Utungamiri Psychology

Mafungiro ehutungamiri nehutungamiri ave nenguva yakaita kuti vanhu vafunge. Chii chinoita kuti munhu ave mutungamiri? Nzira yekuve imwechete? Iyi mibvunzo haisi yekutanga remakore iyo masayendisiti anofarira. Kune dzidziso yevanhu vakuru, iyo iyo munhu ane chimwe chimiro chemamiriro ezvinhu achava mutungamiri akakurumbira, pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu ayo munhu ari.

Utungamiri maitiro

Mukuwedzera, tsika dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinomutsa mubvunzo pamusoro pemutauro weutungamiri. Muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, musayendisiti K. Levin akaita chiongorori chekare, icho chakazobvumira kusiyanisa mitatu mikuru yeutungamiri.

Tinokurudzira mumwe nomumwe wavo:

1. Mazano, iye unyanzvi hwekutonga. Inosanganisira mirayiridzo pfupi yebhizimisi, kusakwana, kusava nekugutsikana. Mutauro wakajeka uye mirayiridzo, kutsvaga. Kusava nemanzwiro mukushanda nguva. Urongwa hwebasa hunogadziriswa zvakakwana, asi chinzvimbo chemu mutungamiri hachina kukurukurwa uye chiri kunze kweboka. Paunenge uchigadzirira chirongwa chebasa, chete pakarepo zvinangwa zvinowanikwa. Chero zvazvingava, izwi remu mutungamiri richave rakasarudzwa.
2. Collegiate (democracy) style. Icho chakasiyana zvachose nemafambiro echiremera. Mirayiridzo inouya mumhando yemitsara, kukurukurirana kunowanzoenderana. Kushandiswa kwe "karoti uye kunamatira" nzira inorumbidzwa uye inotsoropodza nemazano. Mutungamiri anoratidza nzvimbo yake mukati meboka. Zvinhu zvose zvinorongwa zvakare mukati meboka, uye vatori vechikamu vose vane basa rekushandiswa kwemapurogiramu, zvikamu zvose zvebasa zvinowanikwa mukukurukura kukuru.
3. Uye, pakupedzisira, chimiro chacho chiri conniving. Kutaura mutauro wemurume mumugwagwa - kubvumidza, kusununguka. Nzvimbo yemutungamiri inobviswa zvachose kubva muboka rose, zvinhu zviri kuitika sekunge ivo pachavo. Kubva kumutungamiri, nhengo dzeboka hazvigamuchirwi mabasa uye mirayiridzo, basa rose rakarongeka rine zvido zvemunhu wese weboka.

Basa rezvematongerwo enyika rinoitwa sarudzo rinoonekwa sekanonyanya kushandiswa nenzira idzi dzeutungamiri. Iyi nzvimbo inoshandiswa nenyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoshanda mumunda wekutungamira. Basa romutungamiri paanoshandisa nzira yehutungamiri hwehutungamiri ndeyekuvandudza mararamiro ehutungamiri wega kuitira kuti uite sehutano pamwe chete.

Dambudziko reUtungamiri muPfungwa

Kufarira kudzidza ndiyo dambudziko reutungamiri mune zvepfungwa. Mune chimwe chekuunganidza, pasinei nechishuvo cheutungamiri, mapoka mashoma mashoma anooneka. Kana kamwe kamwe "boka pamwe chete muboka" rinotanga kukanganisa mafungiro evanhu vose vari pamwe chete, zvino boka iri richanzi re reference one.

Chido chekubudirira kwechinangwa uye sangano rebasa rebasa, pakupedzisira rinotungamirira pakuonekwa kwemutungamiri. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa nemapoka ose anowanikwa nevanhu vatatu kana kupfuura. Mukufunga kwepfungwa, pane zvitatu zvevatungamiri: mutungamiri mupfungwa shoma, mutungamiri uye mutungamiri wemamiriro ezvinhu.

1. Mutungamiriri. Uyu nhengo yeboka, uyo ane simba guru, ndiani anokwanisa kugutsikana nekukurudzira. Pane dzimwe nhengo dzeboka rake, anogona kuita nyore nyore kutarisa, chiito kana shoko. Mutungamiri anofanira kunge ane unhu hunotevera: chiito chemuviri, simba uye utano hwakanaka. Kuvimba iwe pachako uye mano ako, chiremera, chido chokubudirira mune chero basa. Mutungamiri anofanira kunge akachenjera, ave neruzivo rwakanaka uye ave nekutanga kwekusika. Zvakakoshawo kuva nehutano hwekukurukurirana , kukwanisa kuwana mutauro unowanikwa nevanhu uye kutaurirana.
2. Mutungamiri mupfungwa shoma. Iye ane simba rakanyanya kudarika mutungamiriri. Anowanzozviisa semuenzaniso, anokurudzira "kuita sezvandiri kuita." Inobata chete chikamu cheboka.
3. Zvakanaka, pakupedzisira, mutungamiri wemamiriro ezvinhu . Munhu akadaro ane humwe unhu hunogona kubatsira mune imwe nzvimbo, mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo - somuenzaniso, sangano rechiitiko.