PCR kuongororwa kwezvirwere

PCR, kana kuti zvimwe polymerase chain reaction, ndiyo nzira yebhishopi yekuongororwa kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopararira.

Iyi nzira yakagadzirwa naCary Muillis zvakare muna 1983. Pakutanga, PCR yakashandiswa chete nokuda kwezvesayenzi, asi pashure penguva yakati yakatanga kupinda munharaunda yemishonga inoshanda.

Icho chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuziva kuti causative agent yekutapurika muDNA uye maRNA zviduku. Pamusoro pechimwe chepathogen, pane chirevo cheDNA chidimbu chinokonzera kusikwa kwenhamba huru yemakopi ayo. Inofananidzwa ne database iripo ine ruzivo pamusoro pehutano hweDNA yezvinyorwa zvakasiyana zvemashiripiti.

Nekubatsira kwema polymerase chain reaction, zvinokwanisika kwete kungoona kuti hutachiwana, asiwo kuhupa huwandu hwekuongorora.

Apo PCC inoshandiswa kupi?

Kuongorora kwezvinhu zvakasikwa, zvichiitwa pamwe nekubatsirwa kwePCR, kunobatsira kuona hutachiona hwakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zvakavanzwa, izvo zvisingazviratidzi ivo sezviratidzo zvakananga.

Iyi nzira yekutsvakurudza inotibvumira kuziva zvirwere zvinotevera kuvanhu:

• herpes simplex virus of both types;
• HIV utachiona;
• gardnerellez ;
• chlamydia;
• ureaplasmosis;
• Candidiasis;
• mycoplasmosis;
• trichomoniasis;
• chirwere chepillomavirus ;
• pamwe nehepatitis B neC, chifuba chetachiona, Helicobacteriosis, infectious mononucleosis.

Paunenge uchigadzirira uye munguva yepamuviri, mukadzi anofanira kugoverwa PCR kuongorora zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvepabonde.

Biological material yePCR tsvakurudzo

Kuona zvirwere neCPR, zvinotevera zvinogona kushandiswa:

• urin, swab kubva munharaunda yemudzimai (mukati mevakadzi), swab kubva kuhutachiona, kuvhara kubva kumakumbo evanhu - kuongororwa zvirwere zvepabonde;
• ropa - nekutsvakurudza nezvekutapukira kweHIV uye hepatitis C;
• A smear kubva pamutsipa - kuti uongorore hutachiona hwemotokari.

Kubatsira uye kukanganisa kwePCR kuongororwa kwezvirwere

Izvo zvakakosha zvekuongororwa kwehutachiona, hutungamirirwa nemutemo wePCR unosanganisira:

1. Universality - apo dzimwe nzira dzokufungidzira hadzina simba, PCR inoona chero RNA neDNA.
2. Kunyatsoziva. Muchidzidzo chekudzidza, nzira iyi inoratidzira kuwirirana kweiucleotidi inowanikwa kune imwe pathogen yehutachiona. Polymerase chain chain inoita kuti zvive nyore kuona zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana mumashoko akafanana.
3. Kunzwisisa. Kutapukira paunoshandisa nzira iyi inowanikwa, kunyange kana zvayo zviri pasi.
4. Kubudirira. Kuziva kuti chinokonzera chirwere chinokonzera utachiona chinotora nguva shoma - maawa mashomanana chete.
5. Mukuwedzera, iyo polymerase chain reaction inobatsira kuona kuti kushanda kwemuviri womunhu kunopinda mairi kwezvirwere zvepathogenic, asi pathogen chaiyo. Nemhaka yeizvi, zvinokwanisika kuona chirwere chemurwere usati watanga kuzviratidza pachavo nezviratidzo zvakananga.

Iyo "minuses" yemugadziriro iyi inosanganisira kukosha kwekuteerera zvakasimba kune zvinodikanwa pakudzidzisa makamuri ekuraira uye ne-high-purity filters, kuitira kuti kusvibiswa kwezvisikwa zvipenyu zvakatorwa kuti kuongororwa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa hazviitiki.

Dzimwe nguva kuongororwa kunoitwa neCPR kunogona kupa mhinduro yakaipa pakuvapo kwezviratidzo zvakajeka zveimwe chirwere. Izvi zvinogona kuratidzira kusaita maererano nemitemo yekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvehupenyu.

Panguva imwecheteyo, chiitiko chakanaka chekuongororwa haisi nguva dzose chinoratidza kuti murwere ane chirwere chakasiyana. Saka, semuenzaniso, mushure mokurapa, mutambi akafa kune imwe nguva anopa chiitiko chakanaka chePCR tsananguro.