Kubata pamuviri kunokonzera kugadzirisa umo 2 kana kupfuura macheche anowedzera panguva imwechete muchibereko. Izvo zvinowanikwa mu1-1.6% yevese pamuviri. Iye zvino pane kuwedzerwa kwezviitiko zvekutora mimba yakawanda, iyo inobatanidza nekushandiswa kushandiswa kwekubatsiridzirwa kwekuberekwa kwehutano.
Zvinokonzera kuwanda kwemimba
Tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvekudzivirira pamuviri, vanachiremba vanowanzocherechedza zvikonzero zvekuitika kwavo. Maererano nekudzidza kwavo nekucherechedza, izvi hazvingaiti kune vose vanogona kuita amai. Pakati pezvikonzero zvinokonzera kutanga kwekudzivirira pamuviri, vanachiremba vanoona zvinotevera:
- Genetic predisposition. Maererano nekuongororwa kwema geneticists, vakadzi vakambova nepamuviri yakawanda mumudzimai wechikadzi (kubva kuna mbuya, vanasekuru-mbuya) vanowanzoita 6-8 kakawanda kupfuura vamwe kuti vave mami maviri.
- Age. Pasi pemubatiro weHodmonal premenopausal kugadziriswa mushure memakore makumi matatu nemakumi matatu kuvakadzi, mazai akawanda anogona kubhurwa panguva yekuenda kumwedzi, iyo inowedzera mukana wekubata mapatya.
- Kugamuchira mishonga. Kazhinji, pamusana pemamiriro ekutora zvinorondedzerwa nemishonga inokonzerwa nehomoni (kushaya rubatsiro, kushushikana kwekuvhunga), pane kuve nekutsvaira kwemaawa mairi angakonzerwa.
- Kuvapo kwevana vanoverengeka vakaberekerwa muam anamnesis. Kubata pamuviri kunowanzonyorwa nevarapi mumadzimai akazvitakura zvakare.
- IVF. Mune nzira ye extracorporal fertilization , mamiriyoni emakondomberi mashandisi akatevedzwa kamwechete, ayo, mushure mekuberekwa, anoshandiswa muchibereko. Mukana wemakirosi akawanda akarembera kamwechete akareba.
Kubata twins
Pakuberekwa kwemazino dizygotic, mapatya anoonekwa pachiedza. Genetics inowanzoreva kwavari se raznoyaytsevye. Kubudirira kwemichero yakadaro kunowanikwa pamwe chete nekudyarwa kwemaoocyte maviri akasiyana. Muchiitiko ichi, kusvibiswa kwemajeri aya anogona kuitika mune rimwe divha uye mune mavhesi akasiyana. Kugadziriswa kwekuvandudzwa kwemasvini dizygotic kunogona kupiwa nhaka kumwana wechizvarwa. Vana vakaberekerwa pamusana pekuita kwakadaro kwakadaro kunogona kunge kusina unisexual kana heterosexual.
Achirondedzera kuberekwa kwemababa, zvizivo zvekuita izvi, vanachiremba vanocherechedza kuti kana raznoyaytseva kaviri mudumbu raamai, 2 placentas inogara ichiumbwa. Kazhinji ivo vari pedyo nemumwe, kunyange kugunzva, asi vanogona kugara vakakamurwa. Imbryo yoga yoga inogadzirirwa mumucheche wakasiyana (fetus), ayo akaparadzaniswa ne septum. Mune izvi maitiro ekugadzira pane 2 chorionic uye 2 amniotic membranes.
Kuberekwa nemawere
Muchiitiko ichi, kukura kwekuwanda kwemimba kunowanikwa semugumisiro wekuparadzaniswa kweiyo fetus egg pane zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekuvandudzwa kwayo. Kuwanda kwekuberekwa kwevana vakadai hakupfuuri matambudziko matatu kuburikidza nekuzvarwa kwe1000. Kuparadzaniswa kweii inoberekwa muzvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana pane chimwe chezvikamu kunogona kukonzerwa nekunonoka kwekugadziriswa, kupesana kwe acidity uye kuumbwa kweionic yemamiriro ezvinhu, uye kukanganiswa kwezvinhu zvekunze pamuviri.
Kubudirira kwemonozygotic mapatya kunogona kunge kwakakonzerwa nekugadzirwa kweiyo, iyo yakanga ine 2 nuclei kamwechete. Apo kuparadzaniswa kweii inoberekwa kunowanikwa mukati memazuva matatu mushure mekuberekwa - michero ine imwe neimwe ipascenta yayo uye amniotic cavity. Kana kuparadzaniswa kwemazuva 4-8 kubva pane zvepabonde, 2 mazai akaumbwa, rimwe nerimwe rine zvayo amniotic sac, asi neparallea yakafanana kune maviri.
