Kutanga kudzidza mubvunzo wekudyara kabichi muvhu rakazaruka, munhu anofanira kunzwisisa kuti pane zvakawanda zvinowedzera zvakanyanya kuibva kwezvirimwa izvi. Pasina kudiridza, kufungisa, kurongeka kwenguva yakakodzera masora nezvirwere, nhamba yakanaka yemisoro yemiti haigone kuwanikwa panzvimbo.
Ndeipi nzira yakakodzera yekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurika?
Usati waziva nzira dzekugadzirisa dambudziko racho, ungaita sei kabichi, iwe unoda kutenga, kana iwe pachako kukura mbeu yakanaka yevhu. Zvisikwa uye zvimedu zvakasanganiswa nekukura uye chinangwa chechibereko. Misoro yekutanga ndeyekuderera, kuidya mu saladhi uye nemimwe ndiro ndiro muzhizha. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakanyatsonaka, dzinogona kuchengetwa kwenguva pfupi muvhuvhu, uye nguva yechando yekatsi nemisoro yakaoma ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, inokwanisa kureva nhema kusvikira gore.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzekakichi:
- White cabbage ndeyekare uye yakakurumbira miriwo yemiriwo yevhu, yakakodzera kugadzirira mashizha ezvokudya, ine yakakura yezvokudya uye yezvokudya zvinokosha.
- Red cabbage - muchimiro chemusoro wekorogi inoratidzika semhando dzakachena-dzakatarisa, asi dzine violet-bluish. Chinangwa chikuru - saladi, kurutivi rwekudya, pickling.
- Savoy kabichi - mavara akasununguka misoro nemashizha akasvibiswa mashizha, akakwana kumashizha. Iyo inozivikanwa nokuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwe vitamini D, iron uye calcium, asi haina kunyatsochengetwa mufomu itsva.
- Koliflower - inoumba inflorescences inonakidza yemuchero wemuvara, ine uwandu hwakakosha hwekudya. Inokodzera muto, zvokudya zvakabikwa, casseroles.
- Broccoli - ine yakawanda yakafanana neholiflower, asi inflorescence yayo ndeye ruvara rwemavara, kuratidza zvakafanana neasparagus.
- Kohlrabi - yakasiyana zvikuru nechekunze kubva kune avo vakagara mberi, inoumba stalk yakaoma, inonaka seyesi ye michena yakadzika midzi. Kuzivikanwa kwekhohlrabi huzhinji hunhu hwezvokudya, hunobatsira pakwedzerwa kuwedzera, atherosclerosis, zvirwere zvenhengo dzomukati, zvinoshandiswa mukugadzirira kwe saladi uye garnishes.
Nzira yekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurwa mbeu?
Mukugadzirisa dambudziko rekudyara mbeu dzekakichi, zvinokosha zvikuru kukura zvizere zvembeu dzechi tsika. Zvinotarisirwa kuverenga kuti panguva yekuendeswa kwezvirimwa kune imwe nzvimbo yekusingaperi munzvimbo yakazaruka yaive nemakore anenge makumi mashanu. Ndapota cherechedza kuti pavhareji, kumera kwekumera kubva kumbeu kunoitika mumazuva gumi nemaviri. Nokuti broccoli, savoy neBrussels inomera, nguva yekubereka inobvumirwa kuva shoma - mazuva makumi mashanu nemakumi mana nemashanu.
Kusarudza nzira yekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurika, unogona kushandisa nzira yacho nechisarudzo , iyo inogadzirwa mavhiki maviri mushure mekuonekwa kwezvirimwa. Mbeu muzvimiti zvakasiyana-siyana inobereka simba, ine mamiriro ekudzikisa, kuonekwa kwechikwata. Kukura kwehuni kunobva kune zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinodiwa kushanda nesimba re 6x6 cm kusvika 8x8 cm Pasina kukanya, kabichi inokura mumapiritsi ane utachiona akaitwa peat, makaseti kana makateti 7-10 cm yakakwirira Mbeu shomanana inodyarwa muimba, ichibvisa mbeu isina simba.
