Zvinodhaka zvinonzi anticoagulants zvakagadzirirwa kuderedza ropa kuvhara nekudzivisa kuumbwa kwe fibrin. Izvi zvinodzivisa kuumbwa kweropa. Chirwere ichi chinoshandiswa mune zvose zvirwere chaiye uye senhengo inodzivirira. Antikoagulant mazano anogona kunge ari mahwendefa, sekujekesa kana mafuta. Iyi yekupedzisira ndiyo inowanikwa. Muchiitiko ichi, mumhando ipi uye yakawanda zvakakosha kutora chinhu ichocho, ndiye nyanzvi anofanirwa kuziva, zvisinei kana mushonga unogona kukonzera kwete kungokuvadza chete, asiwo unokonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba.
Anticoagulants yakakamurwa kuva magadziro ezvakananga uye zvisingaoneki. Mhedzisiro huru pakati pemapoka maviri ndeyekuti inodzivisa sei kugadzirwa kwe thrombi. Izvi zvinokoshawo kuti magadzirira anowirirana neanticoagulants emhando dzakasiyana.
Anticoagulants of action direct
Kugadzirira kweanticoagulants yekuita zvakananga kunokwanisa chete kudzivisa chiito chekutapudza. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana pane plasma cofactors. Iyo huru pakati pavo ndeye antithrombin III.
Mishonga yakadaro ndeyeboka rehumwe husingazivikanwi thrombin inhibitors, inonziwo antithrombin III-inodavirwa thrombin inhibitors. Iri boka rinosanganisira pasi-ne-medium-molecular heparins:
- heparin sodium;
- heparin calcium;
- supraparin calcium;
- enoxaparin sodium;
- parnaparin sodium
- reviparin sodium;
- cybernyne;
- deltaparin sodium;
- sodium hydrocitrate.
Heparin anokwanisa kumisa basa rezvimwe zvinhu zve hemostasis. Chokutanga pane zvose, izvi zvinoreva kallikrein, IXa, Xa, Xia, XIIa.
Rwendo rwekugadzirira kururamisa anticoagulants:
- Lyoton 1000 (gel);
- Xarelto (mapiritsi);
- Dolabene (gel);
- Heparin (injections);
- Heparin Acrigel 1000 (gel);
- Venitane H (kirimu);
- Venolife;
- Thrombless (gel);
- Gepatrombin G (mafuta).
Anticoagulants yezviito zvisingaoneki
Anticoagulants dzisina kujeka dzinosanganisira zvinodhaka zvinoparadza thrombin, izvo, zvechokwadi, zvinoshanda kupfuura kumisa basa rayo. Iri boka re anticoagulants rinosanganisira hirudin uye mifananidzo yakagadzirwa, inosanganisira:
- girugen;
- girulog;
- argatroban;
- RASK.
Kugadzirira kusina kunyatsozivikanwa anticoagulants kunonzi kusarudzwa kana zvakananga inhibitor ye thrombin, sezvo zvisingatenderi ne antithrombin III ne thrombin inhibitors.
Rwendo rwekugadzirira anticoagulants dzisina kurongeka:
- Warfarin Nycomed (mahwendefa);
- Phenylline (mapiritsi).
Contraindications
Anticoagulants ane zvinopesana, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa. Nokudaro, mishonga haigoni kupiwa kuvanhu vane zvirwere zvinotevera uye zvinetso:
- zvirwere zvepachiviri chemuviri uye chido chekubuda ropa (semuenzaniso, peptic ulonda, kubuda ropa kunopa);
- zvirwere zveropa, kusanganisira cardinal fibrosis yechiropa, chisingaperi chehepatitis;
- urolithiasis;
- zviratidzo zveinso kukanganisa;
- zvirwere zveropa, apo hemostatic nzira dzakaputsika (semuenzaniso, thrombocytopenic purpura);
- C- uye K-vitamini kukwana;
- subacute septic endocrine;
- cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis.
Izvo hazvikurudzirwi kutora mishonga ne anticoagulants kune vakadzi vane pamuviri.
Migumisiro Yechiri
Anticoagulant madhiragi ane mimwe miviri inoshandiswa inofanira kuongororwa vasati vatora mishonga. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- kurwisa ;
- musoro, fever, asthenia;
- necrosis yeganda;
- kushaya njodzi basa;
- kushungurudzika, kuonekwa kwezvironda mumuromo, kurwadziwa kwepamuviri, chirwere chekushushikana, kurarisa, kurutsa uye kurutsa;
- priialism;
- kunyorera, kupisa, mhanza;
- kuvhiringidza itsvo.