Sweet mbatata yam - mitemo inokura

Zvokudya zvinokosha uye fodya mbeu sezvinotapira mazamu inokura munzvimbo dzakasvibirira uye kune dzimwe nyika, asi inogonawo kukura munzvimbo inotonhora. Miti inoshandiswa kugadzira ndiro yakasiyana yakagadzirwa, yakabikwa, yakabikwa, yakaomeswa, iyo yakagadzirwa neshuga, upfu, doro uye molasses yakagadzirirwa.

Mbatatisi yebhodhoro mbatata

Vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa nezveitapu, asi zvakananga, rudzi rwemiti, vakawanda havazivi. Mambatata mishonga ine miriwo ine tuberous ine tambo yakafanana nehupukanana, bhanana, pineapple, karoti zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Iyo mbatata ine starch, iyo inonyanya kugadzirisa calcium uye carotene. Chirwere chechimiro chinopiwa kwacho ne glucose, iyo iri mune pulp yakawanda. Iko kunofungidzirwa kuti yakasimba kudzvinyirira, kuchenesa ropa kubva mukutengesa kweklesterol, kunokurudzira kugadziriswa kwemaperembudzi, kunoderedza marwadzo omusana kana uchidya miriwo usati washandisa. Fiber inowedzera kushandiswa kwemasabolism mumuviri.

Bathat - marudzi

Munyika kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana eitamu. Kunze kwakasiyana:

• chimiro chezviyo (zvakapoteredza, ribbed, fusiform);
• mumvuri wepeeri (kubva kumachena kusvika kumhangura-machungwa);
• maridza nyama (chena, tsvuku, karoti, tsvuku, tsvuku).

Mhando dzakasiyana dzakaparadzaniswa kuva dessert, yemiriwo uye yezvokudya, zvinoratidzwa nehuwandu hweglucose, carotene uye kutora. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinotapira zvinotapira zvekudya:

1. Kukunda 100. Zvokudya zvinotanga kuibva zvakasiyana-siyana nemhando yerin orange. Apo tubers inorara pasi, inonaka semakungu nebhanana.
2. Beauregard. Kurwisana nezvirwere, kukohwa kwakanyanya, hazviiti. Iyo rindhi yakasviba-ine ruvara rwemaruva machena, rakapfuma mu carotene.
3. George's Red. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinofananidzwa nechepakati nepakati yenyika. Tipei ine ganda remhangura uye nyama yakasvibirira mufomu yakasvibirira kubva kumatekate kuti tatewa haisi yakasiyana, mushure mokubika kubika.

Ko mbatata inokura sei?

Utapu hwakatsetseka ndehuya hunopisa-gore, hunosvika mamiriyoni mashanu mire kure, hunopararira pamwe chete nevhu uye hudzika midzi. Kureba kwegwenzi iri 15-18 cm, mashizha pamiti yacho petiolate, palchate-lobed kana cordate. Izvozvo zvinokonzera midzi yeitamate thicken zvakasimba, maitiro akabatanidzwa nemirau isina ocelli nenyama inodyiwa, ruvara rwayo runobva pane zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvibereko zvebateti zvine masendimita 200 kusvika ku 3 kg, zvakasiyana-siyana yemiriwo nekuda kwezvakasiyana zviri mukati meglucose zvine ruvara rwakasiyana - runotapira kana kwete.

Zvinotapira sei?

Muchikamu chemashizha eitabatata, maruva akafanana nemapuranga anotaridzika mu pink, mavara machena kana maruva elac, akafanana akafanana neyakura convolvulus. Vanoumba mabhururu e3-7 buds. Pedicels ine urefu hwakafanana neyeti petioles yemashizha. Batat inomera yezvirimwa nemisipiresi yemisipiresi, inoitwa zvikuru nenyuchi. Mazhinji emarimi aya akashaya simba ravo rekuita zvepabonde, vazhinji havafari zvachose, asi vamwe vanofarira mafungiro uye kunyange maitiro emabhokisi emasikati, madema kana maronda ane chidimbu che 3.5 - 4.5 mm.

Ungadyara sei mbatata?

Iwe unogona kukura mbatata yeitapatata nembeu kana kuburikidza nemichero, iyo inowanikwa mushure mokumera kwehutachi. Nzira yekutanga inoda nguva yakawanda uye simba. Usati wagadzira mbatata nembeu, zvinokosha kuwana mbeu yakanaka. Kukura kuburikidza nemichero kunowanzoshamisa, zvinokwanisika kuisa zvakadaro kuwedzera kwemuti kunyange kuvarimi-vatangisi. Kudyara tuber muvhu pakarepo, semapatatisi, hazvikurudzirwi - tsika dzinobereka kwenguva refu uye hazvizove nenguva yekuumba michero musati watanga kwechando.