Apo kupatsanurwa kunochengetwa musi we 9-10 mazuva mushure mokuberekwa, mazai anogamuchira rimwechete amniotic sac uye imwe placenta. Kuparadzaniswa kwezai pazuva 13-15 kunogona kukonzera chirwere - kusagadzikana kwakakwana, kunotungamirira kukurudzirwa kwemaJaamese mapatya. Ikoko kune zvakanyanya kushoma - 1:50 000-100 000 mhombwe dzechirwere.
Mikana yekuwandisa pamuviri
Nekuberekwa kwepanyama, mukana wekuva nevana vakawanda panguva imwechete muduku - 1.5-2%. Muna 99% mazana aya mapatya, uye katatu uye zvibereko zvakawanda hazviwanzozivikanwi - zvisingasviki 1% zvezvese zvekuita. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanachiremba vakawana nguva dzose - kakawanda pane kuve nepamuviri yakawanda naVFF. Izvi zvakabatsira kuberekwa kwekwenyuka kunosanganisira kuiswa mukati mumiriri weuterine yemakumbo akawanda panguva imwechete, iyo inogona kubudirira kubudirira. Mune mamiriro ekuberekwa kwepanyama, mukana wemapatya anoberekwa unowedzera mushure memakore makumi matatu.
Zviratidzo zvekudzivirira pamuviri
Apo kuve nepamuviri yakawanda kunowedzera, zviratidzo zvinowanikwa mumatanho ekutanga hazvisi zvakasiyana nezvakanyorwa naiye mukadzi paanenge akatakura mwana mumwe. Izvozvi zvinokonzerawo mubvunzo unowanzoitwa nevakadzi vanotarisira vanofarira vanachiremba, panguva ipi inogona kutora mimba yakawandisa. Kubudirira munyaya iyi inonzi ultrasound, iyo inopa chidzidzo chekudzidzisa zvikuru uye inogona kuitwa mushure mamavhiki mana kusvika ku5.
Ultrasound yekuwanda pamuviri
Usati wasarudza kuwanda kwekudzivirira nemubatsiro we ultrasound, chiremba anoita kuongororwa kwomukadzi ane pamuviri. Iko kufungidzira kuti mukadzi anotakura mapatya, vakadzi vanoziva vakadzi vanogona kuita kukura kwechibereko chechibereko, icho chinopfuura chimiro panguva ino. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekudzivirira pamuviri hazvipo. Chero bedzi paunenge uchiita ultrasound mu uterine cavity, mazamu akawanda anoonekwa zviri pachena. Mukuita kudaro, nyatsoteerera kune zvinhu zvinokosha zvinogona kuchinjazve maitiro ekutakura:
- chiyero che placenta (choriality);
- nhamba ye fetal blisters (amniotic).
HCG mune zvakawanda pamuviri
Nhamba ye hCG mukuongororwa kwekuwanda kwekuita pamuviri haina ruzivo rwakakosha. Kuwedzerwa kwechiratidzo ichi kunogona kuonekwa sechiratidzo chekurwara, kuputsa kwekufukidzwa kwe fetal. Iyi nzira hainzwisisi zvizere zvikamu zvehutano hwakadaro - hazvibviri kutsanangura kuti mukadzi ane pamuviri zvakadini. Kuti hCG inoshandura sei mumatauriro akawanda nevhiki, unogona kuona mutafura iri pasi apa.
Kubata pamuviri kuzhinji - njodzi
Kubata pamuviri kunobata muviri zvakanyanya. Somugumisiro, mukana wekuvandudza hutano hwakabatanidzwa nehutano hwomukadzi kana nehutachiwana hwekuzvitakura hwakakwirira. Kazhinji kacho mukuita, zvinetso zvinotevera zvekuzvitakura zvakasiyana zvinoitika:
- kupererwa pamuviri achiri muduku;
- kutanga kusununguka ;
- intrauterine kufa kweimwe yemakumbo;
- late gestosis;
- postpartum haemorrhage;
- hypoxia yemumwe kana vana vose;
- kunonoka pakuvandudzwa;
- kukanganiswa nekuumbwa kwamawele eSiamese.
Kubereka nevana vakawanda vane pamuviri
Apo kuve nepamuviri yakawanda kunowanzoitika, vana vaduku varipo kwenguva refu, kuberekwa kunogona kuitika nenzira yepanyama. Tichifunga nezvehutano hwekuita basa pakubata pamuviri, vanachiremba vanocherechedza kuwedzera mukana wekuvandudza zvinodikanwa zvekukurumidza kwekutengesa chirwere. 3-4 mavhiki asati atarisirwa zuva rokuberekwa, mukadzi ari muchipatara, anoongorora uye anoongorora mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Kubudirira kunokwanisika maererano neimwe yezviitiko zvinotevera:
- Kana pakanga pane matambudziko panguva yekuzvitakura, imwe yemapfupa inowanikwa nechepakati, zvose zvinenge zvichitaura kana kuti pane chironda kubva pachibereko kubva pakuberekwa kwepakutanga - vanoita chikamu chekudzivirira chinorongwa.
- Mamiriro ezvinhu ane pamuviri anogutsa, vana vacho vari munzvimbo refu-vanoita kubereka kwepanyama.