Nzira yehutano ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma mumuviri womunhu, chero kukanganisa mairi kunowanzokonzera hutano nekushanda kwezvimwe nhengo kana zvikamu zvemuviri. Kana iyo vagus nerve yakagadziriswa, zvino migumisiro inogona kuva ye "maruva" ose ezvirwere nezvirwere, saka zvakakosha kuziva zvirwere munguva uye nekuita zvakakodzera kurapwa.
Ndeipi iyo vagus nerve?
Kunzwa pfungwa ye "nharo dzinodzungaira", vazhinji vanofarira kuti sei inonzi iyo. Muzvinyorwa zvesayenzi kunotsanangurwa kwemutsara uyu zvinogona kuwanika izwi rokuti "Vagus", rakabva muchiLatin vagus - "kufamba-famba, kusvetuka". Zita iri rakapiwa nekuda kwekuti chitunha ichi chendangara chakareba kwenguva refu, ine zvakawanda zvebazi, kupararira muzhinji yemuviri womunhu.
Vagus inotangira muhenya, mu medulla oblongata. Kupfuura nemumakumbo emutsipa, kuburikidza nenzvimbo inonzi thoracic, inosvika pamwoyo nemapapu, uye inobva ichiburuka kuburikidza nekuputika mukati mechipfupa kusvika mudumbu, mumatumbo nedzimwe nhengo dzedumbu remuviri. Mutsara unodzungaira uri chikamu chemashumi gumi namaviri emirutsi inopera kubva muuropi, uye ine ordinal nhamba X (10).
Mutsara unodzungaira ndiwo mutsara mukuru, unobatanidza uye unoumbwa nesimbi, motokari uye mavara. Kushanda kweve vagus kunopa zvakawanda mafungiro, mabasa anokosha emuviri. Zvose zvaanoita zvakabatana nehurumende yekutenderera yenheyo. Heino chinyorwa chisina kukwana chezviito uye zvinotungamirirwa ne vagus nerve, iyo inoratidza kukosha kwayo:
- basa remhepo yekufema;
- kumedza chiito;
- kutaura;
- gag reflex;
- chifuva;
- kushanda kwemwoyo musungo;
- gastric basa, nezvimwewo.
Kudonha nerve - kuongororwa
Kana iwe uchifungidzira kudarika kwechikamu chegumi chemhino plexuses yemusoro, zvinoda kuziva nzira, zvikonzero uye dhigirii. Nokuda kweizvi, nyanzvi yehutano inotsanangura zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira: kombiyuta kana maginist resonance imaging yeuropi (MRI ye vagus nerve), x-ray kuongorora kwehenya neyemarara, electrocardiogram uye mamwe maitiro. Munguva yekuongorora, nyanzvi inoshandisa nzira dzinotevera kuti dzione zvinetso uye kuongorora dhigirii yavo:
- Cherechedzai the sonority of the voice and purity of the pronunciation of sound;
- kushingaira kwechimiro chechirwere chinotapudzwa;
- kuongororwa kwe palatine uye pharyngeal reflexes;
- kuongorora basa rekuedza;
- Kudzidza kwelarynx nekubatsira kwe laryngoscope, nezvimwewo.
Kudonha nerve - zviratidzo
Zvichienderana noupamhi hwehutano hwemabasa, kukundwa kwevash nerve kunokanganisa basa remaitiro mazhinji uye nhengo. Dambudziko racho rinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zviputi, tsvina, kupindira kwekupura, kusvibisa nezvinhu zvinouraya, zvirwere, zvirwere zvisingaperi. Zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwemhirizhonga inowanikwa zvakanyanya nechinangwa icho nzvimbo yake yaiputsika. Funga nezvemakiriniki ezviratidzo zvichienderana nenzvimbo:
1. Nzvimbo yakakosha:
- kugadzirisa zvakanyanya musoro;
- kusanzwisisika kunzwisiswa mumashure-e-nzeve nzvimbo, mumutero wekunze wekuongorora;
- kurasikirwa kunzwa.
2. Nzvimbo nzvimbo:
- kupera simba;
- shanduka izwi izwi rinoputika;
- chirwere chekutaura basa;
- kunetseka kufema;
- manzwiro e-coma mumutsipa.
3. Dhiracic dhipatimendi:
- kuora shure kwe sternum;
- kunetseka kufema;
- kuora simba kwekukanganiswa reflex;
- palpitation.
4. Mhumbu:
- kushungurudzika mudumbu;
- kurutsa;
- kuvhiringidzika kana kubuda.
