Kukurudzira kunosanganisira nzira yekukurudzira munhu kune rimwe basa kuitira kuti azadzise zvinangwa, zvose zvake uye sangano. Kukurudzira vashandi, zvakakosha kuchinja zvavanoda uye kuvabvumira kuti vaite basa. Kusvika iye zvino, pane zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinowanzoshandiswa nevatungamiriri vemakambani akasiyana.
Mazuva ano mafungiro ekukurudzira
Nzira dzakarongwa nevanonyatsozivikanwa zvepfungwa dzezana remakore rapfuura dzinowedzera kuva dzisina basa, sezvo sangano iri richiramba richichinja. Vamiririri vemazuva ano vanowedzera kushandisa nzira yekusimudzira pfungwa dzinofunga kuti dzinoda sechikamu chekuita maitiro kunobatanidza nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Munhu, kuti aite chinangwa chakanaka, anoparadzira kushanda uye anosarudza imwe rudzi rwemafambiro. Kune mazita mazhinji emazuva ano mafungiro ekukurudzira muhutungamiri.
- Kumirira . Inoratidza kuti munhu anofanira kutenda kuti chisarudzo chakakwana chichakubvumira kuwana zvaunoda.
- Kuisa zvinangwa . Anotsanangura kuti mufambiro womunhu wacho unobva pane basa.
- Kuenzana . Inobva pakuziva kuti panguva yebasa munhu anofananidza zviito zvake nevamwe vanhu.
- Kubatanidzwa kwekutora . Zvinoratidza kuti munhu ane mafaro anobatanidzwa mubasa remukati-sangano.
- Kukurudzira tsika . Inobva mukushandiswa kwekuita chiito chekuita chiito.
- Mashoko anokurudzira . Inoreva kushandiswa kwemitemo yakasiyana-siyana yemari.
Pfungwa huru yekukurudzira
Kazhinji, pfungwa dzinobva pakudzidza zvechido dzinoshandiswa pakudzidza zvinhu zvinokurudzira vanhu. Kuti unzwisise nzira dzekukurudzira kune rimwe basa, zvakakosha kufunga nezvemashoko makuru ezvakagadzirwa uye maitiro. Nheyo dzepfungwa dzevashandi vanotungamira mukuratidza dzinoratidza kuti chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kumunhu ndeyezvinodiwa zvake, saka vatungamiri vanofanira kudzidza kudzidzira kuzvinzwisisa. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti maitiro mazhinji aripo anoda kuvandudzwa kuitira kushanda munyika yanhasi.
Dzidziso yeHerzberg yekukurudzira
Somugumisiro wezvidzidzo zvakawanda pamabhizimisi akasiyana-siyana, nyanzvi yepfungwa dzeAmerica yakaona kuti kuvanhu vakawanda mubhadharo wakanaka haisi chinhu chinokosha pakuwana basa kufara, asi kunongodzichengetedza kuti varege kubviswa. Zvinhu zviviri-pfungwa ye Herzberg muhutungamiri inotsanangura zvikamu zviviri zvinokosha, izvo ndezvevanhu vane chikonzero chakakwana.
- Hygienic factors . Iri boka rinobatanidza zvikonzero zvinokosha kumunhu kuitira kuti asadi kurega: huwandu hwehutano, huripo, hutungamiri hwematongerwo enyika, hukama hwehukama pamwe nemamiriro ekushanda.
- Kukurudzira zvinhu . Izvi zvinosanganisira kukurudzira kunoita kuti munhu aite mabasa ake. Zvinosanganisira: zvinokwanisika kukura kwebasa, kubvuma kwezviremera, mukana wekugadzira uye kubudirira. Kugutsikana kwezvinhu zvose zvakatsanangurwa zvinobvumira kukurudzira munhu kuti ashande.
Maslow's Theory of Motivation
Iyi ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakazara uye dzakakwana yekugadzirisa zvinodiwa nemunhu. Maererano nenyanzvi yezvepfungwa, hutano hwehupenyu hwakananga hunoenderana nekugutsikana kwevanhu vave nemafungiro avo pachawo. Izwi reMaslow rinotungamira rinoshandiswa kakawanda kune vamwe. Piramidi yakakonzerwa yakagadzirwa, inobva pane zvinokosha zvakanyanya zvepanyama.
Maslow anotenda kuti kufambira mberi kusvika kumusoro kwepamusoro zvakakosha kugutsa zvido zveimwe nhanho. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti munyori akadzokorora zvakare kuti mumanzwiro ake ekukurudzira muhutungamiri piramidi inosarudza zvido zvevanhu, uye kwete yeumwe munhu, sezvo vanhu vose vari voga, uye, sezvinozivikanwa, pane zvisiri pamutemo unokosha.
McClelland nyanzvi yekukurudzira
Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa yeAmerica yakaronga mufananidzo wake wemanzwiro evanhu, izvo zvakakamurwa kuva mapoka matatu: chido chemasimba, kubudirira nekubatanidzwa. Vanomuka munguva yehupenyu semugumisiro wokuwana ruzivo, kushanda nekukurukura nevanhu. Nyanzvi yaMcClelland mukuronga inoratidza kuti vanhu vanoda hurumende vanoda kusimbiswa, kupa mari yakawanda uye mazano ekuzadzisa chinangwa, kuumba chivimbo mune zvavanogona uye kukwanisa, uye vanofarira zvinangwa zveboka rose.
Pfungwa yechipiri munyaya yekukurudzirwa kwekutungamira naMcClelland ndiyo chido chekubudirira. Kune vanhu vanoedza kubudirira, iyo iyo nzira yekuzadzisa chinangwa inokosha, asiwo iro basa. Vagamuchira chigumisiro, ivo vari kuverenga mukukurudzira. Boka rechitatu vanhu vanofarira hukama hwevamwe, saka nokuda kwekukurudzira kwavo iwe unofanirwa kuva nehanya nehupenyu hwavo hwega.
Dzidziso ye Freud yekukurudzira
Mumwe anonyanya kuzivikanwa nezvepfungwaanalyst aidavira kuti munhu muupenyu hwake anokanganisa zvishuvo zvakawanda, asi hazvibviri zvachose nekuzviratidza pachavo panguva apo munhu haazvitarisiri, somuenzaniso, mukurota kana kuchengetedza. Nokudaro Freud inopedzisa kuti vanhu havagoni kunyatsonzwisisa chikonzero chezviito zvavo, uye pane zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira kutenga.
Nyanzvi dzehutungamiri dzinoda kudzidza zvikonzero zvisinganzwisisiki zvevatengi, vachiedza kuzarura zvido zvavo zvakadzama, uye kusaona zviri pamusoro. Nhepfenyuro yaFrud yekukurudzira inoreva kushandisa nzira dzinotevera dzekutsvakurudza: kushamwaridzana vakasununguka, kududzirwa kwezvifananidzo, mitambo yemitambo uye kugadziriswa kwemutongo zvinopa humwe ruzivo rwakakosha kudarika kuongororwa kwemazuva ose.