Zvirwere zvehutano hwetachiona zvinowanika kuvakadzi kanenge ka10 pane dzimwe nguva kupfuura varume. Uye boka rekukuvadza rinosanganisira vakadzi vane makore makumi matatu nemakore makumi mashanu.
Zvinokonzera Utachiona Hwezvirwere
Kukundikana mumunyoro unovhiringidza kunokonzera zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvinonyanya kukonzera zvirwere zvehutano ndezvi:
- nzvimbo yekugara (kazhinji kazhinji kusagadzikana kunowanikwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeCentral Asia, uye hazviwanzovi munharaunda yevanhu vanogara munharaunda yegungwa);
- mamiriro ezvinhu epakati;
- kudya kwevanhu;
- zvirwere zvemuviri wepamuviri;
- utachiona;
- kushungurudzika;
- hutano hwevamwe nhengo dze endocrine;
- kukuvadzwa kweruzhinji rwemukanda;
- hutano;
- pamuviri.
Zviratidzo zvechirwere chetachiona
Zviratidzo zvehutachiona hunoshaya hunoenderana nechirwere chechirwere, kunyange zvazvo kune zvimwe zvakafanana. Kazhinji kazhinji kune zvirwere zvakadai se:
- hyperthyroidism;
- hypothyroidism;
- nodular goiter;
- autoimmune thyroiditis;
- cyst;
- kenza.
Ngationgororei zviratidzo zvikuru zvezvirwere zveganda iri rekuvhara mukati.
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism inonyanya kuderedza mahomoni e thyroid. Kubva pakuwanda kwavo "chepfu" yehupenyu uye kuwedzera kwekugadzirisa zvirwere zvinokonzerwa. Muchiitiko ichi, murwere anocherechedza achiti:
- kutsamwa;
- sweating;
- kuwedzera kwepfungwa yemwoyo, kukurumidza kufema;
- kudengenyeka kwenzvimbo.
Chigumisiro chekutyorwa kwemakinhydrate metabolism inowanzokurudzirwa rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism - kuderera mune basa rehutachiona hwehutano nekuda kwekushayikwa kweiodini mumuviri uye kusagadzikana mukubudirira. Nokuti hypothyroidism inofanirwa:
- kugara kuneta, kurasikirwa kwesimba ;
- kupisa kusingadikanwi, pasi (dzimwe nguva yakakwirira) simba;
- kuderera kwekuziva kwekuziva, chiyeuchidzo;
- kupera uye kuoma kwakanyanya kweganda;
- eyedrops;
- kuzvimba;
- overweight;
- kuzvidzora;
- kurasikirwa kwebvudzi;
- kurasikirwa kwekunzwa;
- hoarseness of voice;
- kukanganisa kwekutenderera kwekuenda kumwedzi uye kusabereka muvakadzi, kusava nesimba kwevarume.
Autoimmune thyroiditis
Kushandisa chirwere chetachiona chega chinowanzoitika nekuda kwekuunganidza kweeukocyte mukati meglandu. Masero ega ayo anonyora anozivikanwa nemuviri semutorwa uye akaparadzwa. Semugumisiro, zvishoma nezvishoma chirwere chetachiona chinoparadzwa. Zviratidzo zvinosangana nekuputika kweglandu. Izvi ndezvi:
- kunzwa kunorwadza munzvimbo yemutsipa;
- kuoma mukuedza;
- kukanganisa kufema.
Zviratidzo zvakafanana zvinowanikwa mukenza yekodhi.
Goiter
Kuwedzerwa kwechirwere cheglandu kunogona kukura zvose mu hyperthyroidism uye mu hypothyroidism. Nodular goiter ndeye dzidzo inopesana nekugadzirisa nekugadziriswa kubva kune chimiro chemuviri. Saka sarudza:
- colloid goiter;
- adenoma (benign tumor);
- chiremara chakaipa.
Nezvirwere izvi, kutumidzwa kunoratidzika pamutsipa pakuonekwa kweglandu. Zob hukuru hukuru hunomesa zvikamu zviri pedyo, maererano nezvayo kune zviratidzo zvisingabatanidzwi nehutachiona. Zvirwere zvepachikafu zvinosangana nemarwadzo
Kuongororwa kwezvirwere zvehutano
Nzira inokosha yekuongorora hutachiona hwehutano ndeye kuongorora ropa kwekuchengetedzwa kwe TPG (thyreotropic hormone), mahomoni T3 uye T4.
Sezvo dzimwe nzira dzekutsvakurudza dzinogona kubatanidzwa:
- kuongorora kukuru kweropa;
- urinalysis;
- biochemical blood test ;
- Ultrasound ye thyroid gland;
- X-ray ye gland;
- computed tomography kana magnetic resonance imaging yenhengo;
- biopsy ye gland;
- kutsvakurudza ruzivo rwemhepo uye dzimwe nzira dzakawanda.