Salmonellosis - zviratidzo kune vanhu vakuru uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzokurapa

Pakati pezvirwere zvinotapukira, inonyanya kuipa salmonella - zviratidzo zvevanhu vakuru zvakafanana nezvakaonekwa kuvana. Kana iwe usingaiti munguva yekuenda kwemashoko ekumhanya anopiwa nemuviri uye usingatangi kurapwa, zvinoguma zvinogona kutyisa.

Salmonella inowedzera sei zvirwere?

Zvitubu zvehutachiona zvinogona kuva shiri, vanhu uye chero mhuka dzinodziya-neropa. Inonyanya kuipa munyaya iyi inguruve nemombe. Mune mhuka idzi, mabhakitiriya anokonzera chirwere haaiti kukonzera chirwere ichi. Zvisinei, nguruve nemombe zvinowanzotakura chirwere chacho. Salmonella chirwere chinowanikwa nekuda kwekushandiswa kwenyama kana mukaka usina kunyatsopisa kuporesa.

Mukuwedzera, kupararira kwehutachiona kunogona kuva shiri. Munhu achabatwa nechirwere kana achidya nyama yakange isingakwanisi kurapwa kwekupisa. Iwe unogona kutapukirwa kana iwe unwa waini yakasvibirira kana udya mazai asina kunyanya kuviriswa. Inonyanya kuipa ndiyo yolk. Salmonellosis zviratidzo kuvanhu vakuru vachatanga pakarepo. Mukuwedzera, mapurisa, mhuka dzemhuka, njiva, shiri uye dzimwe "shiri" dzedenga dzinogona kuparadzira chirwere ichi.

Pathogen ye salmonellosis

Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa ne-gram-negative, mabhakitiriya akaumbwa netsvimbo. Izvo ndezvenjere Salmonella. Mune hupamhi, mabhakitiriya aya anogona kusvika 1.5 μm, uye murefu - 5 μm. Nguva yehupenyu hwavo inobva kune zvakasikwa:

• kunze kwechirongwa chemhuka, mabhakitiriya anochengetedza dzimba kwevhiki;
• muguruva remukamuri vanogona kurarama kwemamwe mwedzi mitatu;
• mumasango, hupenyu hweSalmonella hunoenderera kwemazuva makumi maviri;
• mune nyama inotapukirwa, bhakitiriya yakadzika inogona kurarama kusvika gore;
• mumukaka weSalmonella inoramba iripo kubva kune gumi (muhuya) kusvika 20 (mufiriji) mazuva;
• Basa rinokosha rezvipembenene izvi zvinokuvadza muhotela rinosara mwedzi mina;
• Mukati, mabhakitiriya anorarama kusvika kune gore, uye pahombe - mazuva makumi maviri.

Iyo inotonhorera yakakwana yekushanda kwekushanda kwe salmonella iri + 37 ° C, saka muviri womunhu inonzi inofanirwa kuwedzera incubator. Kunyanya kuberekwa kwemakemikari anokuvadza kunowanikwa kunyange mufiriji. Muchiitiko ichi, panguva yekupisa kupisa mumuviri wakagadziriswa, mabhakitiriya anoramba achirarama kwenguva. Somuenzaniso, mu nyama salmonella inoparara pakushambidzika kwe + 70 ° C uye pashure pemaminitsi 10 mushure mokutanga kubika. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvigadzirwa zvinofanirwa kunge zvichishandiswa pakurapa kwakakwana.

Salmonella inoparadzirwa sei?

Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzehutachiona. Salmonella muvanhu inogona kuonekwa mune imwe yenzira dzinotevera:

1. Fecal-muromo nzira - kuburikidza nezvokudya, mvura, guruva, umo mabhakitiriya anowanika kubva kumadonhwe akaomeswa ezvisikwa zvipenyu zvine utachiona.
2. Nokutaurirana - kushandisa midziyo yakajairika, zvinhu zvehutsanana, hutachiona husina kuvharirwa hutachiona uye zvichingodaro.
3. Kudhindwa kwebhakitiriya nemaronda - nhunzi, mapuro. Kazhinji kuputika kunowanikwa munguva inopisa.

Kana tikafunga salmonelis mune zvakawanda, zviratidzo zvevanhu vakuru zvinoratidzirwa muhutano hwakanyanya muvarwere vakadaro:

• kutambura nechirwere chekushaya ropa;
• mushure mekumusoro dysbiosis ;
• pamwe nekudzivirirwa kwakadzika kwejusi rinokonzera;
• pamusana pezvokuvhiringidza maitiro.

