Mutauro wemuviri ndiwo mharidzo yakanyorwa pamusoro pokuti munhu anonzwa sei, mumamiriro ezvinhu api. Kuziva zvivako zvekutaura pasina kutaura kunobatsira iwe kuti uzive zviri nani iwe, shamwari yako, uye magwepistori anonyorera kune mutengi wako, iyo inobatsira kuvaka kuvimba.
Ko mutauro wemuviri unorevei?
Mutauro wemuviri inonzi psychology, sainzi inobata kukoshesa kwechiitiko ichi. Munguva yekushanduka kwevanhu, mutauro wemuviri wakashanduka zvichienderana nematenos, asi zviratidzo zvakawanda uye chiso chemaziso zvinowanzoonekwa kune vanhu venyika yose. Chii chinonzi mutauro wemuviri? Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzakapa zita ichi chiitiko - kwete kutaura kwemashoko. Mutauro wemuviri ndiyo kutumirwa kwemashoko kuburikidza nezviratidzo zvisiri pamashoko: zviratidzo, chiso chemaziso, gait.
Kusiyana pakati pemitauro yemitauro nemitauro
Mutauro wemuviri usina kutaurika mutauro wakatendeseka uye wakasununguka, zvakaoma kuzviumba zvachose, uye kana munhu asina ruzivo ane ruzivo rushoma angasaona hunyengeri, kusakwanisa kwechinyorwa hazvizoonekwi nemunhu anoziva. Misiyano pakati peusverbal sign system uye izwi rimwe chete:
- Mutauro wemuviri uye zviratidzo zvakanyanya zvekare.
- Kukurukurirana kwemashoko kunoshandisa inzwi, kutaura, uye kusina kutaura kwemashoko kune pfuma yakawanda uye inosanganisira:
- chiso chiso;
- zviratidzo;
- pantomime ;
- kuona kuonana;
- kuchema;
- kutaurirana, mathe, izwi rekuratidza (paralinguistics);
- kunonoka mukukurukurirana, kuseka, kuchema (extralinguistics).
Mutauro wemuviri uye zviratidzo - psychology
Mutauro wemuviri uye zviratidzo zvinogamuchirwa nevanodzidza nezvepfungwa, vadzidzisi veNLP vanofunga nezvemashoko asina mashoko anobva kumunhu "kuverenga" munhu sekadhi. Izwi rakakurumbira gypsy hypnosis uye kushamisa kunofanirwa kunobva pakuziva kuti maGypsies masters ekuverenga mutauro wemuviri. Rudzi urwu rwe ruzivo runodiwa kune munhu wese anoda kuzviziva iye nevamwe, izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzivisa kukanganisa, "kujekesa" pane zvinhu zvakawanda.
Mitemo yekududzira mutauro wemuviri
Mutauro wemutauro unotiudzei? Pamusoro pezvinhu zvakawanda, asi unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti kubudisa chimwe chimiro chekuita, chiito, kufanana nemashoko kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana haigoni kuita chimiro chechokwadi, kuchave nechimwe chinhu "pamusoro". Kune mitemo yekuverenga mutauro wemuviri:
- Zera remunhu, chimiro, chinzvimbo chinorayira zvavanoreva pamutauro wemuviri - mwana ane zvishoma zviratidzo, zvinowedzera kufanidza, mune munhu mukuru, gesticulation yakanyatsogadzirwa.
- Kuwanda kwegesticulation kana kushaikwa kwaro hakurevi nguva dzose kuti munhu wacho ane manzwiro kana kuti zvimwe zvinotonhora. Vanhu vakadzidza zvikuru vane ruzivo rwakakura havakwanisi gesticulation yakawandisa, kuzviratidza ivo, saka vanogona kutarisa mafungiro asina hanya mukutaura kwakapfuma, asi izvi hazvisi nguva dzose.
- Ungano yakakwana yekutaura, chiso chemaziso, maitiro, zviratidzo - kusawirirana kwechimiro kunoratidza kuti munhu, chimwe chinhu chinodzikatira, haadi kubudisa pachena, nhema.
Mutauro wemuviri - kupera
Kutaura kwemashoko kunotsanangura munhu zviri nani kudarika muturikiri wemashoko, kukurukurirana nevamwe, kushamisika kwedu kunokurumidza kuwana dunhu rega rega, asi izvi hazviwanzoongororwa nekuziva, nokuti vanhu vazhinji vanoziva manzwiro apo chimwe chinhu chakafanana nemunhu akanaka ane nhaurirano inoitika, asi chimwe chinhu pane zvinonyadzisa kana zvisina kukodzera mazviri - izvi zvose nokuti pfungwa dzisinganzwisisiki dzakaona izvo pfungwa dzisina kuona. Nokunyatsoziva zvinyorwa zvisiri zvemashoko ekukurukurirana, munhu anogona kududzira unhu hwemunhu.
