Iri ruvara rakanaka uye runyararo ruremekedze uye ruchafadza iwe nekureba kwenguva refu uye maruva akawanda. Kuchengeta violets pamba hakurevi chinhu chakaoma - kuita kuti simiti ichinakire, zvakakosha kuyeuka mitemo mishoma.
Kutarisira Violet kumba
Nemhaka yekusaremekedza kwayo, iyi yemuva yemaruva inogara inonakidzwa nekududzirwa kunoshamisa. Kuchengetedza kwakanaka kwezvipfeko ndiko kuumba mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka pamaruva. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha ndechiedza. Iyi simiti inofarira chiedza, nokuti violets zvakafanira kusarudza hwindo rakawanda kwazvo, asi pasina zuva rakananga. Kana imba yako isina nzvimbo dzakanyatsonaka, zviri nani kuti urege kutenga iri duva.
Nzira yekudiridza violet kumba sei?
Violet inofungidzirwa kuva maruva asinganzwisisiki, asi kunwisa chinhu chinonyanya kukosha, uye kusiya pano kunofanira kunge kwakanaka. Chikonzero chakanyanya kufanana nekufa kwe violets mumusha ndiko kusaziva mitemo yekudiridza. Havadi kudiridza kakawanda kana kuomesa kubva muvhu, saka zvakakosha kuti urambe uchienzanisa. Tsvina iyo violet haigoni, asi inobatsira zvikuru iwo mweya wakanyorova.
Edzai simiti 1-2 nguva pavhiki, zvichienderana nenguva uye tarisai mamiriro evhu. Shandisa zvakasvibiswa kana mvura yakamira pachitonho chemukati. Mukutarisira violets, zvinonyanya kukosha kuti inwisa sei. Zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chokuti mvura haigoni kuwira pamaruva kana pamashizha ayo - unyoro hunoramba huchikurumidza hunoita kuti kuora.
Iyo yakasiyana-siyana yakanyoroveswa yevhu inoshandiswa muhuni ndeyokuisa iyo muhari yepani nemvura ye 2/3 yakakwirira yehari. Asi mitemo yekutarisira inorambidza kusiya mvura inenge yakachengetwa - izvi zvinokonzera midzi yakaora. Iyo ngarava inofanira kubviswa mumvura mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemakumi matatu, ichibvumira kuti igeze uye iise panzvimbo yakaoma. Kamwe kamwe pamwedzi, kana kunyange zvishoma, zvinobatsira kuti violets iite mvura, asi mushure mekuita iyo inofanirwa kuomesa maruva zvakanaka, bvisa mvura kubva pamashizha nemaruva netauro.
Kudyara violets kumba
Kuchengetedza violets kunoreva kushandiswa kwavo kwakarongeka kamwe kamwe pagore, uye kazhinji kacho. Izvi zvinodikanwa kwete zvekuti ivhu rivandudzike, sekudzivirira zvirwere - varwere, yakaoma uye yakaora midzi inobviswa. Iko kufemwa kuri nyore kwazvo:
- Violet inotorwa nehari yavo pamwe chete nedenga revhu.
- Kuchengetedza pasi kubva pamidzi. Iyo midzi inongororwa zvakanyatsonaka nokuda kwekuora kana kuoma, kubvisa.
- Muhari tinokonzera kuvhara kwemvura , kubva kumusoro tinodurura ivhu mashoma masentimita.
- Takaisa maruva muhari, izere ivhu uye zvinyoronyoro tamped iyo.
- Pakarepo mushure mekugadzirwa, tinosvina ivhu nemitemo yose.
Kuchengetedza violets mushure mekutapurirwa hakurevi chero zviito zvakakosha. Zvinokwanisika kuti ruva rinotora nguva yekugadzirisa - mashizha munyaya ino anotarisa kusvibiswa, asi mushure memazuva maviri zvinhu zvose zvinofanira kudzokera kune zvakajairika. Kuwanda kwezuva, kushandura nguva dzose kunobatsira maruva kuti agadzirise munguva pfupi. Asi ruva rinowanzochinja kupfurikidza nyore nyore.
Ground for violets
Mutemo unokosha mukugadzirwa kwe violets - substrate inofanira kuva yakajeka uye yakasununguka. Mumaruva ezvitoro, mishonga yakagadzirirwa yakagadzirwa nekuda kwezvirimwa izvi zvinotengeswa. Paunosarudza, chenjerera - ivhu rezviputi rinofanira kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- deoxidizer (dolomite upfu kana eggshell duku-milled);
- clean river river;
- vermiculite;
- charcoal;
- superphosphate.
Ndeipi inoda inodiwa zve violets?
Paunosarudza chirongo chezviputi , yeuka - hazvirevi zviri nani zvakare. Midzi yeduva iyi haina kukura zvakadzika, iyo inoramba iri pamusoro pepopoteni. Pane huwandu hwakaenzana hwehupu dzakakosha dze violets:
- 5 x 5 masentimita - anoshandiswa pamaruva maduku kana mavara emhando;
- 7 x 7 cm - yepakati-yakakura maruva;
- 9 x 9 cm - nokuda kwemavara makuru.