Salmonellosis - incubation period

Nguva yenguva ino munyaya imwe neimwe ndeyega. Nguva yekudzivirira inotora kubva maawa matanhatu kusvika kune mazuva akawanda. Mushure mekusangana nemutakuri we salmonellosis, utachiona hunogona kuitika pamitengo yakadaro:

• Mheni - zviratidzo zvinowanikwa pakarepo mushure mokunge utachiona (hutachiva hwakasiyana-siyana hwechirwere);
• mukati memazuva makumi mana mushure moutachiona - izvi zvakasimba zvinoratidza chimiro chechifoid-chakafanana chechirwere;
• ngoro yehutachiona - zviratidzo hazvioneke, asi munhu pachake ane ngozi kune vamwe.

Salmonellosis - Kuziva

Panguva yekushanya kwokutanga kwemurwere, chiremba achamubvunza zvakazara nezvekunyunyuta uye hupenyu. Mushure mekuongorora kuonekwa, nyanzvi ichareva munhu akashandisa kwaari kuti awedzere kuongororwa. Kuongorora kwe salmonellosis kunosanganisira chidzidzo:

• feces;
• urini;
• ropa;
• kushambidza mvura;
• vomera.

Usati wapfuura zvimedu zve salmonellosis, unofanira kugadzirira zvakakodzera. Mazuva matatu vasati vadzidza, zvakakosha kumira kutora mishonga inotarirwa kusimbisa mumukati peristalsis. Mukuwedzera, mazuva maviri isati yasvika, varwere vanodzingwa kubva mumishonga inorayirwa nevarwere vanogona kukanganisa chigaro. Nyaya yekuongorora inofanira kuva itsva. Izvi zvinowedzera kuvimbika kwemigumisiro yakawanikwa.

Zviratidzo zve salmonellosis mune munhu mukuru

Zviratidzo zvinopesana zvichienderana nekusiyana kwechirwere. Zviratidzo zveSalmonella muvanhu vakuru vane maitiro emuviri wechirwere vanozviratidza sezvizvi:

• kurwadziwa kwakanyanya muvheji;
• chena kupfeka parurimi ;
• chirwere (gumbo nesimbi uye chifu);
• kurutsa;
• tachycardia;
• kuderedza ropa;
• chirwere chemagetsi;
• chills;
• kutengesa muviri + 39 ° С;
• headache.

Tiphoid-salmonella zviratidzo kuvanhu vakuru ndeyotevera:

• flatulence;
• kuwedzera spleen nechiropa;
• mapundu paganda;
• iri huno ruvara rwerurimi;
• kukanganisa uye kukanganisa;
• zviratidzo zvese zve malaise.

Septic salmonellosis zviratidzo kune vanhu vakuru vane izvi:

• yellowness yeganda;
• kunya muviri pamuviri;
• kutuka kukuru;
• chills

Kutya pa salmonellosis

Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvechirwere. Nekurwara zvinyoro, kutonhora kuri subfebrile. Mune mamwe mazwi, haina kukwira kumusoro + 38 ° C. Nezvirwere zvakakomba, mutengo wayo unogona kuwedzera kusvika + 39 ° C. Kuwanda kwekushisa kunoramba kwakadini mune salmonellosis, zvinoenderana nemafungiro evarwere, chirwere chacho uye kusachengetedzwa kwemurwere. Kazhinji kazhinji feverish nyika inoona mazuva 3-4.

Cal pa salmonellosis

Muzvirwere izvi zvinotapukira, zvigaro zvinogona kuva mvura kana mushy. Izvo zvizhinji, zvizere. Kazhinji yakaiswa muvara-ruvara rwebhuruu. Kakawanda mumasumbu akacherechedza mucheki uye ropa (kuteerera) inova mumvuri we "nyama yakadzika"). Maererano nehuwandu hwemashoko, izvi zviratidzo zve salmonellosis zvinoitika:

• nemhando yehutachiona hwehutano - kusvika kusvika 5 pazuva;
• munyaya yekunyanyisa kwechirwere ichi - kusvika kanomwe pazuva;
• muchimiro chakaipa-kusvika kanomwe pazuva.

Salmonellosis - kurapwa

Mushure mokugamuchira migumisiro kubva mukuongororwa kwekuongorora uye kuonekwa kuongororwa kwemurwere, chiremba anosarudza chirongwa chakakwana cherapa regimen. Pakati nepakati uye zvikamu zvakakomba zvechirwere, pamwe chete nekufamba kwenguva kwenguva refu kwechirwere chemunhu anenge ataura, ivo vari muchipatara. Nokurwara zvishoma, kurapa kunogona kuitwa pamba pasi pekutarirwa kwechiremba.

Hezvino nzira yekurapa salmonella nemishonga:

• Nezvekugadzirisa Glucosolan, Regidron kana Citroglucosolane inoshandiswa;
• apo parenteral therapy inoshandiswa Chlosol kana Trisol;
• apo inopera mvura, chirongwa cheglucose chinoshandiswa mukati-kati;
• pakati pemashiripiti Smecta uye kushandiswa kabhoni zvinoshandiswa;
• kazhinji vanogadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando dzakadai - Lineks, Bactisubtil, Hilak forte;
• antispasmodics anoshandiswa zvakadai - Papaverin uye No-shpa;
• Ne antidiarrheal therapy, Indomethacin inowanzotaurwa.

