Glucocorticoids rudzi rwemhomoni inokonzerwa nemusana webasa re adrenal cortex. Imwe yehomoni inonzi cortisone, iyo panguva yekushanda kwechiropa inova imwe hormone - hydrocortisone (cortisol). Cortisol ndiyo yakakurumbira uye yakakosha hormone yemuviri womunhu. Mishonga inobva mahomoni aya ave achishandiswa kubvira kuma40 ezana remakore rapfuura.
Mhando dzeiyo synthetic hormones
Kusvika iye zvino, kuwedzera kune glucocorticoids yemuviri, kune mishonga yemishonga, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mahomoni ekugadzira, ayo akaparadzaniswa kuva marudzi maviri:
- fluorinated (dexamethasone, betamethasone, etc.);
- kwete-fluorinated (prednisone, prednisolone).
Izvo zvinoratidzirwa nepamusoro-soro kana uchidya dhikira rakaderera. Mukuwedzera, fluorinated glucocorticoids ine zvakanyanya kuderera kwemigumisiro.
Kushandiswa kwemishonga-glucocorticoids
Kugadzirira nezvinhu zveglucocorticoids, zvinoshandiswa kuwanda kwezvirwere zvakakomba, tk. vane zvisizvo zvakasiyana pamuviri.
Kakawanda mitemo yekusarudza zvinodhaka zveboka iri ndeyikuti:
- bronchial asthma ;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- leukemia;
- mononucleosis;
- ganda zvirwere (dermatitis, eczema);
- anemia;
- pneumonia;
- zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere;
- pancreatitis;
- hepatitis.
Iyo nzira yekutsvaga haina kunyatsonzwisiswa, asi kushandiswa kwekushandisa glucocorticoids kunogona kupesana-kupisa simba, immunoregulating, anti-allergenic, anti-shock. Kugadzirira kunobudiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana:
- sprays;
- mahwendefa;
- lotions;
- ointments;
- fluid for injection and inhalation.
Urongwa hwezvinodhaka-glucocorticoids
Izvo zvakarongwa nenzira dzakadaro zvakanyanyisa. Iyo yakakurumbira uye inoshanda ndeyikuti:
- Cortisone - inobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kurapa;
- Prednisolone - 4 kanopfuura inoshanda kupfuura Hydrocortisone;
- Prednisone - haina kukurudzirwa pamatambudziko ane chiropa;
- Methylprednisolone - inokodzera kurapwa nevarwere vane hutano hwakanyanya, kusawirirana kwepfungwa, zvironda;
- Triamcinolone - ine zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa kupfuura prednisolone, ine mhedzisiro yakasvibiswa kubva mumasuru uye ganda;
- Dexamethasone iri kugadzirira kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi;
- Betamethasone ndiyo mishonga inoswedera pedyo kune dexamethasone.
Zvimwe zvikamu zveglucocorticoids
Zvichida kuwanda kwezvibereko zvakanaka zvekurapa, glucocorticoids ine zvishoma zvinonakidza nemigumisiro. Ndicho chikonzero ivo vanowanzogadzwa sevanodzidzisa madzimai kana kuti vanoshandiswa mumatambudziko akaoma. Kugadzirira kweboka re glucocorticoids kunogona kuita kuti zviitiko zvinotevera zvisingadiwi:
- osteoporosis, chikadzi musoro necrosis;
- kuputsika kwemapfupa;
- yakaderera ganda turgor;
- kutaridzika kwemasvikiti, kuponda, kushaya ropa;
- kuwedzera mumuviri;
- kukanganisa kwepfungwa yemamiriro ezvinhu;
- chirwere cheshuga;
- kudzivisa kuberekwa;
- kushungurudzika kweropa rekudya (esophagitis, gastric uye muropa kumutsipa).
- ophthalmic zvirwere ( glaucoma , cataract).