Chirwere chekemikari - zviratidzo, zvinokonzera, kurapa uye kufungidzira kwemarudzi ose eoncology

Chirwere chetachiona chirwere chinoonekwa kuti hachiwanzoitiki. Inowanikwa mu1% yematambudziko evanhu vose kanzira. Madzimai, chirwere ichi chinowanikwa katatu kakawanda kakawanda pane pane zvepabonde zvakasimba. Chirwere chepamusoro chinowanikwa kune vakadzi vane makore 45-60.

Chirwere chetachiona - zvinokonzera

Kusvika iye zvino, nyanzvi haigoni kutaura nechivimbo zvachose izvo zvakakonzera kukanganisa uku. Zvisinei, vanoona zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinowedzera njodzi yekukura kwakaipa. Pakati pavo, chiitiko chikuru chinoshandiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro:

1. Kurongeka kwehupenyu - munguva ichangopfuura masayendisiti akacherechedza geni rinoparidzirwa kubva kune hama dzepedyo, iro rinokonzera kukura kwechirwere ichi. Kana iripo mumuviri, mukana wekuitika kune oncology ndeye 100%.
2. Mamiriro ezvinhu anonyanya kushanda - kunyanya basa rine ngozi yevashandi vezvehutano mukukurukurirana nemayero yeioni inoonekwa. Uyewo mune rimwe boka revanhu vanoisa pangozi vashandi vari "zvinotyisa" mabhizimisi uye avo vane mabasa ane chokuita nesimbi yakakura.
3. Kusvibiswa kwemasvivhoni - mushure mekukanganisa kweChernobyl, incology yehutano hwetachiona munzvimbo dzakawanda dzenzvimbo idzi dzaiongororwa ka15 kazhinji pane izvi zvisati zvaitika. Ngozi inotakurwa kunyange nemvura inonaya mvura inowira kunze nguva dzose mushure mekuedzwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya.
4. Kuwedzereka mupfungwa - kushamiswa kwakanyanya kwekutya uye kuora mwoyo kunokanganisa hutachiwana. Somugumisiro, hurongwa hwekudzivirirwa haugoni kuparadza kenza yemasera.
5. Miitiro inokuvadza - muutsi hwefodya ine makemikari, iyo inopisa muviri. Takapinda mumuviri wesimba uye doro.

Kanzira yehutano hwetachiona inogona kukuvadza zvinhu zvakadai:

• matumbo pamakumbo emakumbo;
• mapuropa mu rectum;
• multinodular goiter ;
• kenza yekoroni ;
• mutsvuku muhutano hwetroroid;
• zvirwere zvekuberekwa kwevakadzi;
• hormonal kuchinja mumuviri, nekuda kwekuita pamuviri kana kumisa kumwedzi.

Chirwere chepurojekiti - chikamu

Kune mhando dzakawanda dzezvakaipa zvinogadzirwa. Zvichienderana nechimiro chake chechirevo chekenza yehutachiona, mhuka dzine izvi:

• amaplastic;
• follicular;
• papillary;
• medullary.

Papillary thyroid cancer

Ichi ndicho chimiro chinonyanyozivikanwa chechirwere chisina kunaka: chinowanikwa mune 80% yematambudziko. Denda rakagamuchira zita rayo kubva muchiLatin izwi, rinoshandurwa kuti "papilla". Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti tumarara rionekwe: pamusoro penzvimbo dzayo kune mavara akafanana nemapillae kunze. Papillary thyroid cancer inonzi inoratidzika zvikuru. Mune mamwe mazwi, masero ayo haatarise pakutanga kuona, seine utano.

Apo paunodzidza pasi pekroscope yejereji yeganda muvanhu vane utano, mu10% yezviitiko zviduku zvishoma zvinowanikwa. Kakawanda kazhinji matumire akadaro haabatsiri. Kana vakatanga kukura, zvinokosha kuti zviite nokukurumidza. Kenza yakadaro yehutano yekotori haisi kutenderera kubvumira mastasti. Uyezve, inorapwa zvakanaka kana iwe uchitsvaga rubatsiro rwechipatara nenguva.

Medullary thyroid cancer

Izvi zvakashata zvinoratidzika hazviwanzo: zvinowanikwa mune 5-8% yemhosva. Medullary utachiona hwehutachiona hunotyisa nokuti tumarara kuburikidza ne capsule inogona kukura mumutambo. Panguva imwe chete, zvinokonzera kukanganisa lymph nodes, chiropa, mapapu nedzimwe nhengo dzomukati. Njodzi yemhando iyi yekenza ndeyekuti ine utsinye uye iri kukura nokukurumidza.

