Chikonzero chikuru chekurwadziwa kwemwoyo , kurohwa uye kumwe kukuvadzwa kwemitsipa yeropa ndiko atherosclerosis. Basa guru mukurudzirwa kwehutano kunoitwa necholesterol (lipophilic doro), mamolekemu ayo anowanikwa pamadziro eatriari uye capillaries nenzira yezvinyoro zvinyoro. Mafungiro ayo anofanira kuderedzwa kuitira kudzivirira uye kurapa kwe atherosclerosis.
Statins - chii ichocho?
Vanhu vazhinji vanotambura nehutano hwepfungwa vanoona zvinorondedzerwa kupisa-kupedza mishonga semishonga inoshanda uye yakachengeteka inoderedza cholesterol. Iyi haisi tsanangudzo yechokwadi. Kuti uwane kunzwisisa zvakajeka kuti chii chinonzi statines, zvinokosha kuziva nzira yekugadzirisa uye kupararira kwe lipophilic alcohol, chinangwa chacho uye basa.
Cholesterol inogona kubudiswa mukati memuviri, uye inopinda kubva kunze, somuenzaniso, nechikafu. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu zvakakosha kuti:
- biosynthesis ye corticosteroids uye hormone dzepabonde;
- kudzivirirwa kweaerythrocytes kubva hemolytic cheisons;
- mutemo wekero kukwana;
- kubudisa ye bile acids nemavhithamini eboka D;
- kugadzikana kwemuviri we plasma.
Muviri womunhu unobereka mapuroteni akaoma - lipoproteins. Vanotora basa revatakuri vehutekolorol molecule kubva pachiropa kusvika kumasukisi uye kumashure. Statins inodzivisa kubudiswa kwemakemikari anotangira kugadzirwa kwe lipoproteins. Pamusana peizvi, kuwanda kwecholesterol inopinda mumatukisi inoderera, uye kuwanda kwekutengesa kutsva kunowedzera. Somugumisiro, huwandu huwandu hwehuputiki doro mumuviri hunobudirira kuderedzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mishonga iri pasi pekufungisisa inobatsira kuve nekuchengetedza kwakachengeteka kwematokisi akave aripo uye mavara mukati memidziyo.
Zvinyorwa kubva muhushutera yeklesterori zvakanaka uye zvakaipa
Kunyangwe zvinonyanya kukosha-kuderedza zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nemigumisiro yakaipa, saka zvinorambidzwa zvachose kusarudza uye kutora ivo pachavo. Statins inorayirwa chete kana kune uchapupu hwakananga hwokushandiswa kwavo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kongoraramiro inokwana inogona kuderedzwa mune dzimwe nzira dzakagadzikana uye dzakachengeteka. Izvi zvinosanganisira kururamiswa kwezvokudya, kurambwa kwemitemo yakaipa, kuwedzera kwehutano hwekuita muviri uye kugadzirisa kwehurumende yebasa nekuzorora.
Zvinyorwa kubva kuholesterol zvakanaka
Zvinorondedzerwa zvinodhaka zvichiri chisarudzo chete chekudzivirira uye kurapwa kwematambudziko anokonzerwa nehutano hwepfungwa, apo kusina kushandisa zvinodhaka kwakanga kusiri kukwana zvakakwana. Zvikomborero zvemasimita zvinotevera:
- kuderedza ngozi yekurwadziwa kwemoyo;
- kudzivirirwa nekurwiswa kwechikafu chinokanganisa , kurohwa;
- kunonoka kufambira mberi nekudzivirira kubvekwa kweAristrosclerosis;
- chimiro chemoyo chinopesana ne angina, ischemic disease;
- kununurwa kwezviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga mellitus;
- kurasikirwa nokurema;
- kuora mwoyo kwezvinokonzera kupisa pamadziro evascula;
- kugadzikana kweatrosclerotic plaques ;
- kubudisa ropa, izvo zvinoderedza ngozi yekuvhara ropa;
- kuenzanisa kwemagetsi ekugadzirisa mumuviri;
- vasodilation.