Kuvhiringidza kwerusitiri nerve - zviratidzo
Kuvhiringidza kwemavirus, iyo inowanzotapukira kana kuti inotyisa, inowanzobatanidzwa nekukuvadza kune mamwe magogo. Kuvhiringidzika kwebvudzi rechisimba kunoratidzirwa nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvakanyanya zvakanyorwa pamusoro apa. Iva nechokwadi chokuti iwe unoteerera zviratidzo zvakadaro se:
- kuonekwa kwezwi remvura (risina chando);
- kuoma mukuedza kudya;
- chizoro, izvo vamwe varwere vasingacherechedzi muchikamu chekutanga chechirwere.
Tonus yevirus nerve - zviratidzo
Pasi pemutauriri wegumi zvepineous plexuses inonzwisisika nyika yakadaro iyo inogadziriswa inogadziriswa inowanikwa mumuviri zvichienderana nekuchinja mumamiriro okunze, muviri uye mutoro. Izwi revirus nerve rinogadzirisa hutano hwehutano hwepanyama uye hwepfungwa. Kana izwi iri rakasununguka, izvi zvinoratidzwa nekuwedzera kuduku mumapurisa panguva yekufemerwa uye kuderera mumhepo yekudzima, hukuru hwemweya hunofadza. Vanhu vane rukudzo rwetayalini kazhinji vanowanzova nemafungiro akaipa, pfungwa yekusurukirwa, kurwisa kwemwoyo.
Nhengo dzenzara dzinotsamwisa - zviratidzo
Mutsara unodzungaira unogona kutsamwiswa nekuda kwekunamatira panguva yekudzvinyirira nemidziyo kana neoplasms mumutsipa, pachipfuva, uye kazhinji - mukati mehenya. Chimwe chimiro chezvipembenene ndechokuti chinonzi neuralgia chepamusoro-soro chendangariro - imwe yematavi ezvimwe zvegumi zvezvigamba zvinokonzera. Zvichida, nheyo yehutachiona ndeyekubatanidzwa kwebhakitiriya rembeu kana achipfuura nepamuviri we hypothalamus. Muchiitiko ichi, kune matambudziko anoitika panguva yekudya uye anozivikanwa ne:
- kushungurudzika kamwe-kamwe mumucherechero kubva kune rumwe rutivi;
- kuora kwakasimba;
- general weak;
- kuora mwoyo.
Kuvhiringidzika kweve vagus nerve kunogona kutungamirira pakuwedzera kwebasa rezvinyorwa zve endocrine, zvine chokuita nekuwedzerwa kwezvokudya zvepamusoro uye pancreatic juice. Zvichida kuwedzera kwakanyanya mumukati peristalsis, iyo inokanganisa kuonda uye kuenzaniswa kwezvokudya. Apo basa remutsara rakaderedzwa kana kupera simba, zvinoshandiswa kutsvaga zvinowanikwa mubasa rekudya kwekudya.
Kupera nerve uye arrhythmia
Kusvibiswa kwemazuva ose kana kuwedzerwa kwemwoyo rhythm dzimwe nguva kunobatanidza nehuviri hwemitsipa, uye munyaya ino magythmia anosanganiswa se carotid neurogenic. Izvozvo zvinokonzerwa neve vagus nerve pamwoyo inowedzera usiku, mushure mekudya uye kuita basa. Varwere vanorwisa kurwadziwa mukati memoyo, vachitungamirirwa nekutya rufu, kutuka, chizuru. Nerve iyi inokonzera bradycardia, tachycardia, extrasystole .
Kurapa kweve vagus nerve
Hazvibviri kutaura zvakananga maitiro ekurapa vagus nerve, izvi zvinotaridzwa nehuwandu uye huwandu hwechiremera, urongwa hwekukanganisa nekuratidzwa. Mubvunzo uyu unofanirwa kushandiswa chete nemunhu anokwanisa. Kakawanda, kurapwa kunongogadziriswa nemishonga yezvinodhaka nekugadzwa:
- corticosteroids ;
- mavitamini eboka B;
- anticholinesterase drugs.
Zvine zviratidzo zvakakomba, kukurudzira kwevusus nerve inorayirwa nenzira yezvigetsi zvemagetsi, kushanda kunoitwa. Asi mune dzimwe nguva, varwere vanoda kuziva kuti vadzidzise sei vagus nerve panguva yekurwisa chete, kana kuti sei kudzivirira kuwedzera. Kuti vagus nerve irege kukonzera chirongwa chekuita, inokurudzirwa:
- kunonoka pakufema;
- chifuva;
- kunyudzwa kwechiso mumvura inotonhora;
- kuchingisa mutsipa.