Melanoma yeganda

"Zuva, mhepo nemvura ndizvo shamwari dzedu dzepamusoro!" - iyo ndiyo yaiva chirevo chezororo rezhizha munguva yevazana remakore rechi20. Izvo chaizvoizvo zvakaoma kuramba iyi postulate. Kugeza mumvura yakashama, kunze kwemitambo yekunze, kufamba mumasikirwo - izvi zvose zvinogona kusimbisa hutano hwedu. Asi zvino mubvunzo unomuka, chirwere chepalanoma chepachivande chinonzi vanachiremba vemarudzi ose zvakadanidzira sei mumakore achangobva kubva? Ngatitorei neizvi.

Ndeipi inonzi melanoma kubva paganda inobva kupi?

Kubvira panguva iyo, semuhupenyu hwedu kubva kune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvemabhizimisi ezveshizha mafirimu mafashoni mafashoni emuviri wakanatswa wakapinda, chikamu chenhamba yevaya vairwara nehutachiona hutachiona hwakakwira. Uye, kana makumi emakumi emakore adarika apfuura, maranoma akangobatwa nevanhu vakayambuka makore makumi mashanu ekuberekwa, zvino kunyange vanorwara nevechiranoma vanogona kusangana kunyange nevakadzi kubva pamakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi maviri nemashanu. Chii chinokonzera kugadziriswa kwakadaro kwechirwere, uyo ari pangozi, uye kubva pachii chinonzi melanoma chinowanzobva?

Chinhu ichi ndechekuti, kuedza kutevera fashoni nekutevedzera zvifananidzo zvako zvaunofarira, vechidiki vevakomana nemadzimai, kunyanya vasikana, havaregi dumbu ravo, fry muzhizha pamahombekombe, uye munguva yechando mu solariums . Mukudengenyeka kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwe ultraviolet husina kufara masero eganda haumire uye unotanga kukuvadza.

Chokutanga pane zvose, muboka rekukuvadza, chokwadi, vanhu (varume nevakadzi) vanofanira kunyorwa kwema50, vane chido chekuita birthmarks uye mavara emarudzi. Zvadaro avo vasina chekuchinja pane peganda, asi mumhuri yavo pane maitiro e melanoma kubva kune hama dzepedyo. Uye pakupedzisira, pakati pevarwere vangave vanonzi dermatologists uye oncologists kune vanhu vane macheche machena, nyore nyore kupisa, bvudzi rakatsvuka kana bvudzi rakachena, bhuruu, grey uye mavara mavara. Zvose zviri pamusoro apa mapoka anofanirwa kufungisisa, asi ivo vanonyatsoda here tani inozivikanwa zvikuru?

Mhando dzeMelanoma Skin

Nenzira iyo, foci ye melanoma inogona kuwanikwa kwete paganda chete, asiwo mumucheche uye kunyange muhupamhi hwemuviri. Kunyange zvazvo iyo yekupedzisira ichitaura nezvezvikamu zvisingateereri. Pakati pese, kusarudzwa kwechirwere ichi kwakakamurwa kuva 4 mafomu makuru:

1. Non-pigmentary melanoma . Inonziwo amelanotic. Inokura pane chero ipi zvayo, kunyange ine chikamu chine utano hwakanaka rweganda. Inotaridzika segumbo rezvipembenene, kureva kuti, pink inoputika bump, yakangoita seyakagadzikana. Kubudirira kwehutano hwema pigmentary hunoitika mu 7% chete yematambudziko ehuwandu hwemhosva.
2. Nodal melanoma . Uyu ndiye asina kunaka, mukufunga kwechiremba, rudzi rwechirwere chinowanikwa mu 15% yezviitiko zvevakadzi vose. Muchiitiko ichi, tumarara inomira mukati mukati memaviri, zvose ganda uye mucous membrane. Mumatambudziko akakomba, kunyange mutsvuku nemirasi zvinoshandiswa.
3. Malignant melanoma . Mune imwe nzira, yakaipa lentigo inonzi. Sezvo mutemo, unobata ganda panzvimbo dzakashama, chiso, maoko uye mutsipa. Pamusoro pehuwandu hwemhosva, fomu iyi inobata anenge 10%, uye vanhu vakwegura vari kurwara.
4. Subungil melanoma . Zita racho rinotaura pacharo. Muchigadzirwa, ganda remunwe nemapindu rinosanganiswa, rinokurumidza zvikuru, rinoitika mu10% yematambudziko.

Zviratidzo uye Kuongororwa Kweganda Melanoma

1. Chero humwe huratidziro hwehutachiona hwehukara hunozivikanwa neyakeymmetry. Kana iwe ukatora rutsoka rwakananga kuburikidza nepakati penzvimbo yacho, ipapo hafu dzaro dzichasiyana zvachose.
2. Kubudirira kwechirwere, sekutonga, kunotanga nemarope aripo, birthmarks kana freckles . Uye, kana vari munzvimbo dzekukakavadzana kukuru, mumugwagwa kana pasi, dambudziko rinowedzera dzimwe nguva.
3. Nzvimbo dzakakoshwa dzine ruvara rwakasiyana. Mune imwe nzvimbo, michina, yakatsvuka, yakasviba uye kunyange mivara yakasviba inokwanisa kusanganiswa, kusongana kwechimwe chinhu.
4. Ikoko hakuna bvudzi riri pa foci ye melanoma, uye foci ivo pachavo vanokura zvishoma nezvishoma, kubva pahupamhi hwebhokisi nepeni uye kusvika kune nzvimbo dzakakura zvikuru. Pa100% kuongorora chirwere ichi chinogona kungova nzira yemhiopsy uye kuongorora kwakakwana kwemuviri wose mukati mekugadzwa kwechipatara.

Kurapa kweganda rekananoma

Kurapa kwechirwere chepachivande chekemanoma chinhu chimwe chete - kuvhiyiwa, nokuti ihosha inouraya, iyo inofanira kuve yakaraswa kare kare pamatanho ekutanga.

Kubviswa kwemalaoma kunowanikwa ne 3-5 cm mutsara wehutano hwakapoteredza, kuitira kuti usadzivirire kugadzikana kwemasimba emuviri mumasero ehutano ane utano. Kazhinji musati wabviswa, preoperative radiotherapy inoitwa. Inoporesa maronda ose uye maronda akaumbwa akapoteredza imba.

Immunotherapy ne melanoma hazvina maturo, sezvo inopa mimwe migumisiro yakakomba, panzvimbo yekubatsira kurapa chirwere. Paunenge uchitsvaka rubatsiro rwechiremba pakutanga, maranoma anopora zvachose. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana ukashandisa suncreen uye kushandisa zvipo zvechisikwa nemafungiro, saka haufaniri kutarisirwa.