Kudyara mbatata tubers

Chokutanga pane zvose, iwe unoda kutenga tubers, panzvimbo duku vachatoda chete zvishoma. Kudyara zvinhu zvakasvibiswa mune imwe nzira isina simba yemhangura sulfate. Nyorera mbatata yekumera inowanikwa munguva yechando munaJanuary - February, nekuda kwechinangwa bhokisi re 15-20 cm pakureba rakakodzera.Ari mumakomba ayo ari pasi akadonhedzwa, mudziyo unowanikwa pahuloti ndokuiswa pahwindo rewindo. Kudyara mbatata ne tubers:

• substrate yakagadzirirwa kubva kumativi akafanana evhu rakavhurika, humus uye jecha. Iko kusanganiswa kunofanira kubikwa kwechinguva muchoto;
• chikamu chechitatu chebhokisi chizere nevhu, jecha rinofanira kunge riri pamusoro nepakadzika 3 cm;
• Zvirwere zvakasvibiswa nehutachiona zvinokonzerwa nevhu rakaiswa muvhu, zvishoma zvakamanikidzwa uye zvakadururira jecha muhupamhi hwe 3-4 cm. Dzinofanira kunge dzakapindirwa muvhu;
• kutonhora kwekumera kunodiwa mukati me18-27 ° C, substrate inogara ichidirirwa;
• Madzika anoonekwa mushure memazuva makumi matatu, kana asvika pakureba kwemasentimita gumi nemasere akaparadzaniswa ndokuiswa mumvura, kuitira kuti midzi ioneke, zvino inowanikwa mumikombe;
• inobvisa kubva kune tubers inogona kubviswa kusvika kanomwe, mazuva gumi nerimwe;
• muvhu rakavhurwa mbeu inodyarwa muchero, apo ivhu rinoputika kusvika ku15 ° C, uye kupisa kwemhepo kunosvika + 25 ° C;
• pane imwe nzvimbo yekugadzira matanda mumvura yakadzika ye sm uye mvura yavo;
• chirongwa chekudyara: kureba pakati pemiti 40 cm, pakati pemiganhu - 70 cm;
• Mbeu dzinowedzera ne 2 internodes, dzakachengetedzwa nemabhodhoro epurasitiki kana midziyo yegirazi, iyo inobatsira kuti ive nani. Mushure mekuonekwa kwemashizha matsva, hugaro hunobviswa.

Kudyara mbatata muvhu ne mbeu

Kukura kwekutapira nembeu kunotanga mumakore gumi nemaviri aFebruary. Kuti uite izvi, gadzirira musanganiswa wekusununguka pasi, humus uye yakawanda jecha muzvikamu zvakaenzana. Mbeu dzakasvibiswa nedzimwe sarudzo mu potassium permanganate uye dzakaomeswa. Mitemo yekugadzirisa:

• Mbeu dzinozadzwa ne-substrate yemuviri, mbeu inenge yakabatanidzwa mukati mavo nekudzika kwe 1.5-2 cm;
• zvirimwa zvakafukidzwa nefirimu, yakaiswa munzvimbo inotonhora, inogara ichidiridza;
• Mbeu dzinotapira mbatata dzinofungidzirwa dzakagadzirirwa kudyarwa muvhu rakavhurika apo dzinosvika pakakwirira mamita makumi maviri nemashanu;
• kwemavhiki mashomanana vasati vatumidza michero yakaomeswa - inotorwa kunze kwemazuva akawanda.

Ndeipi iyo mbatata inokura?

Kana uchigadzirira kukura mbatata, kutarisa kwakanyanya kunofanira kubhadhara kunzvimbo iyo ichakura. Utapu hwakanaka - mamiriro ekubudirira kubudirira:

• nzvimbo yekutamba inofanira kudzivirirwa kubva kumhepo ine simba uye yakanyatsojeredzwa, simiti haifariri kunyange zvishoma zvishoma mumvuri;
• iyo ivhu rakanakisisa iine sandy, sandy loam, yakashambadza, neine asidi yepasi uye yakadzika yemvura pasi pano kupfuura mamiriyoni maviri;
• Muvhuvhu, manyowa anoshandiswa pakuchera - 3 kg yemuviri wepamusoro, 15 g ye potassium sulfate uye 20 g ye super- phosphate per 1 m ₂ . Dhaka reAicdic rinofanira kuwedzera kuwedzera. Mumwaka wevhu, ivhu rinosunungurwa uye 80 g nitrogen nitrate inowedzerwa;
• mbatatata inotapira yeitamate inokura zvakanaka pamasero epamusoro + 20 ° C, ichiderera kusvika ku10 ° C, muti wacho unomira kukura, uye pa1 ° C - anofa.

