Mapuroteni zvivako ndiwo chinhu chikuru chekuvaka mumuviri womunhu. Mapuroteni emakemikari aripo mune zvinyorwa zvezvisikwa mune zvimwe zviyero, uye kana paine kuderera kana kuwedzerwa mumusana wavo, munhu anogona kutaura pamusoro pekuputsika kwemamwe mabasa emuviri. Pamusoro pemitengo uye kukanganisa kwechiratidzo ichocho semaproteni mumuguta, ngatitaurezve.
Zvirineni mumugini - zvinorevei?
Kuita ma laboratory ekuongorora urine, mapuroteni anoongororwa zvirokwazvo, sezvo ichi chiyeuchidzo chinonyanya kukosha. Urini yakaumbwa muitsvo kuburikidza nekusvibiswa kubva muropa kunowanzova nemaproteni zvinyorwa chete mumutsananguro, izvo, zviduku zvikuru, izvo zviri pamugumo wekuona kushandiswa nemaitiro ekuongorora. Nekushanda kwechirongwa chekutsvaga kwetsvo, mapuroteni emapuroteni, nekuda kwehukuru hwavo hukuru, haagoni kupinda mukati memuti, naizvozvo chinhu chokutanga icho proteine mumuguta zvinoreva kusakosha kwesimbi yekutsvaira tsvina.
MaProtein mumuginhi, uyo unowanzo hausi kupfuura 0,033 g / l (8 mg / dl) mune vanhu vane utano, muvakadzi vane pamuviri vanogona kuonekwa mune zvakakwana kusvika 0.14 g / l, iyo inonzi inofanirwa. Aya maitiro anotarisa nzira yekugadzirisa sulfosalicylic acid. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mufananidzo wakavimbika unowanikwa kwete nehuwandu hwepuroteni nemakemikari mune imwe chete yemuguta, asi neproteiniti yega yega mumuginho, yakagadziridzwa muhuwandu hwemvura inogadzirwa neitsvo muzuva rimwe.
Proteinuria - marudzi uye nzira dzekusimudzira
Mamiriro ayo muurini anoratidza puroteni iri mumatende akakwirira kudarika iyo inonzi proteinuria. Muchiitiko ichi, muviri unorasikirwa kupfuura 150 mg yeprotein fractions pazuva. Syndrome of proteinuria inogona kuva yepanyama (inoshanda) kana inoratidzira, uye haisi nguva dzose inobatanidza nekushaya kushanda kwekuvhenekera.
Functional proteinuria
Kuwedzera kwenguva pfupi mupuroteni mumuguta, iyo inopfuvura bhendi, dzimwe nguva inowanikwa kune vanhu vane utano mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Kusvika panguva ino, nzira dzekusimbiswa kwebasa reproteinuria hadzina kuongororwa zvizere, asi zvinofungidzirwa kuti izvi zvinokonzera kusakosha kweiyo renal system pasina kushandiswa kwemaatomical. Physiological proteinuria inogoverwa mumhando inotevera:
- Orthostatic proteinuria (postural) - inowanikwa kune vechiduku vane muviri we-asthenic mushure mekugara kwenguva refu mumire kana mushure mokufamba, uye mushure mokunge musara muine nzvimbo yepamusoro haisipo (naizvozvo mumangwanani mangwanani mapuroteni haana kuonekwa).
- Feverish - inotsanangurwa munguva dzefivha, pamwe chete nokudhakwa kwemuviri.
- Zvokudya - pashure pokudya zvokudya zvakawanda, zvakazara nemaprotein.
- Centrogenic - somugumisiro wokurwisa kushungurudzika, kugunun'una kweuropi.
- Emotional - nekutambudzika kukuru, kushungurudza mupfungwa.
- Kushanda (proteinuria yenharo) - kunobva pakunyanyisa muviri, kudzidziswa (nemhaka yokuputsa kwenguva pfupi ropa kunyiro).
Pathological proteinuria
Puroteni yakakura mumuguta inogona kuve yakashandurwa uye ichiwedzera. Izvo zvinoratidzirwa zvinowanzoitwa muitsvo zvakabva kune nzira dzakasiyana, zvichienderana neizvi:
- Glomerular proteinuria - inobatanidza nekukuvadza kweropa rinopenya, kukura kwehutachiona hwebhlomeri inonzi basal membrane (muhuwandu hwakawanda kubva muropa mumurini inoshandiswa mapuroteni eplasma).
- Tubular proteinuria inokonzera kusakanganiswa mumatare emhuka dzinokonzerwa nehutachiona kana hutano hunoshanda, umo kukwanisa kubvisa zvakare mapuroteni kurasikirwa, kana kuti mapuroteni anokonzerwa ne epithelium tubular.
Kubva pakuoma kwekukuvadza kune glomerular filter, glomerular proteinuria inogoverwa mumhando dzinotevera:
- Selective proteinuria - inoitika neshure duku (kazhinji rinoshandurwa), rinoratidzwa nekupinda kwepuroteni ine mashoma maserosi.
- Non-selective proteinuria - inoratidza chironda chakakomba, umo marefu kana kuti masero molecular weight zvikamu zvinopinda muGomberular barrier.
Mhando dzinotevera dzisina kukodzera hazvibatanidzi nehutano hwehutano muitsvo:
- Proteinuria yepamusoro-soro (prerenal), iyo inokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwepamusoro uye kuunganidza muropa reropa rine mapuroteni ane pasi mashoma mashekeri (myoglobin, hemoglobin).
