Apnea: Zvinokonzera uye Zviratidzo
Chirwere chemazuva apnea chinyorwa chinowanzodzokorora chimiro chekupera kwekufemerwa munhu anorara. Kazhinji kazhinji, chikonzero chayo ndechekusununguka kwemisungo yenzvimbo yepamusoro yekufema muhope, kuitira kuti ivhare, inodzivisa kusvika kwemhepo kumapapu. Nguva nenguva pane zvose zvinenge zvese, izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zvimwe kurara zvinokonzera, kuneta, kudhakwa, kudhakwa kwehutano hwehutano, nezvimwewo. Kunze izvi zvinoratidzika nenzira yekunyorovesa, kubvisa uye kupera kwenguva pfupi kufema (dzimwe nguva kupotsa kwakadaro kunogona kupera kusvika pamaminitsi 20-30). Kazhinji kacho, mushure mamaviri mashomanana, kufema kunodzorerwa pachako, munhu anomuka kana wega anotendeukira musoro wake kune rumwe rutivi, kusunungura mhepo. Asi mumatambudziko akaoma, hypoxia yeuropi inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekuziva uye, kana kusina kubatsira kwakakwana uye panguva yakakodzera, kunyange kukonzera rufu.
Zvinokonzera kukonzera apnea muvana:
- prematurity;
- brain trauma;
- anemia;
- kutora mishonga;
- kuora mwoyo;
- macroglossia in the infant;
- spasm yerinki;
- kuvhuvhuta kwema toni;
- Kukuvadzwa kwemakumbo emarara;
- cleft lip.
Zviratidzo zveApnea:
- lethargy;
- kutsamwa;
- kugona, kuderedza kufunga;
- cyanosis yemiromo.
Apnea muvana
Zvichienderana nezera, kufema kwevanhu kwakaonekwa kusiyana:
- Kubvira pakuberekwa kusvikira pakuzvarwa kwecheche kunowana oksijeni uye kudya kunovaka neropa, mapapu haabatanidzi mumugwagwa uyu uye nzira inowanzofema yekufema nemubatsiro wemapapu, saizvozvowo, haipo;
- mapapu emucheche anovhurwa mushure mekuberekwa, nekutanga kuchema. Kubva panguva ino mwana anokwanisa kufema anotungamirirwa nehutano hwake. Nokudaro, ndiko kukakura kwenheyo yepamusoro yenheyo iyo inofunga kukwanisa kwechecheche kufema zvakakwana. Ndosaka matambudziko akadai seapnea mumucheche asati asvika anowanikwa. Vashaya, vana vasati vasvika, pamwe chete nevana vane matambudziko okukura kwehutano hwemagetsi vanoda rubatsiro rwemishonga - pakutanga vanachiremba nemichina yakakosha vanovabatsira kufema;
- Vana vacheche vachangoberekwa, kunyange utano hwakakwana, havakwanisi mukudzikama kwemafambiro avo ekufema-rhythm uye kufema kufema mukati mevana zvakasiyana-siyana, kupfurikidza mapfupa anowanikwa (asi kwete kwenguva refu kupfuura maawa mashanu kusvika ku10).
Kusiyanisa kunofanirwa kunofanirwa kuongororwa kwepanea mumucheche nevana. Kuwanda kwepnea kwakakura kwazvo zvokuti nhasi vashomanana vanocherechedza kubata kwemudzimai, vana kana vamwe hama, kwete kufungidzira kuti kune zvakanyanya ngozi sei, kunyanya pazera remakore. Uye chaizvoizvo kuputika muzvitsva ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoita chekurumidza kuurayiwa chirwere chemwana. Kana mwana asina kufema muhope kwemasvondo anenge gumi nemashanu, izvi zvinotanga kutyisidzira upenyu hwake. Saka, zvakakosha kuti vabereki vazive zvakanyanyobvira pamusoro pepnea, zvinokonzera uye nzira dzekuratidzwa, nzira yekuita prophylaxis uye chipi chiremba anobata apnea, pazera revana rinonyanya kushandiswa pakuvandudzwa kwechirwere ichi, nezvimwewo.
Kunyanya kazhinji, apnea muvana inoonekwa pazera remwedzi miviri kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu. Nguva inotyisa zvikuru inobva 3 kusvika 6 am, apo vabereki vakarara nokukurumidza uye havagoni kudzora kufema kwomwana. Kunyatsoteerera kunofanira kubhadharwa kufema kwevana vanoberekwa vasati vatanga-muvana vakadaro nheyo yepamusoro yenheyo haina kukwana zvakakwana, kuitira kuti mukana wekuvandudza zvakasiyana-siyana mumabasa ayo unowedzera. Semuenzaniso, avo vakaberekwa musati mavhiki 34 ekuzvitakura havagone kudzora kufema pachavo, sezvo CNS haina kukwana zvakakwana panguva ino. Vana vakadaro pakarepo mushure mokuberekwa vanoiswa mumakamuri ekudzivirira, zvichibvumira kutonga basa rezvirongwa zvose zvemuviri, uye panyaya yepnea syndrome, kubatanidza kune zvishandiso zvekugadzira mhepo. Pana 38-42 pavhiki kubva pamuviri wepakati yenheyo system inotanga zvakakwana uye kufema, sekutonga, kunowanikwa zvakakwana.
Kurapa kwepnea nemishonga yevanhu
Kudzivirira ndiyo nzira yakakura yekurapa apnea kumba. Sezvo kufuridzira matambudziko kunowanzoonekwa muhuwandu hunowanzova, kuputika kwepamusoro chekufema kwepamusoro, nezvimwewo, kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kunoderedza kupisa. Uchitonhora, zvinobatsira kuvhara mumhino kaviri pazuva, sea buckthorn mafuta kana aloe juice, Kalanchoe, agave. Izvi zvinoderedza kuvhara uye kunomesa kufema kufema. Kugadzirisa kupisa kwemutsipa, rinses inoshandiswa kudonhodza maruva, mafuta uye iodine-soda solutions.
Chigumisiro chakanakisisa ndechekushanda kwekudzidzira kwakakosha kwemisungo yelarynx, kuverenga zvinonzwika, kuimba.
Prophylaxis yepnea
Maitiro makuru ekudzivirira anosanganisira:
- Kurara kune rumwe rutivi.
- Orthopedic (kana kuti zvakanyanya zvakaoma) mattress.
- Shandisa mutsara muduku.
- A qualitative ventilation system muimba yekurara, achifambisa muimba yekurara asati avata.
Nhamo, kudzivirira kunogadzirisa njodzi yepnea, asi hazvivimbisi kudzivirirwa kwakakwana kwomwana. Vaya vari pangozi vanofanira kushandisa zvishandiso zvakakosha zvinodzora kufema uye, kana zviine ngozi, kupa chiratidzo.