Kodzero dzemwana mumhuri

Kodzero dzomwana mumhuri dzinochengetedzwa uye dzinodzivirirwa nemitemo, dzimba uye munyika dzakawanda. IRussian Federation neUkraine, inotevera nzira yepamutemo uye yehupfumi, inotora zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvepasi rose mumunda wekodzero dzekodzero dzevanhu, uye inewo zvimwe zvinotarisirwa kudzivirira kodzero dzevana. Saka, mwana muduku anoonekwa semucheche; pasi pemakore gumi nemasere.

Kodzero dzemwana mumhuri muRussian Federation

MuRussia, kodzero dzomwana dzinodzorwa nemitemo yakadaro nemabasa emurairo:

1. The Family Code yeRussian Federation.
2. Mutemo wezvematongerwo enyika "Mukuchengetedza nekuchengetedza".
3. Mutemo wezvematongerwo enyika "Pamusoro pekudzivirira kwekodzero dzemwana muRussia Federation".
4. Mutemo wezvematongerwo enyika "Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvehurongwa hwekudzivirira kusaregererwa nevana vaduku".
5. Mutemo weMutungamiri weRussian Federation "Pamitemo Yakawedzerwa Kuita Kuti Kodzero uye Kudzivirirwa Kwezvido zveVaduku VemuRussia Federation".
6. Mutemo weMutungamiri weRussian Federation "Pamutungamiriri weZvito zveMwana".
7. Mutemo weMutungamiri weRussian Federation "Pamusoro peNational Strategy of Action for Children for 2012-2017".
8. Kugadziriswa kweHurumende yeRussian Federation "Pamushumo wehurumende pamusoro pemamiriro evana nemhuri ine vana muRussia Federation".
9. Kugadziriswa kweHurumende yeRussian Federation "Pamusoro peBurumende yeHurumende yeRussian Federation pane nyaya dzekuchengetedza munharaunda yehupfumi", nezvimwewo.

Kodzero dzemwana mumhuri muUkraine

MuUkraine, kodzero dzomwana hadzina mitemo yakananga, dzinoratidzwa uye dzinodzivirirwa nedzimwe nyaya dziri mumhuri, Civil and Criminal Code, muArt. 52 yeMutemo, pamwe chete nemitemo: "Pakudzivirira Dzimba Dzimba", "Pamusoro Pokuchengetwa Kwevana", "On Social Work nevana nevechidiki".

Nyaya yacho inoratidza hurukuro yezvinyorwa zve normative uye zvepamutemo pamusoro pekutsanangurwa nekuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzemwana mumhuri. Vakataura kuti kodzero yevana vaduku ndiko kurarama nekurera mumhuri. Izvi zvakakosha nokuda kwekuzadza kwepfungwa, huro uye hwemagariro evanhu vemwana mumwe nomumwe, saka iyi mamiriro ehupenyu ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pasina kuwedzeredza. Panyaya iyi, kubvumidzwa kunoitwa kunonyanya kukoshesa pane dzimwe nzira dzenherera kumhuri . Vana vane kodzero yekuwana deta uye kuziva zvose pamusoro pevabereki venyama, uyewo kukurukura nehama, kunze kwekuda kwekuchengetedza zvakavanzika zvekugamuchirwa.

Maererano nemaitiro ekusimudzira, vabereki vanomanikidzwa kutarisira hutano, dzidzo, yose-kumativi ose ekusimbiswa nekusimbiswa kwezvinhu zvevana. Kusvibiswa kwekodzero dzakadaro dzemwana mumhuri kunogona kutungamirira pakuregererwa kwevana uye kurasa kana kudziviswa kodzero dzevabereki maererano navo mumatare. Chiyero chakadaro chakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kodzero dzemwana mumhuri.

Iko kodzero dzeimba yemwana ari mumhuri ndiyo kodzero isina kodzero yekugamuchira zvakakwana zvinyorwa kubva kuvabereki. Kwavari, uyewo, iyi inzvimbo isinganzwisisiki. Kana mumwe wevabereki asina kupa mari yekuchengetedza mwana, zvino ivo vanounganidzwa mukutonga, kumanikidzirwa. Munyaya iyo kana vasingagoni kupa mwana, mwana muduku ane kodzero yekutora alimony kubva kune munhu mukuru uye hama dzakagwinya / hanzvadzi kana vanasekuru navanasekuru.

Imba yomwana inenge ichienda uye isingachinji, iyo inopfuurira kwaari nenhaka, sechipo, kana kutengwa kune zvayo, pamwe chete nemari inobva pakushandisa kwayo, zvikamu, zvipo zvemari uye zvikamu zvinobva kwavari, nezvimwewo.

Mwana wacho anewo mari kubva kumabasa ake ekutengeserana kana kuita zvepfungwa, pamwe chete nekubhadhara, iyo iyo ine kodzero yekudzivisa zvakasununguka kubva pazera remakore gumi nemaviri.

Kodzero dzevana mumhuri dzekurera dzakanyatsopindirana nekodzero dzomwana pasi pekuchengetedza kana kuchengetedzwa. Ivo vanochengetedzawo kodzero kune chero ipi zvayo yezvinhu zvavo, alimony, pensions, social social payments nezvimwe zvakadaro.