Mhando yekenza yehutachiona

Izvi zvinoratidzika sechirwere chinotaridzirwa chinoonekwa sechipiri kupfuura mamwe mushure mekunyorwa kwepilestry. Kunze, chironda chinofanana nehomwe, ndicho chikonzero ichi chirwere chakagamuchira zita rakadaro. Kazhinji chirwere chakadaro chinowanikwa kune avo vane kudya kwavo kwakanyanya mune iodine-ine zvokudya. Chirwere chetachiona chemukoko mu 30% chemhosva hachiparadzi kune mimwe miviri yakapoteredza uye haina kukura mumidziyo yeropa. Zvisinei, chirwere ichi chinogona kuzvibata nechisimba. Iyo inogona kusanganisa kwete chete lymph nodes nemidziyo yeropa, asiwo mapfupa nemapapu.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer

Ichi chirwere chinowanikwa chinonyanya kuwanikwa. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekubudirira mune gland reasypical cells. Anaplastic chirwere chetachiona chinoratidzwa nekukura kwakanyanya kwemashutu. Iyo gland inowedzera zvikuru muhukuru, kufema zvikamu zviri pedyo. Izvi zvakazara nezvinetso nekumedza nekufema. Kazhinji kacho chirwere ichi chinowanikwa kune vakwegura.

Chirwere chetachiona - zviratidzo

Kubudirira kweiyo yakaipa maumbirwo inopindirana nezvimwe zviratidzo. Zviratidzo zvechirwere chetachiona muvakadzi zvine izvi:

• kusagadzikana kweropa ;
• chisimbiso chinonzwika pamutsipa;
• kazhinji anotaura marwadzo ekubatana;
• yakarongedzwa nekurasikirwa kwetsoka kwakanyanya;
• ganda rinova rakaoma;
• kune kukanganisa kwehope;
• mutoro wenyama unochinja zvinoshamisa;
• inzwi rinowedzera;
• kukundwa nekupiswa kwekupisa;
• chiyeuchidzo chinowedzera uye kufungisisa kwekucherechedza kwakaderedzwa;
• kuderedza chido chepabonde;
• zvakare inononoka mafungiro.

Nhanho dzekenza yekameti

Chero dzidzo yekenza inoenda mumatanho mana ekufambisa. Paanosarudza danho, chiremba anofunga nezvezvinhu zvinotevera:

• tumarara tukuru;
• kuti yakawanda zvakadini (kune chinangwa mukati meglande kana kupararira kumatumbu ari pedyo);
• kuvapo kwemasastases.

Chirwere chetachiona chinopinda mumatanho akadaro ekufambira mberi:

1. Kumhanyira kwakapetwa kunopfuura 2 cm, zvinopisa zvinogadzirisa hazvikudziviriri capsule. Panguva ino hapana maitiro.
2. Chiremera chisina kukwana kana zvimwe zviduku zviduku. Kune rumwe rutivi rwehutano hwetachiona, kwavari, nzvimbo dzemaitiro dzinogona kuonekwa.
3. Dumbu racho rinowedzera uye rinokura rikava kapsule. Inogona kutengeswa kumatumbu etrachea. Panguva ino, metastases inobata zvikamu zviviri zvetachiona gland.
4. Dumbu racho rinokura zvakasimba. Chirwere chetachiona (chikwata chechina) chinogona kuonekwa musina meso. Muchikamu chepakati chemutsipa hombodo huru inoumbwa. Iyo yakawedzera muhukuru hwehutano hwetachiona. Metastase inopinda nhengo dzakawanda dziri pedyo nematukisi.

Chirwere chetachiona - kuongororwa

Kana zviratidzo zvekuzvidya mwoyo zvikawanikwa, iwe unofanira kubva waonana nachiremba. Chokutanga pane zvose, iye achanyatsoteerera murwere, achaongorora uye kutarisa utachiona uye mutsipa. Kana akacherechedza zvisizvo kubva pane zvinowanzoitika, acharumbidza kuti aongorore:

• ultrasound (kanzera yekameti haigoni kuonekwa ne 100% kuvimba kwe ultrasound)
• yakanaka nendiro inopisa kupisa biopsy ;
• scintigraphy;
• laryngoscopy;
• MRI;
• kuongororwa kweropa kune vashandi.

