Isai zvimedu zvidimbu muvhu rakaoma uye uvhare kumusoro nehomwe. Apo inomera inowoneka, majaya mashoma akadyarwa muhari.

Zvirwere zvemukamuri begonia

Zvirwere zvebukira iri zvakabatana zvakananga nehutano hwekutarisira, uye hazvina basa pasinei nokuti begonia kubva kumbeu yakakura mumusha kana kukura nemuti mukuru. Pane hutano hwakadaro:

1. Grey mold - pamaruva acho uye asiya ruvara rwebhuruu-ruvara runoonekwa.
2. Powdery mildew - mashizha uye mashizha akafukidzwa nemachena mavara nenzira yehupfu.
3. Nzira yakasvibirira - midzi yemaruva inotanga kushandura dema nekuora.
4. Makatekiti mosaic chirwere - mashizha akaoma, anoonekwa mavara ejena nemhete.
5. Nematodes - midzi yakaonekwa pamidzi, uye mashizha acho akaiswa pachena.