Paunenge uine basa rokudyara kabichi zvakananga muvhu rakazaruka, tarisa kuchinja kwezvirimwa, vadzivisa vanofananidza nenzira ye cruciferous mbeu. Mbeu dzinovigwa muvhu kusvikira paviri pekutanga mashizha aya, ivhu rakanyatsogadziriswa, rakagadzirwa, uye rinonwisa. Mune nguva yekutanga, kudzivirira kubva kunotonhora, vanoshandisa firimu uye chikwata kumabhedha.
Nzira yekudyara kabichi muvhu rakavhurika nembeu?
Havasi vose vemizambiringa vanogona kukura michero yemunda wekurima. Imwe nzira inodhura, asi isiri iyo nguva dzose yekudyara mbeu zvakananga muvhu. Zvinhu zvakatengwa zvakasvibiswa nehafu yeawa mu manganese, kugadzirira muto mutsvuku. Uyezve mukugadzirisa chinetso, kudyara kabichi muvhu nembeu, kugadzirira mabhedha, kugadzira zvidha zvisina kudzika, moisten ivhu. Mbeu dzakabatanidzwa muvhu ye 2 cm, kutanga kurambwa kwezvirimwa zvakashata zvinogadzirwa muchikamu chemashizha matatu, ekupedzisira - 6 mashizha. Pakati pevanhu vakuru vanosiya nzvimbo kusvika masendimita 70.
Ko ikorosi inofanira kudyarwa pairi kurei?
Chirongwa chakasarudzwa chokudyara kabichi muvhu rakazaruka chinofananidza nekukura kwesimba yemiti. Pane chikamu chakaoma, havangagoni kuwana mukana wakakwana wezuva nekupisa uye chiedza. Mhando dzemazuva ano dzinoda nzvimbo yakawanda, kufanana nemamera akawanda eBrussels. Iyo yakawanda nzvimbo yeupenyu inoda broccoli neholiflower. Makomunwe anoita uwandu hwapfupi zvishoma uye hwakadzika kudarika hupamhi hwomudziyo wemichero.
Zvirongwa zvakatarwa zvekudyara zvakasiyana siyana zve kabichi:
- yakachena chena - 30x40 cm,
- medium-ripened white-headed - 50x60 cm,
- kumucheto mchena-musoro - 60х70 cm,
- ruvara - 25x50 cm,
- broccoli - 35x50 cm,
- Savoy - 40x60 cm,
- Brussels - 60x70 cm.
Kabichi - nguva yekudyara muvhu
Panguva yekudyara muvhu, mbeu dzakakura zvakakura dzinosvika 7 mashizha, dzinosvika urefu hwemasentimita makumi maviri (20 cm) mune bhizinesi, kudyara kabichi muvhu rakazaruka, basa rinokosha rinowedzerwa nekudzikisa mbeu, iyo inobudiswa nekuwedzera kwekupisa kwemasvikiro kusvika 8 ° C. Nekuuya kwehupenyu husingaperi, michero haifaniri kuvharwa usiku. Kudyara mbeu dzekereka munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemamiriro okunze dzinoitwa panguva dzakasiyana. KuUkraine neSouth yeRussia, marudzi akasiyana-siyana anotanga kudyarwa kubva munaEpril 25, nekupera - kubva munaMay 10. Isu tinoedza kupedza zvose zvakasimwa mabasa asati kutanga kwaJune.
Ndekupiko unogona kudyara kabichi panzvimbo ino?
Kazhinji vatsva vanorasikirwa mubvunzo wekudyara kabichi, kuita zvikanganiso zvakawanda, uye vanoguma nokukohwa kwakaipa. Zvakanakisisa zvakagadzirwa muvhu rakavhurika yezvirimwa izvi mbeu dzakawanda dzezviyo, midzi yezvirimwa, bulbous, nyemba, makungu. Hazvina kunaka kushandisa imwe nzvimbo kwemakore anoverengeka mumutsara uye kudzokera kune imwe yapfuura munguva isingapfuuri mana. Sarudza nzvimbo yakazaruka, yakajeka uye yakanaka. Kabichi inoda mvura, asi nguva dzose ivhu rakaoma nekuneta kwe okisijeni kazhinji rinotungamirira ku bacteriosis.
Mhando yevhu yekudyara kabichi?
