Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonakidza uye zvinotambudza kuvakadzi vane pamuviri kutarisa kusununguka kwepabonde. Uye kunyanya kutya vanotarisira vanaamai vari kutarisa kwechipiri chetatu yekudzivirira. Nezvazvinodiwa uye kana zvakakosha kuti titye - tichazoongorora munyaya yedu.
Ndiani ari pangozi?
Pakukurudzirwa kweWorld Health Organisation kutarisa kusangana kunoitwa muRussia nevakadzi vose vane pamuviri. Kutsvakurudza kunotarisirwa kunoitwa kuvadzimai vane zvinhu zvinotevera zvinowanzoitika:
- ava nemakore anopfuura makumi matatu;
- kuvapo mumhuri yemwana ane chromosomal pathologies;
- muchato pakati pehama dzepedyo;
- zvinodhaka mumatatu ekutanga zvinopesana nekamuviri;
- kutyisidzira kwenguva refu yekugumisa pamuviri;
- vaviri kana kupfuura;
- kujekesa kweumwe wevakaroorana vasati vaberekwa.
Kuongorora kuve nepamuviri - nguva uye kuongorora
Kazhinji kuongororwa kwepabonde kwepamuviri kunoitwa kaviri: pa10-13 uye masvondo 16-19. Chinangwa chayo ndechokuona kuti zvinogona kuitika zvakanyanya chromosomal pathologies:
- trisomi ye chromosome yechi21 (Down syndrome);
- trisomy ye 18 chromosome (Edwards chirwere);
- chiremera chesaural tube ye fetus (spinal cord non-proliferation).
Kuongorora kunosanganisira zvikamu zvinotevera: ultrasound, kuongorora ropa, kududzirwa kwe data. Chikamu chekupedzisira chakakosha zvikuru: kuti chiremba anoongorora sei mamiriro emucheche, kwete nguva yeramangwana chete inofanirwa, asiwo mararamiro emukadzi ane pamuviri.
Chirwere chechipiri chekuita pamuviri ndechokuti, kutanga, zvose zvinonzi test triple, biochemical blood test, iyo inogadza kuvapo kwezviratidzo zvitatu:
- alpha-fetoprotein (AFP);
- total HCG;
- free Estriol (E3).
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvikwangwani izvi muropa reamai vane ramangwana, vanotaura pamusoro pengozi yekudzidzira maitiro ekurumbira.
| Kuita zvechisimba | AFP | E3 | HCG |
|---|---|---|---|
| Down syndrome (trisomy 21) | Low | Low | High |
| Edwards chirwere (trisomy 18) | Low | Low | Low |
| Nerve tube kuputsika | High | Kazhinji | Kazhinji |
Kuongorora kwechipiri panguva yekuzvitakura kunosanganisira kuongorora kweSysound Specialist inonyatsotarisisa fetus, nhengo dzaro, nhengo dzomukati, kuongorora mamiriro e-placenta uye amniotic fluid. Nguva yekuongororwa kwechipiri kwekudzivirira kwe-ultrasound uye biochemical blood test hakufananisi: ultrasound inonyanya kudzidzisa pakati pemavhiki makumi maviri nemaviri, uye nguva yakakwana yekuedzwa katatu ndevhiki 16-19.
Ngatitorei mifananidzo
Zvinosuruvarisa, havasi vanachiremba vose vanotsanangurira migumisiro yechiratidzo chechitatu kumadzimai anotevera. Mukuongorora kwechipiri kwekudzivirira pamuviri, zvinotevera zviratidzo ndezvokuti:
- AFP pamasvondo gumi nemanomwe kusvika makumi maviri nemanomwe ekuberekwa - 15-95 U / ml uye pamasvondo 20-24 - 27-125 U / ml.
- HCG pamusi we15-25 wevhiki yekuzvitakura - 10000-35000 mU / ml.
- Free Estriol pavhiki 17-18 - 6,6-25,0 nmol / l, pa19-20 vhiki - 7,5-28,0 nmol / l uye pamasvondo 21-22 - 12,0-41,0 nmol / l.
Kana zvikwangwani zviri mumiganhu yakasununguka, ipapo mwana angangodaro akave noutano hwakakwana. Usanetseka kana nhamba mumigumisiro yechipimo ichi inopfuura kudarika kwemiganhu yekugara: kuedza katatu kakawanda "kukanganisa". Mukuwedzera, pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa zvakaguma zvekutsvakurudza kwezvinhu zvipenyu:
- multiple pregnancies;
- IVF;
- kuremera kwomudzimai ane pamuviri (mumadzimai akazara, mazai aya akawedzerwa, kune avo vanoonda, anoderedzwa);
- miitiro yakaipa (kusvuta panguva yekudzivirira);
- chirwere cheshuga chemashuga muvakadzi vane pamuviri;
- tsanangudzo isina kukodzera yemakore ekutenda.
Kuona nezvekugonekana kwehutachiona hwemucheche hahusi kukosha. Hapana chiremba ane kodzero yekuita kuti aongororwe, ngaarege kuvhara pamuviri, pamusana pekuongorora. Migumisiro yezviongorori inobvumira chete kuongorora njodzi yekuva nemwana ane hutachiona hwekukanganisa. Vakadzi vane ngozi yakawanda vanosarudza kuwedzera mimwe miedzo (zvakanyanya ultrasound, amniocentesis, cordocentesis).