Zvinyorwa kubva kune cholesterol ndizvo zvinodhaka zvikuru uye zvakachengeteka mishonga yekukurumidza kugadziriswazve shure:
- stenting;
- ischemic stroke;
- coronary bypass surgery;
- angioplasty;
- myocardial infarction;
- pulmonary embolism.
Harm of statins
Dambudziko rinonyanya kukosha yekushandisa mishonga iyi ingozi yemigumisiro. Mukuenzanisa nekuderera kwekugadzirwa kwe lipoproteins, mishonga yemasitima inoderedza kushandiswa kwe coenzymes Q10. Izvi zvikemikari zvinoumba simba kumisungo yemuviri uye uropi. Nekushaikwa kwe coenzymes, zvinetso zvinotevera zvinowanikwa:
- kuneta;
- kushaya simba nekurwadziwa mumisungo;
- kuchinja uye kupinza kwakakosha muropa;
- congestive heart failure;
- kuparadzwa kwematumbu (rhabdomyolysis).
Pane zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvinokonzerwa nemasitadhi-madhara anosanganisira:
- kushushikana kwehope;
- kuora kwekunzwa uye kuwedzerwa kwekunakidza kunzwa;
- kuderedza kweplatelet kuverengwa muropa;
- kuchema;
- nguva zhinji kubuda kumusana;
- kurwadziwa munharaunda yepigastric;
- kuwedzerwa kwekuwedzerwa kwekudzora;
- stool disorders;
- kuwedzera kutuka;
- kukanganisa kwe potency;
- zvinokonzera kugadzirisa;
- chizoro;
- nausea;
- akadzikama;
- peripheral edema;
- Kuwedzera kwekunzwa kweganda kumirairo ye ultraviolet;
- eczema;
- kubwinya uye kuchenesa kwepidermis;
- flatulence;
- kurutsa;
- kuwedzera kwemaitiro ekudzokazve kwechirwere chechipembenene;
- depression conditions;
- kuputswa kweuropi;
- mafungiro anofamba;
- jaundice;
- pancreatitis;
- kunetseka;
- kuwedzera kwe arthritis uye arthrosis;
- mafungiro anofamba;
- kutsamwa;
- zvipembenene zvisingabvumi mishonga yemazinga;
- anorexia;
- kurutsa;
- kutarisa uye kutarisa kwepamusoro pepakati peganda;
- hepatitis;
- kuchinja kwemashuga eropa;
- kukunda nekuputika kwetsvo.
Kunyange mitemo yakachengeteka ine mikana yakaipa yakaipa, asi inowanzoitika kakawanda uye kakawanda kune vanhu vasingateereri mitemo yekushandisa mishonga. Kurapwa nemishonga yekudzivirira-kunyoresa kunosanganisira kuramba doro, kusvuta, kugara uchirovedza muviri uye kudya kunovaka muviri. Kana iwe ukanamatira kune mitemo iyi, migumisiro yemigumisiro iri nyore kudziviswa.
Zvizvarwa zvezvifananidzo
Iyo yekutanga yekunyepa-kunyorera zvinhu zvakanga zvisingabatanidzwi nemiti yakasikwa. Kubva pazvikwata izvi, zvinodhaka zvelovastatin boka zvakagadzirwa. Zvisiyana zvakasara uye zvizvarwa zvitsva zvemishonga zvinogadzirwa kubva kuzvinhu zvinogadzirwa. Iko kukanganisa kutenda kuti maitiro echisikigo kubva ku cholesterol ndiyo inoshanda uye yakachengeteka. Mishonga yemishonga haigoni kuve nemigumisiro yakaipa uye inonetswa zviri nani. Mukuwedzera kune lovastatin, chizvarwa chokutanga chetsanangudzo dzinotsanangurwa dzinosanganisira simvastatin uye pravastatin.
