Kuberekwa kwepakutanga kusanganisa kwakadaro kwekuita gumbo, umo kutaridzika kwecheche kunowanikwa nguva refu nguva isati yasvika. Funga kutyora, ngatitumidze zvikonzero zvaro, maitiro, nyora mitezo uye chikonzero chekudzivirira.
Ndezvipi zvinogona kukuvadza kusati vaberekwa?
Vanachiremba vanocherechedza mazana emapoka ezvimwe zvinhu, kuvapo kwaro kunokonzera kutaridzika kwokutanga kwomwana. Pakati pese nzvimbo inokosha inoshandiswa nezvikonzero zvinotevera zvekutanga kwebasa:
- kuvapo kwekubvisa pamuviri, kubvisa pamuviri kusununguka mumamnesnesis;
- anatomical defects ye chibereko;
- istimico-cervical insufficiency;
- zvirwere zvinopisa uye zvinopararira zvekuberekwa;
- utachiona hwejenitourinary system (pyelonephritis);
- zvirwere zve somatic: arterial hypertension, zvirwere zvehutano hwemwoyo, kuparara kwehutano hwehutano;
- kutya kunyanya uye kushungurudzika.
Kutyisidzira kuberekwa nguva isati yasvika
Mukuwedzera kune zvikonzero zvakasarudzwa zvekuberekwa kusati kwasvika kwechecheche, vanachiremba vanoziva uye vanogadzirisa zvinhu. Apo pavanenge vachionekwa, kutyisidzira kwekuonekwa kwomwana zuva risati rasvika rakagadziriswa. Ngozi yekuberekwa nguva isati yasvika inogona kukonzerwa ne:
- kushandiswa kwemishonga;
- kunwa doro;
- kukura zvakanyanya mumuviri wehupenyu hwemamazuva anouya (kuwedzera kwekuita pamuviri kunopfuura 12 kg);
- hormonal imbalance;
- kuita zvakanyanya muviri, basa rakaoma;
- placenta previa.
Kutanga kusununguka - nguva
Nezvekuberekwa kusati kwasvika, vanachiremba vanoti kana mwana akaberekerwa mukati memavhiki 22-37. Zvichienderana nezvenguva chaiyo yekuonekwa, mwana anopiwa:
- mangwanani-ngwanani (masvondo 22-27), uremu hwemuviri wemakumbo 500-1000 g;
- kutanga (masvondo 28-33), kurema kwecheche i1000-2000, kufanirwa kwevana vakadaro kwakanaka kwazvo;
- kusununguka nguva isati yasvika, nguva 34-37 vhiki, muviri wehutachiwana hunosvika 2500 g.
Kuberekwa kwekutanga - mwana anoramba aripi kubva kune vhiki ipi?
Preterm kutora pavhiki 26 kazhinji ine mhinduro yakanaka. Pakarepo panguva ino, chirwere chekufema chinoputika. Chinhu chakakosha chinogadzirwa - anogadzirisa. Iyo inodzivisa kuparara kwemapfupa emapapu, inotamba basa rinokosha mukufemera kokutanga. Kuonekwa kwezvikwata zvakatarwa nguva yakatarwa inoda kushandiswa kune chigadzirwa chekufuridzirwa kwemuviri.
Kana kuri kubata kwevana vasati vasvika, kusimbiswa kwemichina yezvokurapa uye midziyo inobatsira kutarisira vana vanoyera kubva ku-g g.Asi zviitiko zvakadaro hazviwanzoitiki. Nemhaka yekusava nesimba kwakasimba kwenhengo nemaitiro, kune huwandu hwekufa kwehutano pakati pekutanga. Vanachiremba pachavo vanotaura kuti mukana wokurarama une mavhinga ayo ane uremu hwehutano hunopfuura 1000 g, uye akaonekwa pamasvondo makumi maviri nemasere uye gare gare.
Zviratidzo zvekuberekwa kusati kwapera
Nguva yekutsvaga kune vanachiremba pavanotanga kushanda nguva isati yatamba basa rinokosha. Nekuda kweizvi, mukadzi wese ane pamuviri anofanira kuziva kuti kutanga kwekutanga kunotanga sei, zviratidzo zvaro ndezvipi zvinotevera:
- regular contractions;
- kuenda kwe amniotic fluid;
- kubuda kwemuganda .