Zvinorehwa nechinzvimbo chemunhu mudenga:
- musoro "wakabatanidzwa" mumatende akazaruka, zvidzitiro zviri patafura - mutauro wemuviri wemusikana uyo anoda kuonekwa nemurume ari muimba achida kutarisa kuwedzerwa;
- kutambanudza maoko pamusoro pebhokisi "pretzel" - kuvhara, kutumirwa, kuratidzwa kwekusatenda;
- kukurira - munhu munharaunda yekudzivirirwa;
- kudzokera kune interlocutor - kusada kutaura;
- ruoko ruchitsvaga chidimbu - kusuruvara, kusava nehanya;
- iyo musoro inotungamirirwa kune interlocutor - inonzwa kufarira kwechokwadi mukukurukurirana.
Mutauro wemuviri - chiso chemaziso
Nzira yekuziva mutauro wemuviri, dzimwe nguva zvakakosha kuwana ruzivo rwechokwadi pamusoro pomumwe munhu, unogona kuzviona kuitira kuti parege kuva nechokwadi kana munhu ari nechokwadi chemukurukuri, asi usakanganwa kuti muviri "unorarama" mumutinhiro wayo uye zvinonyatsojekesa mamiriro echokwadi evanhu. Chii chinoratidza maziso omunhu:
- maziso akazaruka, mashizha anotambanudza kumusoro, uye makona emiromo inowanzoenda pasi - munhu anoshamiswa;
- maziso mashoma, miromo yakanyatsomirirwa - chiratidzo chekutsamwa;
- ziso rinopera, mashizha akabatanidzwa pamwe chete, musoro unoderedzwa - kusuruvara, kushungurudza kunokudya munhu;
- kunyemwerera pane imwe mugumo wemiromo - grin, kusatenda;
- kuseka nemiromo yemunhu asina kuisa maziso - kusava nechokwadi.
Mutauro wemuviri - kufamba
Mutauro wemuviri nemuviri zvinonakidza kuona mumasimba-zvinogona kutaura zvakawanda pamusoro pezvinhu zvakawanda. Zvinhu zvemuviri wemutauro, kududzirwa kwekutama:
- mutambo nemagunwe, chido chekuvaisa muhomwe yejekete kana theteti - kazhinji varume vanoita apo vanoda kuratidza hukuru hwavo, chiratidzo chekuita zvepabonde, kuzvikudza;
- unozvibata iwe, kupfekedza - kushushikana, kusava nechokwadi, kuedza kudzikama;
- kutarisa paawa, foni, kutsika - kusuruvara, kusashivirira, chido chokubva;
- kubvongodza kwemaziso kunotaura kuneta;
- kurova chinya-kuisa pfungwa, kufunga nezvechimwe chinhu;
- kumucheto wechindwe ndiko "kucheka" kufamba-kushivirira, utsinye.
Mutauro wemuviri mumutambo
Mukudhanha, sekusava nechose mutauro wemweya nemuviri kuratidzira nyika. Kubvira panguva yekare, kutamba kuri mukati mawo pachako kwakange kunorambidzwa kutaura uye zvaive zvichikwanisa kuvhara mharidzo nenzira yekufamba kwemuviri. Zvinonyatsoratidza hupfumi huzhinji hwemanzwiro eIndia dance, apo mudzimai anotaura manzwiro ake kuburikidza nezviuru zve micromovements nemaziso ake, maoko, uye kutendeuka musoro wake. Iyo kutamba ichareva zvakawanda. Vamiririri vehafu yakanaka yevanhu nevarume vanowanzofarira mubvunzo uyu: sei kuziva mutauro wemuviri mukutamba kwemaviri uye kunzwisisa mumwe wako kana shamwari yako?
Kune "mutauro" wakavanzika mumutambo:
- achizunungusa maoko ake, achidhonza minwe yake kunze kwechibvumirano - zviratidzo kuti mudiwa wacho anobata ruoko rwake zvakasimba;
- ruoko rwakabviswa kubva papfudzi romumwe wako kana ushamwari hwepedyo - kusagadzikana, unoda nzvimbo yakawanda, zvinokosha kusunungura kubvuma;
- muviri womuviri wemukomana kuti uedze kubvuma kwakasimba - chido chokuva pedo;
- rwiyo rwapera, uye hukama huripo - hunofanana nekuve nemumwe wako, unoda kuramba uchitamba.
Mutauro wemuviri uye unhu
Mabhuku pamusoro pemutauro wemuviri akanyorwa nevadzidzisi vanobatanidzwa mukutsvakurudza kwehupenyu hwevanhu, kunyanya magweta epfungwa, masayendisiti ekufunga nezvemapfungwa, NLP-ers - ivo nyanzvi mune zvisizvo zvisingatauri mazwi omunhu anoti rurimi rwemutauro runobatanidzwa nehurumende, manzwiro panguva iyoyo, uye zvimwe zvinokonzera uye kutevedzera ndekuratidzwa kweunhu.
