Haasi vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti saka vaida nemasikisi akawanda uye ane mavara, vakaenda kuEurope nokuda kweColumbus, kwenguva yakareba vaifungidzirwa kuti havakwanisi uye kunyange vane chepfu. Kwenguva yakareba ivo vakakurira chete nekuda kwekushongedza uye mahwendefa haana kuwanikwa kusvikira pakuguma kwezana remakore rechi18. Kubvira panguva iyoyo makore mazhinji apfuura uye zvino hakuna munhu anoshamiswa nematata - ivo vanodiwa nevanhu vakuru nevana, vachidya iyo yakasvibirira uye vachigadzirira nenzira dzine chiuru uye imwe. Hazvigoneki kufungidzira nyika yakaoma isina tomate ichikura pairi. Panyaya nzira dze agro-teknolojia yematato mubasa uye ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.
Kukurira tomato muvhura: nguva huru
- Kuti tomato iwane chiedza chikuru chezuva, nzvimbo yekuivara inofanira kusarudzwa zvakanaka.
- Usati wasima nyanya muvhu rakavhurika, ivhu riri pamubhedha rinofanira kunge richifanira kurapwa pamusoro pefungus nemhangura sulfate kana mhangura yekoroidi.
- Mhete yekutsiva inofanira kuve yakafuridzirwa zuva usati wasima matavi muvhu. Chikamu chiri pakati pemakomba chinofanira kuchengetedzwa zvakagadzirirwa kusvika pamasendimita 30-50, uye mapeji anofanira kusara 50-70 cm. Muchitsiga chimwe nechimwe zvinoda kuzadza humus, superphosphate (150-200 g), potassium chloride (30 g), urea (30 g), 50 g). Zviri mukati pematsime zvizere nemvura uye zvakasanganiswa zvakakwana.
- Zuva rakapedza kugadzira masango, tinosima tomate muvhu. Kana iyo michero ya tomato yakakura mu peat pots, iyo inoiswa mucheche nehari. Usatya kuti iyo masvingo emadziro achapindira nekugadzirwa kwechimiro chemuitiro wepamuti - mushure mechinguva peat ichava yakanyorova. Zuva rokudyara michero zviri nani kusarudza maruva, kana kuti kudyara mangwanani kana manheru, kana zuva risina kupisa.
- Kudiridza tomato mumunda uye kune zvayo zvishoma. Mazuva okutanga mushure mekudyara miche haikwanisi kunwisa, uye zvino kunwisa kana zvichidiwa, asi kamwe kamwe pavhiki. Kukurudzira kukura kwemitemo, kudiridza kunofanira kunge kwakadzika, yakawanda.
- Mupamusoro kupfeka nyanya nyuchi dzinoda muzvikamu zvekutanga zvekuvandudza: kutanga kubva pazuva rechi15 mushure mekudyara uye nehuwandu hwemazuva gumi nemashanu. Zvadaro kushandiswa kwema fertilizer kunofanira kumiswa kusvikira ovary ichiumbwa. Kunyanyisa kushandiswa kwe nitrogen fertilizer kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuumbwa kweivhai.
- Chinhu chinodiwa pakukohwa kwakanaka ndiko kusunungurwa nguva dzose kwevhu uye kuparadzwa kwemasora.
- Kuwana kukohwa kwakakwana, nekuderedza mari yebasa, kunobatsira kubvisa ivhu . Denga pasi pematato inogona kuvharwa nehupamhi hwehutu hwepamusoro kana peat. Kusiyana kwakakwana kwemasheki ndeyecheka kubva kune uswa hwakakoswa.
- Nguva yakakodzera uye inobudirira garter yemamato musango ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinokosha zvekukohwa kukuru. Chokutanga pane zvose,
masango akasungirirwa haazoputsi pasi pekureruka kwemichero, uye chechipiri, zvichava zvakanyanya kunaka kuti uzvichengete. Sezvokugadzira, iwe unogona kushandisa mashizha ekare, mashizha kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemaoko akareba zvakakwana, zvicheka zvidimbu zvikamu zvitatu paupamhi.Sekutsigirwa, matanda ane urefu hwemamita maviri kusvika maviri anoshandiswa. Iyo matanda yakavigwa muvhu ye 25-30 cm pane imwe nzvimbo ye 5-10 cm kubva mugwenzi. Chidimbu chejira chinovhara rutsika rwegwenzi kuitira kuti rirege kukuvadza, uye risungirire kumucheto. Hazvina kudiwa kuchengetedza uye kushandisa zvakare mabhanji kwemakore anoverengeka mumutsara - kuitira kuti iwe unogona kutapira tomate ne phytophthora nezvimwe zvirwere.