Zviratidzo zvekuberekwa nguva isati yasvika pamasvondo makumi matatu zvakafanana kune izvo mukadzi ane pamuviri anotaura panguva yekuzvarwa. Kusuruvara kunorwadza mudumbu rezasi, sekunyanya kwekuenda kumwedzi, izvo zvinowedzera nekufamba kwenguva. Mukadzi ane pamuviri anoona kuputika kweamniotic fluid. Vhuta ravo shoma. Kuburikidza kwezviratidzo zvakadaro kunofanira kuva chikonzero chekutsvaga kwekutanga kuchipatara.
Kutanga kusati kwatanga - zvinetso
Kana kuberekwa kusati kwatanga kunotanga, mukadzi ane pamuviri anokurudzirwa kurara pasi, kutora sedative uye kudana ambulensi. Kuti kubvisa kuparadzaniswa uye kuderedza nharo, zvinokurudzirwa kuti No-Shpa. Paanoisa mukadzi muchipatara, vanachiremba vanoona chikonzero chakakonzera kusati vaberekwa nechembera uye kuedza kuibvisa. Dzimwe nguva zvinokwanisika kumisa nzira yekutanga yekuberekwa. Panguva imwe chete, zvinodhaka zvinoderedza kusununguka uye uterine contractil inorayirwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, matanho ekurapa anotsvaga kuwedzera kubata kwe fetus kunoitwa. Vanachiremba vanopedza kudzivirira kwehutano svondo mumwana achangoberekwa - kutyora kwekufemerwa, nekuda kwekusakwana kwesimba rekupumha. Apo kuberekwa hakugone kuchengetedzwa, vanachiremba vari kushanda pamusoro pekutungamirirwa kwekutanga kwebasa.
Muchiitiko ichi, anesthesia inotarisirwa. Apo shoko iri risati rapera masvondo makumi matatu uye uremu hwomwana huri pasi pe2000 g, chikamu chekudzivirira chiri kuitwa. Nezvezvinetso, zvakakosha kuziva kuti nguva isati yasvika yemwana inogara ichizivikanwa nekukurumidza. Nemhaka yeizvi, mungozi yekuwedzera kukanganisa kwakadaro kunowedzera, zvakadai se:
- kushungurudzika kwekuberekwa;
- zvipuka zve perineum nemasumbu emukadzi
- basa risingaenzaniswi nebasa rebasa - kukanganisa kurongeka kwezvipikiso (kuderedza kunorwadza kwazvo, hakuna kuzorora kwakakwana kwemasikironi mumapapu).
- hutachiwana hwehutano hwekuberekwa - hwakaratidzwa kukura kwe endometritis, kudyidzana kwezvikamu zvepisiotomy.
Kuberekwa kwepakutanga - migumisiro
Mushure mokuberekwa nguva isati yasvika, vanachiremba vanobhadhara zvakawanda pamusoro pemamiriro echechecheche. Mwana wacho akaiswa mukuvez, apo mamiriro ezvinhu pedyo neavo ari mudumbu reamai vanosikwa. Pakati pezvinhu zvinodzora zvinoratidzira zvakanaka maitiro, nzvimbo yepamusoro inotorwa nehukuru. Vanamukoti zuva rimwe nerimwe vachiyera, vachicherechedza simba rekuwanda.
Kudzivirira kuberekwa kusati kwapera
Kudana zviratidzo zvekutyisidzirwa kwekuberekwa kusati kwasvika, zvakakosha kuziva kuti chitarisiko chavo chiratidzo chinonyatsotarisirwa chekuchengetwa kwevakadzi vane pamuviri. Mukadzi ari kuongororwa, zvinodhaka zvinorayirwa. Izvo zvinobuda zviratidzo zvepamberi pebasa pavhiki 28 zvinoratidza kuonekwa kunovuya kwechecheche. Kuti izvi hazvina kuitika, ita zvinodzivirira:
- kugadziriswa kwezvirwere zvebonde rekuberekwa pachikwata chekudzivirira pamuviri;
- kunyorwa kunyoresa muchipatara chekuberekwa panguva yekutanga kwekuita gestation;
- nguva yekuongorora.