Kanzera yekrishi - kurapwa

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzokurwisa chirwere chakadaro. Chisarudzo chavo chinoenderana neshoko rechilonda, hukuru hwayo, kuvapo kwemasastases nezvimwe zvakadaro. Kanzira yehutachiona gland inobatwa nenzira dzakadaro:

• radioiodine therapy;
• hormonal preparations;
• chirurgical intervention;
• irradiation;
• chemotherapy.

Kanzera yekemikari - kliniki mazano

Pazvikamu zvekutanga zvechinetso, kunyatsosarudzwa mushonga wemishonga kunobatsira kutsungirira. Muchiitiko ichi, mishonga yakadaro inogona kushandiswa:

• Somatulin;
• L-thyroxine;
• Bleomycin Sulphate.

Kana kenza yekroid inowanikwa, chiremba achakurudzira mazano pamusoro peshoko rekudya. Zvakakosha kupfumisa chikafu nemishonga yakadai ine iodine:

• mishonga (beet, tomate, mbatatisi, garlic);
• michero nemabriji (cherries, persimmons, aples, rowan);
• muto uye buckwheat;
• hove (crab, squid, sea cabbage);
• hove;
• nyama;
• Zvigadzirwa zvemucheka (chezi, mukaka, cottage cheese);
• mazai.

Chirwere chetachiona - kuvhiyiwa

Kune marudzi akadaro ekupindira kwokuvhiya:

• hutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona - utachiona hwetachiona hwakabviswa zvachose pamwe chete nemakirini ane lymph anopindwa;
• subtotal resection - chikamu chechirongwa chinochengetwa.

Kana kenza yekemikari yakapararira mastasia mukati memapule, chiremba anoona zvakakosha kubvisa mhuka dzakagadzikana nekukurumidza. Kurapa munyaya ino kunomiririrwa nezvikamu zvinotevera:

1. Kugadzirira kwemurwere - iwe unoda kupedza maedzo ose anodiwa pakushanda. Nenguva iyo nzira iyi ichiitwa, munhu haafaniri kunge ane zvirwere zvinotapukira zvakanyanya kana zvirwere zvisingaperi zvisingagumi.
2. Kukurukurirana ne anesthesiologist, chiremba uye chiremba -murwere ane kodzero yekuziva kuti basa racho richaitwa sei, uye kuti kupindira kwakadaro kunoputirana nei.
3. Nhanganyaya yeaneshesia - munhu ari muhope yehope huru, haawani kurwadziwa kana chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka.
4. Kunyatsoita tsvina - nguva yenguva yacho inotsamira pakuoma kwayo. Kana chirwere chetachiona chinofanirwa kubviswa, kupindira kwekuvhiya kuchaitwa muawa. Kana kusungirirwa uye kukanganisa lymph nodes zvichidiwa, nzira yacho inogona kunonoka kwemaawa maviri.
5. Kudzorerwa kwepasiporesi - murwere akarayirwa kuzorora zvakakwana kwemaawa 24 ekutanga. Iyo mvura inoshandiswa mumugodhi umo basa racho rakaitwa. Pano tube iri kunze inouya kupera. Rimwe zuva gare gare mvura inoshandiswa inobviswa uye yakasungwa. Mushure mokunge chirwere chetachiona chakashandiswa, murwere anobudiswa kumba kwemazuva maviri. Zvisinei, anofanirwa kushanyira chiremba wechiremba nguva dzose kuitira kuti aone kuti zvinhu zvose zvinoporesa uye sei mamiriro emunhu.

Chirwere chetachiona - kufungidzira

Mukugadzirisa chinhu ichi, chimiro chake chechirevo chechionda chinotora basa rinokosha.

Oncology ye thyroid gland kanowanzo:

1. Kenza yeAnaplastic inenge 100% inogona kufa.
2. Medullary fomu - ine chirwere chepasi.
3. Mhando yehupenzi - shoma shomanana kupfuura zvingasarudzwa pamusoro apa. Ane chiratidziro chakanaka chemigumisiro yakanaka, kunyanya kune varwere vasati vadarika 50.
4. Kenza yemapapare mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwetachiona gland - ine chirevo chakanyanya kufungidzira. Maererano nehuwandu, huwandu hwehupori hunopfuura 90%.