Kazhinji izwi rokuti "barbiturates" rinoshandiswa kune mishonga yose inenge ichiripo. Ichokwadi, inoshanda chete kune rimwe boka rezvinoreva. Urongwa hwezvinodhaka-zviputi zvinokwana zvakakwana. Pasinei nokuti mishonga yeboka iri ine zvakawanda zvinopesana nemigumisiro, dzimwe nguva pasina rubatsiro, zvinenge zvisingaiti kutarisira.
Icho chinogadzirisa chiito chebharbiturates
Bharbiturates inogadzirwa pachikonzero chebarbituric acid. Vakagadzirwa pakutanga kwezana remakore rapfuura. Kusvika iye zvino, kubva kune zvinopfuura zviuru zviviri zvinodhiwa zvinodhaka kusangana pakutengesa zvinogona kunge zvisingasviki gumi nemaviri. Inotsanangurwa nechisimba chakaita mishonga.
Barbiturates ine simba sedative, analgesic uye hypnotic effect. Zvechokwadi, mishonga yakawanda yeboka re barbiturate inosanganiswa nemishonga - chaizvoizvo. Ichokwadi ndechekuti zvinodhaka zvinoderedza kushungurudza kwenheyo, uye kushandiswa kazhinji kacho kunogona kutyisidzira kugadziriswa.
Chiito chevarbiturates chinogona kufananidzwa nekuita kwemuviri kunwa doro: kutanga, nguva yekufadzwa uye kufara (zvichienderana nesheti uye hutano hwevanhu, iri danho rinogona kugara kubva pamaminitsi mashoma kusvikira maawa maviri kana matatu), mushure mokunge-hope huru, mushure mokunge vakaora mwoyo uye chinhu chakavhunika.
Iyo pharmacokinetics inenge inenge yose yebrigurates yakafanana. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvezvigadzirira zvakakurumidza uye zvinenge zvakanyatsopindira munhengo dzechipfuva chemuviri. Mune dzimwe nhengo, kuparidzira zvinenge zvisingaitiki. Chaizvoizvo, zviputi zvinotapudzwa kubva mumuviri neitsvo, asi kana uchitora mamwe marudzi emishonga, mutoro mukuru unowira pachiropa.
Mishonga inopesana munguva yechiito. Zvinokodzera zvinosarudzwa zvichienderana nechinetso. Saka, somuenzaniso, murwere mumwe achabatsirwa kubvisa pasi pfupi (kusvika kumaawa matanhatu) chiito, asi mumwe wacho achange achinzwa kuguma chete kubva pamishonga yakasimba zvikuru.
Zvizhinji zvezvinodhaka kubva pane zvinyorwa zvebarbiturates zvinorayirwa mumatambudziko anotevera:
- nekudengenyeka nekudengenyeka;
- kutarisana nekutambudzika;
- ane zvinetso zvekutya;
- apo kugadzirira anesthesia;
- nokuda kwekushaya hope .
Kudya kwekutanga kwebhakitiriri kunowedzera simba remunharaunda yeanesthesia uye mishonga inorwadza. Iwe unogona kutora mishonga seyakaita mahwendefa kana powders, kana intravenously kana intramuscularly. Mimwe yemishonga inobvumirwa kupinda mukati. Asi kazhinji kazhinji mabhakiti anokonzerwa mumuviri mukati.
Bharbiturates - chii chinovanetsa?
Hazvina mhosva kuti zvingaratidzika sei zvinoshamisa, mazita emishonga yakawanda inozivikanwa se barbiturates ikozvino inonzwika. Kazhinji, iwe waifanira kunzwa nezvemishonga yakadai seyi:
- Phenobarbital;
- Kubata;
- Heckobarbital;
- Butisol;
- Alurat nevamwe.
Mishonga yemishonga iri mune urongwa iyi ndeyekare-kuita bharururates. Kuchinja mumuviri, vanotanga pashure pechina cheawa (uye dzimwe nguva kunyange zvishoma) mushure mekutora.
Nyaya yemishonga inonyanyozivikanwa-mabhakiti anogonawo kusanganisira mishonga inotevera:
- Sodium ethanamine;
- Cyclobarbital;
- Talbutal;
- Metarbital;
- Reposal;
- Barbamyl;
- Methylphenobarbital;
- Thiopental sodium;
- Fiorinal;
- Nembutal;
- Lozatus;
- Allobarbital nevamwe.
Mukurapa, mabhakiti anowanzoshandiswa, akadai se:
- Suratil;
- Thiopental;
- Brevital.
Tenga zvose zviri pamusoro apa zvakagadzirwa pasina mushonga mune zvemashambamusi zvakanyorwa zvakanyorwa. Kana zvichidiwa, mune nhamba shomanana vanogona kuwanikwa kubva kunechiremba anoenda.