Somuenzaniso, munhu anoramba asina kugutsikana nechimwe chinhu, kazhinji anotsamwiswa, chimiro chechimiro chaanoita kwaari chichava: kuderedzwa kwemashizha, kunyange kukanganiswa pamakona kunoumbwa, makona akadzikiswa emiromo, chiso sechinhu chakaita sechando chando - saka unhu hunoiswa pameso. Yakaratidza kurongedza: mapepa akaderera, akadzoka. Munhu anofara - chiso chake chemaziso chinosvinuka: kunyemwerera kwechokwadi, kwete kutambanudzwa "kubva munzeve kusvika kune nzeve", asi kuedza kumativi emaziso. Mafudzi akazaruka, musana wakarurama, kutarisa kune mutsa uye kunyange meso ari kuseka.
Mukadzi wemutauro mutauro
Mifananidzo yakawanda yekutaura kwemashoko ndeyevarume nevakadzi, iyo inozviratidza mumamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa, zvinhu zvose zviripo pano. Mutauro wakananga wemuviri wechikadzi unova, apo hutano hwakanaka mumunda wekuona hunouya kune murume anonakidza kwaari uye zvakare mutauro wemuviri kunosanganisira kuziviswa kwehutano hwevakadzi . Iyo inozviratidza sei:
- unhu hunova hutsinye kana hunyengeri (kwete nguva dzose);
- panguva yekutengesa kwechiuno chake;
- kunokera gumbo kumagumbo - chimiro chekuita;
- Anotsvaira meso ake;
- dambudziko rinotarisa, maziso anovhenekera, vadzidzi vanotsvedza;
- inoridza nzeve munzeve, shangu pamakumbo ake;
- inogunzva vhudzi, inovhuvhuta chitubu pamunwe;
- inobata zvakangoerekana;
- inoratidzika zvishoma nezvishoma zvemuviri (inomisa sleeve, kumucheto wejasi);
- kazhinji anonyengedza miromo yake, anotarisa mugirazi.
Nzira yekudzidza mutauro wemuviri sei?
Kucherechedza ndiyo tsika yezuva nezuva iyo ichabatsira kuona kuti munhu, kunze kwemashoko, anozviisa pachake. Kunyangwe nekucherechedza, iwe unogona kuona kuti rurimi rwechikadzi rwemuviri uye zviratidzo zvakasiyana nemurume. Chii chimwezve chinokosha? Pasina kuziva iwe, muviri wako mutauro, zvakaoma kudzidza kududzira vamwe - zvose zvinotanga nekuzviwana-kuwanikwa. Mune ramangwana, paunenge uchitaura nevamwe vanhu, zvakakosha kuisa pfungwa pamunhu kwete mazwi ezviratidzo zvake pachake: nzvimbo munzvimbo, kuseka, chiratidzo.
Mutauro wemuviri - mabhuku
Kune avo vanonyanya kufarira kuti munhu anozviratidza sei kuburikidza nemafambiro emuviri, maziso emeso uye zviratidzo, munhu anogona kudzidza mabhuku akakodzera uye anotanga kunyatsocherechedza vanhu. Mutauro wemuviri uye maoko - psychology, mabhuku anokurudzirwa kuverenga:
- " Mutauro wemuviri ". I-ABC yemafambiro evanhu J. Fast. Bhuku rinofadza kuzviziva, iwe unogona kuona kuti muviri unoita sei mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana, ona "zviputi" zvayo, munyori anounzawo kusiyana kwemaitiro evanhu vakasiyana, izvo zvichabatsira kune avo vanoda kufamba kune dzimwe nyika.
- " Ndinoona zvaunofunga nezvazvo. " D. Navarro. Munyori webhuku ane nguva refu yebasa muFBI uye anoziva zvinenge zvose pamusoro pemafambiro evanhu. Kunyanya kubhadharwa kune nzira yekuziva nhema kuburikidza nekutaura kwemashoko.
- " Mutauro wemasaini. Nzira yekuverenga pfungwa pasina mazwi. 49 Mitemo iri nyore "O. Sergeeva. Mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana, munhu anozviratidza kubva kumakona akasiyana, uye muviri wake unotaura zvakajeka pamusoro pezvino ari muridzi wayo. Mashoko ayo anonzi 20%, chikamu chechando, uye zviratidzo uye kufamba kwe 80% - mazviri chokwadi chose.
- " Mutauro wemuviri wevatungamiri " G.K. Kinsey. Kune avo vanoda kukudziridza kuvimba mukati mavo uye kuvhiringidza kuvimba munzvimbo dzavo, maitiro ekuzvibata mubvunzurudzo, mune kambani, kuona vamwe rudzi rwevanhu, ndiyo ibhuku rakatengesa zvikuru.
- "Mutauro mutsva wemabasa ." Yakawedzerwa version A. Pease, B. Pease. Vanyori vebhuku racho, avo vanozivikanwa nepfungwa dzepfungwa zvemakore 20 vane tsika vakadzidza vanhu vakawanda mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana, naizvozvo mutauro wemuviri wemunhu wave wakavanzika kwavari kwenguva refu.