Kunyange kunyangarika-kunyanya kuderedza zvinodhaka kunogadzira chirevo chakataurwa. Izvo zvirevo zvakanakisisa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudzivirira kwekurohwa, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, kunyanya kana pane zvizvarwa zvakagara zvichisarudzwa pamatambudziko akanyorwa. Zviratidzo zvekutora mishonga yekutanga yemishonga:
- coronary atherosclerosis;
- Kusakosha kwekudya mune zvakaoma nemitoro yepanyama;
- primary hypercholesterolemia.
Chizvarwa chechipiri chezvinodhaka chinotaridzirwa chinomiririrwa chete ne fluvastatin. Aya ndiwo madhiragi anobudirira uye akachengeteka anogona kunyorerwa kunyange kuvana kubva pamakore gumi. Iine sodium munyu, saka huwandu hwehushuga muropa hunokurumidza kuderedzwa. Zviratidzo zvekushandiswa kwe-fluvastatin:
- dyslipidemia yemhando yakavhenganiswa;
- ischemic heart disease (kudzivirira zvinetso);
- coronary atherosclerosis;
- hypercholesterolemia;
- Kudzivirirwa kwezvakaipa zvinokonzerwa nemwoyo uye chirwere chevascular.
Chizvarwa chechipiri chemishonga yekuderedza mishonga inorvastatin. Iyo inonyanya kukosha yemishonga iyi ndeyekuvandudzwa kwakajeka mukushanda kwemwoyo yematambudziko sehuwandu. Zvinotendwa kuti zvinyorwa kubva kune cholesterol ndiyo mahwendefa anonyanya kukurumidza, akabudirira uye akachengeteka ekudzivirira chirwere cheshuga mellitus uye mishonga yemwoyo, kusanganisira chirwere chisingaperi chinonzi ischemic. Zviratidzo zvechinangwa chavo:
- kunotora nhaka yehutano kune zvirwere zvemwoyo yematambudziko;
- kusanganiswa dyslipidemia;
- weimhed hypercholesterolemia;
- progressive atherosclerosis.
Nhoroondo dzechizvarwa chekupedzisira dzinosanganisira Pitavastatin uye rosuvastatin. Iyi mishonga ndeyekuvandudzwa kwemazuva ano mumunda we pharmacology, vane zvikomborero zvakasiyana pamusoro pevatungamiri vavo:
- kunyanya kushanda (zvigumisiro zvinoonekwa kubva muvhiki yekutanga yekugamuchirwa);
- minimal therapeutic dosage;
- continuous action;
- low risk of side effects;
- mukana wekushandiswa panguva imwe chete nemashizha emwoyo;
- hapana chinokonzera kuglucose metabolism.
Izvo zvitsva zvinobva kuCholesterol ndiyo nzira dzakanakisisa uye dzakachengeteka dzakakurudzirwa mumatambudziko anotevera:
- hypercholesterolemia chero ipi zvayo;
- kufambira mberi, kwakaoma atherosclerosis;
- ischemic heart disease;
- chirwere cheshuga mellitus ;
- dyslipidemia;
- genetic predisposition to vascular pathologies;
- kugadziriswa pashure pekurwadziwa kwepfungwa, kurohwa, kushanda kwemoyo.
Statin drug - list
Mishonga inopfuura iri muchizvarwa chimwe nechimwe ine mazita emabhizimusi akasiyana. Kuzvimirira kusarudza zvinodhaka zvinoderedza cholesterol muropa, haugone. Zvisina kukodzera zvinhu zvinoshandiswa, maitiro asingakoshi, kusanganiswa nemamwe mapoka emapurmacological agents anogona kukonzera kuitika kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya uye kusagadziriswa kushanduka muropa, basa remagetsi. Ndiye chiremba anokwanisa anofanira kupa mazano madhiragi ayo anoderedza cholesterol muropa nekuchengeteka uye kubudirira. Chizvarwa chinodikanwa chemasimoni chinosarudzwa nemumwe nyanzvi.
