Munyika yedu nhasi, kune huwandu hwehutano hwehutano - kusvibiswa kwemhepo, marara, mvura isina tsvina, zvokudya zvisinganzwisisiki kubva kumashambagitari uye, zvechokwadi, hutano. Zvose izvi zvinokanganisa kwete utano hwedu bedzi, asiwo vana vedu. Kugara mumudzimaikadzi, zvinhu zvose zvinokuvadza zvinokonzera kukwanisa kutora pamuviri, uye fetus inobereka. Nzira yekuzvidzivirira iwe uye mwana weramangwana kubva pakurwara? Mishonga yemazuva ano inopa mukana wekuona zvipfeko kubva pakugadzirwa kwakanaka kare kare mumatanho ekutanga ekudzivirira, nekuita kuongororwa kwehutachiwana hwemucheche.
Utano hunogona kuva mbiri uye yepenital. Munguva yedu, anenge 5% yevana vachangoberekwa, yehuwandu hwevanhu vakaberekerwa, vane hutano kana hutachiwana hwehutano, izvo zvinokonzera izvo zvinogona kuva mazita ezvibonde, chromosomal, multitifactorial. Tichawana nzira dzipi dzenguva yekuongorora nekudzivirira kwehutachiona huchabatsira kudzivisa kuberekwa kwevana vanorwara.
Genetic analysis of the fetus
Kuongororwa kweiyo genetics ye fetus inofanira kuitika panhandare yekuronga pamuviri, asi kazhinji inoitwa kare panguva yekuzvitakura. Chinangwa chayo: kuongorora njodzi yekuberekwa kwepabonde, kuziva zvikonzero zvinokonzera kupererwa kwepamuviri, kutarisa kuvepo kwekuonekwa kwezvirwere zvekuzvarwa. Zviratidzo, sekutonga, ndezvi: makore emukadzi anopfuura makumi matatu, mhuri dzakaroorana zvakasimba, hutachiona hwehutachiona hwepakati panguva yekuzvimba, kuberekwa, kusapererwa kwemakumbo mune anamnesis, kuvapo kwezvirwere zvesimba. Genetic analysis of the fetus inowanikwa mumatanho akawanda. Pakutanga kwekutanga, tsvakurudzo inoitwa, iyo inosanganisira ultrasound for fetal pathology muvhiki gumi nembiri. Panzvimbo yechipiri, miedzo inoitwa kuti ione embryonic hormones (AFP neHCG).
Kuongororwa kwe fetal malformations (AFP neHCG)
Nechinangwa chekurumidza kuongororwa kwehutachiona, ikozvino mumutambo wekutanga, pamasvondo gumi nemasere, inofanirwa kuita kuongorora kwepabonde - kuongororwa ropa kune fetal pathology, iyo inotorwa muchipatara chekuongorora inyanzvi. Iyi kuongororwa kweropa kwe fetal malformation ikozvino ndiyo nzira chete yekuvimbika yekuona kukura kwezvinhu zvisina kukodzera kuburikidza nokutora mapuroteni chaiwo ayo fetus anovanzika. AFT (alpha-fetoprotein) ndiyo nhengo huru ye serum ye fetus. Kukurudzira yolk sac uye chiropa, anoenda pamwe nemuyo mukati meAmniotic fluid uye anopinda muropa raamai kuburikidza nesimbi.
Apo kucherechedza mazinga akakwirira eAfrica muropa raamai, rinoratidzwa kuti:
- hernia yemutsipa wepelinha kana uropi;
- kidney anomalies;
- kupinda kwe duodenum;
- zvikanganiso muhutachiwana hwemuviri wepamuviri (apo zvikati zviri mukati zvinoramba zvisingasviki paganda nemisungo, uye yakavharwa nefirimu yakaonda yesimbi yakakoshwa).
Kuongororwa kwekukura kwema fetus pakuonekwa kwemazinga eHCG, pakutanga kwechipiri chetatu, inoratidzira hutano uye hutachiona hwehutachiwana hwemucheche. Nokudaro, kuongororwa kwe fetus muArt's syndrome kuchave kwakanaka nehupamhi hwepamusoro hCG muropa revakadzi vane pamuviri, uye neEdwards syndrome - nechero rakaderera.
Pachitatu chechitatu chekuongororwa, yechipiri ultrasound inoitwa pavhiki 20-24, iyo inobvumira kuziva zviduku zviduku zvisingabatsiri, nhamba ye amniotic fluid uye zvisizvo zvepa placenta. Kana, mushure mokunge maita mapoka ose ezvechimiro chekuongorora, fetal patholo inofungidzirwa, nyanzvi dzinoronga nzira dzisina kumira dzekuongorora: tsanangudzo yake yezve fetus, cytogenetic tsananguro ye fetus, kuongororwa ropa kubva mumbilical tambo ye fetus.
Fetal Rh factor analysis
Kuongorora kweR Rh chinokonzera fetus isiri chiratidzo chinonyanya kukosha, inobvumira kuberekwa kwekutanga kutarisa kuwirirana kana kusawirirana kwe fetus uye amai neR Rh factor. Vakadzi vane Rh chinhu hazvienderani ne fetus
Kuvonga nzira dzemazuva ano, zvinogona kudzivirira kuberekwa kana kuberekwa kwemwana ane chirwere. Panosimbisa mafungiro pamusoro pezvinogona kuitika kuvabereki munguva yemberi, pane nguva dzose chisarudzo-kubvisa pamuviri kana kugadzirira kusati kwaitika kuti zvigone kupindira kupindira, izvo zvinobvumira kugadzirisa maitiro. Chero zviitiko zvose, chisarudzo chokupedzisira chinoitwa nemhuri.