Shandura hukuru hwehari ye violets haisi kakawanda kupfuura kamwechete mumakore maviri, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekukura nekuvandudzwa kwenzira. Kana duva racho rarega kuiswa mubhodhoro 9 x 9 muhukuru, kana kuiswa zvakanaka zvakanaka kuzunungusa midzi yaro kubva pasi ndokuiisa muhukuru hwakafanana. Kudyara violet muhari yakawanda zvikuru kune ngozi kune zvikonzero zvakawanda:
- Mashizha achakura nesimba, asi haugoni kumirira maruva.
- Mhepo, uko pasina midzi, inotanga kusviba uye kuora, iyo inowanikwa nemidzi yakashata.
- Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, mapeji makuru anowanzotapukirwa nezvipembenene uye zvirwere zvehutachiona.
Nezvokusarudza kwemashoko, kune zvingasarudzwa, sei iyo yekuti violets inofanira kunge iri:
- Plastiki. Zvakanakira pombi zvinosanganisira kusununguka uye mari yebhajamiro, asi kune chinhu chakakosha kukosha - izvi zvinyorwa hazvipi huwandu hwakakwana hwemhepo. Iyo mhinduro yechinetso inogona kuva tereyi yakakosha ine chimiro chakafanana nemuchinjikwa, pamwe nemakomba pamativi ehari.
- Pottery. Izvo zvakasiyana - inodururwa kana kuti isina kushambwa. Vakaropafadzwa vane dambudziko rakafanana -kudziviswa kwemhepo, asi yavo pamwe chete mukurumbira nekugara kwenguva refu. Mukati kwete muhari, iyo violet ichazonzwa zviri nani, asi inogara kwenguva pfupi - inopfuura nguva iyo inorasikirwa nemirasi, chimiro chayo chinoputsika, kukanganisa kunogona.
Kuchengetedza violets kuti ibve
Kana kuchengetwa kwemukati mavarai kuchiitwa nenzira yakarurama, zvinowedzera zvakawanda uye kwenguva yakareba, dzimwe nguva zvinenge mwedzi gumi pagore. Uye kana iyo yakasvibirira isingadi, unoitei zvino?
- iduku duku duku;
- Izvowo yakawanda pombi;
- mamiriro asina kukodzera;
- ziso rezuva;
- kutsika kwemhepo yakadzika (pasi pe16 ° C).
Kuchengetedza violets panguva yekurira
Kana iwe wakasika mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kumiti uye wakapa kutarisira kwakanaka, ipapo ruzha rwe violets runogona kupera gore rose gore rose nekupfupika kwemazuva mashoma. Nekutanga kwezhizha, uye semugumisiro, nekuwedzera kwemhepo yekushisa, violet inoguma kubuda. Kana iwe uchida kuwedzera nguva iyi, zvinokosha kuti upe muti wacho nekunonhorera-nzvimbo munzvimbo yakachenesa, unogona kuibvisa kubva pahwindo sill kana yakanyanya. Asi cherechedza kuti nzvimbo itsva haisi mhepo yakasviba nokuda kweiyo violet.
Zvirwere zve violets uye zvipembenene
Muzviitiko zvizhinji, zvirwere zvepachivako zvemukati zvinokonzerwa nokusatariswa kwakashata kana mamiriro asina kunaka. Asi vazhinji vavo vanobudirira kurapwa. Saka, nemararamiro api anokwanisa kugadzira muchero, kukura violets?
- Powdery mildew. Chiratidzo chekutanga, icho chiri nyore kuziva kunyange pamutambo wekutanga, iko kupfeka kwakachena kwemavara matsvuku, sekunge kana mbeu yacho yakasaswa neupfu. Kurapa, maruva anofanira kuendeswa kunzvimbo yakasviba uye ine rima, inobatwa nefungicides.
- Nhema dzenhema dzinobatwa nenzira yakafanana neyozvino. Icho chinopesana nezviratidzo - girazi chena rinotanga kuonekwa kubva pasi pezasi kwemashizha, ipapo kumusoro.
- Rust is a fungal disease that is easily recognized by the color of the brown color on the side of the leaves, it is easy to notice the yellow pustules - these are fungal colonies. Mukurapa, zvakakosha kubvisa mashizha akabatwa, kuisa maruva kubva kune dzimwe miti uye kubata ne fungicide.
- Root rot. Chiratidzo chekutanga ndechekuti violet haina kukura kwenguva refu. Chikonzero chechirwere chinogona kuva kunyanyisa kunaya, kusakosha kwemvura kana ivhu rakashata. Kuti uchengetedze muti, bvisa mashizha ari pasi, bvisa midzi yacho, muti unobatwa nefungicide. Zvadaro tinozviisa mumvura midzi-forming stimulants ndokudyara itsva.
Imwe dambudziko iro rinogona kutarisana nemapasisiti, asi kana vakaonekwa pakutanga, vanogona kuraswa nyore nyore nemishonga inopisa uye mbeu ichadzoka. Zvipembenene zvakajairika zvezviputi ndezvi:
- mite (planar, cyclamen, spider);
- ganda (nhema-tine);
- nematodes;
- thrips;
- mealybug.