Simvastatin analogues
Izvi zvinotengeswa nenzira yehwendefa yezita rimwe chete. Sechigadzirisa chinoshandiswa, simvastatine ine zvinotevera zvinodhaka-zvinoderedza madhiragi - urongwa:
- Simvastol;
- Zovatin;
- Simgal;
- Zocor;
- Simvagexal;
- Soest;
- Simvard;
- Vastatin;
- Simvakor;
- Ovenkor;
- Simlo;
- Vazilip;
- Sincard nevamwe.
Pravastatin analogues
Uyu ndeimwe mumiririri anobudirira uye akachengeteka wezera rekutanga rekushandisa-kuderedza madhiragi. Iyo yakatsanangurwa inoshanda ine mishonga yakadaro inoderedza cholesterol muropa (statins):
- Rightsgrave;
- Lipostat;
- Pravastatin.
Lovastatin analogues
Iyo yekutanga inonyadzisa-kupedza mishonga, yakasara kubva penicillin fungi, haisi iyo inoshanda zvikuru, asi imwe yenzira dzakachengeteka zvikuru. Zvinodhaka zvinoderedza cholesterol, zvichibva pane lovastatin:
- Holletar;
- Lovacor;
- Cardiostatin;
- Lovasterol;
- Mevakor;
- Lovastatin;
- Apexstatin;
- Lovahexal;
- Medostatin;
- Rovacor;
- Liprox nevamwe.
Fluvastatin analogues
Statins kubva kuchipiri yechizvarwa cholesterol inomiririrwa nechinhu chimwe chete. Pachikonzero cheyo mapiritsi chete anogadzirwa - Leskol. Zvinotengeswa mumitauro 3 pamwe neyero imwechete (80 mg):
- Chikoro (Leskol);
- Forte;
- XL.
Atorvastatin - analogues
Izvi zvinokonzerwa ne hypopididemic ndeyechizvarwa chechitatu chemishonga. Kugadzirira kwechimiro pachishandiswa:
- Lipitor;
- Anistat;
- Liprimar;
- Atorvastatin;
- Tulip;
- Atomax;
- Canon;
- Torvacard;
- Atorvox;
- Liptonorm;
- Atoris nevamwe.
Rosuvastatin analogues
Nhoroondo dzekuderedza klesterolori kubva kuchizvarwa chechina ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa uye yakachengeteka ine chiito chenguva refu. Rosuvastatin, kuwedzera kune mahwendefa ezita rimwe chete, iri mumishonga inotevera:
- Mertenil;
- Rosulip;
- Muchinjikwa;
- Rosewood;
- Akorta;
- Rosart;
- Tevastor;
- Roxer.
Pitavastatin analogues
Lipid-kuderedza zvinodhaka zvechizvarwa chechina zvakazadzwa nemishonga inobvunzwa mumakore mashomanana apfuura. Iyi mitemo inobva kuCholesterol ndiyo inoshanda uye yakachengeteka pakati pemishonga yose yakafanana. Vane chinomhanya uye chakareba kwenguva refu pasina njodzi dzehutano. Pachikonzero chePitavastatin, chinhu chimwe chete chinenge chiripo - Livazo.
Nhoroondo dzechizvarwa chemazuva ano ine madhara madzimai
Vanachiremba vane ruzivo vanosarudza kupa mishonga yakachengeteka bedzi nemishonga isingatauriki uye nguva refu. Mitemo inobatsira zvikuru kubva kune cholesterol irosuvastatin uye Pitavastatin:
- Muchinjikwa;
- Mertenil;
- Roxer;
- Valarox;
- Rosáv;
- Akorta;
- Rosewood;
- Livazo.