Mushure meSalmollosis, chikafu chakakosha chinorayirwa. Zvokudya zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwezvokudya zvinotevera:

• Yakaputirwa pamvura inopisa (rice, buckwheat kana semolina);
• mafuta anochera mazamu akaomeswa;
• kissels;
• hove dzakakoshwa nenyama (yakabikwa);
• mbatata yakashamba (pamvura uye pasina mafuta);
• crackers;
• akabatanidzwa mitsva yeapuro, mabhanana uye karoti.

Salmonellosis - antibiotics

Zvizhinji zvinokonzerwa nemakemikari anokanganisa zvinorwisana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvinodhaka zveboka iri zvinoshandiswa chete mumatambudziko akaoma - apo salmonellosis zviratidzo zvevanhu vakuru zvakakwana. Kushandiswa zvisina kukodzera kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kune ngozi kune utano. Mishonga yakadaro inodzivisa kubvisa kwehupfu uye mabhakitiriya akaaparadzira. Somugumisiro, salmonellosis zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa mune vanhu vakuru vane hukuru hwakakura, izvo zvinoratidza kudhakwa kwakanyanya kwemuviri.

Kazhinji, iyi mishonga inorayirwa muzvikamu zviviri zvakakamurwa. Pachigamba chekutanga, kurapa kwe salmonellosis muvanhu vakuru vane antibacterial agents inoitwa mazuva 3-5 mushure mokutanga kwezviratidzo. Mishonga inoshandiswa mukati-kati kana kusinganzwisisiki. Kana zvichibvira kuderedza kudhakwa, murwere anotumirwa kunogamuchirwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya mune fomu yeplate. Nguva yenguva imwe neimwe yekurapa ndeye mazuva manomwe. Paanoongororwa ne salmonella kune vanhu vakuru, zvinotevera zvinorwisa mabhakitiriya:

• Ceftriaxone;
• Norfloxacin;
• Levofloxacin;
• Ciprofloxacin.

Serum inopikisa salmonellosis

Mukurwisana nechirwere ichi, mishonga ine antitoxic effect inoshandiswa. Aya magadziriro anogadzirwa kubva muzvikamu zvekuwedzera mhuka inobata mishonga. Muropa ivo vane huwandu hwehuwandu hwemasimba. Sirium yakapera inotarirwa kuchengetedza, iyo inobvumira kuchengetedza basa rayo uye pakutanga. Apo Salmonella inorapwa, kurapwa nevanhu vakuru muboka iri kunofanira kuitwa nekuchenjerera. Zvinoshandiswa zvishoma nezvishoma.

Migumisiro ye salmonellosis

Kunyanya kunetseka muhosha iyi kunopera simba. Mukuwedzera, pangava nekushaya simba kwekuzvidzivirira uye kuputsa kwe microflora. Salmonellosis kuvanhu vakuru vanowanzokonzera mimwe migumisiro yakakomba. Zvinonyanya kuipa zvinetso zvakadai:

• cerebral edema;
• pneumonia;
• heart failure;
• pancreatitis;
• reactive arthritis;
• kushungurudza-kutyisa;
• peritonitis;
• hutachiona hwehuvha;
• lethal outcome.

Prophylaxis ye salmonellosis

Matanho ekudzivirira anodzivirira kudzivirira zvirwere. Kudzivirira kunotarirwa kushandiswa kwekutengesa kwezvokudya uye kutevedza mitemo yakachena yehutsanana.

Kuchengetedza chirwere salmonellosis kuchabatsira zviito zvakadaro:

1. Iwe haugone kutenga zvokudya zvakapera.
2. Nyama inofanira kunge yakabikwa zvakanaka kana yakabikwa.
3. Inwai mukaka wakaviriswa.
4. Kushanda nenyama nehove, mapanga akasiyana uye mapuranga ekucheka anofanira kushandiswa. Kana izvi zvisingaitike, nzvimbo uye zvigadziri zvinofanira kunge zvakashambidzwa uye zvinosaswa nemvura inopisa.
5. Zvakakosha kusiya Gogol-Mogul.
6. Zvokudya zvakagadzirira zvinofanira kungochengetwa mufiriji.
7. Zvinokurudzirwa kuramba zvidya zvekudya munzvimbo dzekuchengetwa kwevanhu. Njodzi yakadaro inonyanya kuipa muzhizha.
8. Usati waswa, mushonga mutsva uye michero inofanira kunge yakanatswa.
9. Iva nechokwadi chekushambidza maoko ako usati wadya, mushure mekuenda kuchivanze uye uchifamba kunze.