Yakanaka kwazvo pamutambo uyu we chernozem, sod-podzolic uye grey musango wakaiswa pasi. Izvo zvakanyanya acidity yenyika iri panzvimbo ino 6.7-7.4 pH. Kusarudza nzvimbo iyo zviri nani kudyara kabichi, tinogadzira munda mubindu rakavhurika kwegore. Iwe unogona kuita imwe nehafu yehokete ye peregremshego humus pamamita mita imwe ewebsite. Muvhu tinowedzera mukuchera 2 spoon dze superphosphate uye spoonful ye potassium fertilizer.
Chii chandingadyara pedyo nekateji?
Iyi simiti inobatana nemichero yakawanda yemunda, naizvozvo mubvunzo wekudyara pedyo nekakbage mumunda unogona kugadziriswa nyore nyore. Iwe unogona kuchengetedza zvakachengeteka pane chikwata chiri pedyo ne kabichi mabhedha nemabhandi, celery uye saladi, inobatana nemhando dzose dzemidhi, eiii uye beet. Miti inonaka inotyisa zvipembenene, saka zvinodikanwa kumunharaunda yake nedill, sage, basil, mint, marigold uye marigold. Hazvibvumirwi pedyo nekakbage kudyara fennel, mazambiringa, tomato, parsley ne celery.
Kuchengeta kabichi mushure mekudyara?
Uchitaura nezvenzira yekudyara kabichi zvakanaka, unofanirwa kutarisira kutarisira zvirimwa munzvimbo yakazaruka. Zvimwe zviitiko zvekurima-zvinosunungura ivhu, kubvisa masora, kudiridza nekudyisa. Usambofa wakakanganwa nezvekurwisana nezvipembenene uye zvirwere zvinenge zvakamirira kudyara miriwo munyika.
Zvirwere zvikuru uye zviduku zvekakichi :
- gumbo rima,
- keel of cabbage,
- nhema-mildew,
- fusariosis,
- mosaic,
- cabbage aphids,
- kabichi fly,
- chipfudze chinokonzera,
- butterfly kabichi,
- cabbage shovel.
Kupikisa kabichi, hove uye fleas zvinobatsira kurapwa kwe sopy solution, kuda kwemashizha nemadota. Kana paine hutachiwana hwakanyanya, vanorapwa nemishonga inokonzerwa naAktara, Karate, Piretrum, Carbofos, Fufanon nezvimwe zvipembenene. Zvipembenene zvinorarama muvhu zvinodzingwa nenzira dzinobatsira Mukhoed, Medetoks, Zemlin. Scoop inoparadzwa nemisungo, kuderedza huwandu hwevanhu vane butterflies. Kupikisa fungus kunobatsira Bordeaux mvura 1%, mabhedha munzvimbo yakavhara inobatwa nemishonga Topsin-M, Benomil, Agat-25, Immunocytophyte.
Kabichi mushure mekudyara - kunwisa
Nokudiridza, mvura ine utsi hwe18-23 ° C inofanirwa zvakakodzera. Mukusavapo kwekuchera mvura kunyorera, zvinokurudzirwa kufudza mvura mukati mematsime. Kana iwe ukadyara kabichi munyika, unogona kudururira muvhu rakavhurika pasi pegwenzi kubhodhi remvura. Yeuka, kudiridza kwakanyanya mushure mekunge kupisa kwenguva refu kuchikuvadza kupera kwemiriwo. Kabhakisi yakasimba inoda mvura pakarepo mushure mekudyara, munguva yekukura kwakasimba kwemashizha uye kuwirirana kwemisoro.
Kudya kabichi mushure mokudyara
Varimi vekutanga vanotarisira mubvunzo wekuisa mumunda mushure mekudyara kabichi kuwedzera muchero wemiriwo. Mushonga wekutanga unogadzirwa masvondo maviri mushure mekudyara michero nemvura yakagadzirwa nemvura, 0.5 litre saltpeter solution kana Mullein solution (5: 1). Mushure memazuva 15-20, tinobatsira michero mumunda nekusanganiswa kwemiti kana mineral, kusanganisa nitrate ne superphosphate uye potassium sulphate muchiyero che1: 2: 1. Nguva yechitatu vanodya kabichi muhafu yewedzi. Iwe unogona kusanganisa superphosphate ne potassium phosphate (2: 1), shandisa ivhu pedyo nehosi nehuni.