- Postrednaya - pamusana pekuvhara mumuguta, iyo inoshandisa mafiritsi, mucus uye mapuroteni exudate nekuputika kwemuyori kana marital genit.
Isolate proteinuria, iyo inoratidzwa nekuvapo kwekuwedzera kwenhamba yemapuroteni mumaguta pasina kushungurudza renal basa, zvimwe zviratidzo kana zvinetso. Varwere vane chirwere ichi vane pangozi yakawanda yekukura kweputsvo mushure memazana mashomanana. Kakawanda, puroteni inosunungurwa pamusana we 2 g pazuva.
Proteinuria - zvikamu
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hweprotini mumuguta, pane zvikamu zvitatu zveproteinuria:
- Zvishoma zvinotaurwa (zvisina basa) - 150-500 mg pazuva;
- anonyatsorondedzera - 500-2000 mg pazuva;
- inokosha proteinuria (yakaratidzwa) - kupfuura 2000 mg pazuva.
Zvirineni mumuginho zvinokonzera
Tichifunga kuti nei chiprotini mumuguta ichiwanika kwenguva yakareba, tichatarisa zvakasiyana zvinokwanisika zvinokonzerwa nehutano kukuvara uye zvimwe zvirwere. Zvichida renal zvinokonzera mapuroteni mumuti ndeaya anotevera:
- ideopathic glomerulonephritis ;
- pyelonephritis ;
- chirwere chinonzi polycystic kidyo;
- amyloidosis yeizinso ;
- glomerulosclerosis;
- chifuba chetsvo;
- lupus nephritis;
- acute tubular necrosis;
- chisingarangarirwi kukanganwa kweiyo mafungiro ekuchinja;
- thrombosis yemavheya emvura;
- itsvo tumors;
- kunetseka kuinso.
Zvinokonzerwa nechirwere chekuwedzera:
- kupfuurira kwehutano;
- zvirwere zvinoputira uye zvirwere zvejenitourinary system;
- Toxicinfections;
- shuga uye chirwere cheshuga insipidus ;
- zvirwere zvinouraya zvirwere;
- kukuru-kupisa;
- kenza yemapapu ;
- zvirwere zvinosuruvarisa zvekugadzira muviri.
Urinalysis - Proteinuria
Kubva pakutsvakurudza kwakadaro, seproteinuria zuva nezuva, kunorumbidzwa nguva dzose kuvarwere vane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfungwa. Kune vamwe vanhu vose, kuongororwa uku kunorayirwa kana kuwedzerwa kweprotini yakagadziriswa kunoonekwa panguva yakawanda yerino test. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha chaizvo kutumira zvakanyanyiswa mashoko ekutsvakurudza kuitira kuti urege kudzivirirwa mhinduro.
Daily proteinuria - sei kutora muedzo?
Kana uchida kuziva kuti proteinuria yezuva nezuva yakafanana, sei kutora urini, mitemo inotevera ichaita kuti:
- Pazuva rekusunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvekuongorora, kunwa nekudya zvekudya kunofanirwa kunge kwave kuzivikanwa, kusashandurwa.
- Iko yakagadziriswa inoshandiswa yakasvibiswa, ine volume yemaminita matatu, iyo yakavharwa chisimbiso.
- Mambakwedza mangwanani chikamu chemuti hachisi kuenda.
- Mhedziso yekupedzisira yemuyo inoitwa maawa makumi maviri nemaviri mushure mekutanga kwekuunganidza.
- Pamberi pekudzungaira, iwe unofanira kushamba mazamu ako nemvura inodziya nenzira yehutano hwepedyo kunze kwekunhuhwirira uye ovhara nemucheka wekotoni.
- Pakuguma kwekusanganiswa kwemuti, anenge 100 mami yemabhuku akaunganidzwa anokandirwa mumudziyo mutsva usina kukwana kubva pauwandu hune simba uye huendeswa ku laboratori mukati maawa maviri.
Proteinuria ndiyo inowanzo
Zvinotendwa kuti chimiro chepuroteni mumuguta wemunhu mukuru ane utano, anounganidzwa mukati mezuva rokuzorora, anenge anenge 50-100 mg. Kupfuurira kurondedzero ye 150 mg / zuva ndicho chikonzero chakakosha chekutinhira alamu uye kuziva chikonzero chekutsauka, izvo zvimwe zviongorori zvinogona kurongerwa. Kana kuunganidzwa kwemuti nokuda kwekudzidzira kunoitwa kunze kwemashure emitambo yepanyama, muganhu wepamusoro wezvigadzirwa unotarirwa pa 250 mg / zuva.
Zvirineni mumugini - kurapwa
Sezvo kuwedzera kweprotini mumuguta hakusi hutachiona hwezvirwere, asi chimwe chekuratidzwa kwechirwere, zvinodiwa kurapa chirwere chinotungamirira kune chirwere chakadaro. Nzira dzokurapa dzinogona kuve dzakasiyana kwazvo, zvichienderana nehutano uye hutsinye hwechirwere ichi, zvirwere zvinokonzera, makore. Kazhinji kana chimiro chacho chichivandudzika muhutachiona hukuru, proteinuria inoderedza kana inopera.