Nzira yekukura sei mbatata?

Chimiro chakakosha kuti isadzike midzi mu internodes, sezvo izvi zvinoderedza zvibereko zvayo. Nokudaro, simbi yematekhata inofanira kuve yakabviswa kubva pasi panguva yekurima nekudzivirira kuumbwa kwemashoko asingakoshi. Kana kurikuridza kunokosha kugadzirisa zvakasununguka masora, zvisinei kuti ivo vanodyara uye vanoderedza ivhu, uye muti unowedzera simba.

Kukohwa kuri pakati peSeptember. Iyo mbatata inonzi inobereka kana mashizha ayo uye mashizha ava mutsvuku uye anotanga kupera. Zvibereko zvinogadzirwa zvakanyatsonaka mumamiriro okunze akaoma, akaiswa pamubhedha wekupwa. Inogona kudyiwa pakarepo. Iyo tubers, inotarisirwa kuponesa, inochengetwa kwevhiki imwe chete pa 28-30 ° C, iyo yakagadzirirwa mumabhokisi, inogona kuchengetwa pa + 10 ° C kwemwedzi inoverengeka.

Batat - kutarisira

Mambatata yakagadzirwa nemasikirwo asina kusanaya, usada mvurarogging zvachose. Kudiridza kunofanira kuva yakawanda pakutanga, apo michero inotanga midzi. Pakutanga, vanovaka miviri yakawanda, uye ipapo masora anokura uye anonaya mumativi ose. Muchikamu chechipiri chezvinomera, kunwisa kunoderedzwa kamwechete mumazuva gumi. Apo mvura inonaya nguva dzose, haukwanise kuchenesa zvachose. Mavhiki matatu vasati vakohwa, kunwa kunomira.

Kubvira pakati paAugust, panguva yekukohwa uye kuumbwa kwe tubers sweet sweet potato inoda kuwedzera fertilizing. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa kamwechete pavhiki potassium fertilizer, iyo inokodzera huni madota. 1-2 magirazi eupfu anofanirwa kukurudzirwa mu 10 malita emvura, kushevedza kwemavhiki maviri, achiita kuti pave nenguva. Kuchengetedza imwe gita rezvakagadzirwa kune rimwe gwenzi.

Kuberekwa kwembatata

Nyorera mbatata zvinotapira kubereka tsvina pamatera uye cuttings. Chibereko chinosarudzwa kuti chibereke chinenge chakachengetedzwa pakushambidzika kwe + 10 ° C munzvimbo ine rima. Kuiswa mukati mechiedza uye zvakadzika nehafu mu substrate, vanopa zvinomera zviri nyore nyore. Akaiswa mumudziyo une mvura inoshandiswa mvura shure kwemazuva matatu kusvika ku7 anotanga midzi uye mitsva inodyarwa muhari. Gare gare vanotanga kusunungura mashizha.

Uyezve, zviri nyore kupa mizu uye kusati kwatemwa micheka yakasvibirira yakakurira muvhu munguva yekudonha kwetamu. Vakadyarwa mumudziyo, vachakurira michero yakaisvonaka uye vachabvongodza imba munguva yechando, uye mukati megore vachava tsime rekutsva patsva. Munyika vanodyara michero ye 15-20 masentimita cuttings, anogona nyore kuumbwa kuva muzadziro wakakwana.

Zvipembenene zveitamu

Chimiro chinonzi chinopesana nezvirwere nezvirwere, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuparadza kukohwa. Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika paunenge uchikura mbatata inotapira yakaisvonaka:

1. Makoronga kana mapuropa eMeyi anowanikwa. Zvirwere zvinosvika pasi uye zvinodya tubers. Kuparadza zvipembenene zvinobatsira kumwisa mabhedha nemishonga inokonzera Aktara, Aktofit, pamigwagwa yaunoda kuisa misungo yevanhu vakuru muna May nyuchi.
2. Slugs. Kunyanya kukanganisa mbatata yemidziyo mumvura inonaya. Panzvimbo iyo inofanirwa kuisa ndiro nembiya uye mushure mechinguva kutora zviduku.
3. Spider mite. Inobata mashizha uye zvinokonzera, kuparadza zvipembenene zvichabatsira kuputira gwenzi Fitoverm kana maoi eonisi, akadzimwa, chamomile yemakemikari.
4. Mheto yemavara. Fungal chirwere, chinogona kukanganisa mbesa, inoshandura tsvina. Kuti udzivirire chirwere ichi, kudyara mbatata yakanaka chete inoda kuve yakadonhedzwa, iyo substrate inofanira kudururwa kare nePhytosporin-M, kuitira kuti irege kuva yakaoma, evha shell inogona kuwedzerwa pasi.