Mishonga ine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzenzvimbo, uye mumwe muongorori ane unyanzvi hwake - chinangwa chebasa. Mukusiyana kwakadaro pane dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kunzwisisa, uye pamusoro pezvinoitwa neonatologist, ndiani, chii chinoratidzira, kwete vanhu vose vanoziva.
Ndiani uyu uye chii chinonzi neonatologist?
Chikamu chakadai chezvechiremba, seeontology, chinodzidza maitiro ehupenyu uye hutano hwevana vatsva. Maererano neizvi, ndiani ari chiremba wevana neonatologist, zviri nyore kufungidzira: chiremba uyu anoshanda mukuongororwa uye kurapwa kwevarwere vaduku, kubva pamaminitsi ekutanga ekuberekwa kwavo. Izvi zvakakonzerwa munguva pfupi yapfuura, apo neontology zvishoma nezvishoma yakatanga kuparadzana kubva kune zvipembenene uye zvepediatrics.
Neonatologist uye vanachiremba - mutsauko
Ichokwadi, mwana wevana neonatologist, pamwe chete nevana vevana, chiremba wevana, asi kunyanya kwake kunonyanya kujeka. Munyaya iyi, unofanira kufanotaura kuti mwedzi yakawanda sei neonatologist inotora vana. Nguva yechecheche inguva yechecheche kubva zero kusvika mazuva makumi maviri nemasere, panguva iyo kutarisa kwehutano hwemwana kunopiwa kune uyu nyanzvi. Chiremba wevana anotangawo kuona vana kubva pamwedzi mumwe chete.
Chii chinobata neonatatologist?
Ani zvake ari neonatologist uye zvaanoporesa, mukadzi wese anotakura mwana anofanira kuziva. Chiremba anoita basa rinoshamisa mune hupenyu hwemurume muduku uyo achangobva kuonekwa. Munguva iyi, apo mararamiro ehupenyu hwemwana ari kuchinja zvikuru, muviri wake unoda kukurumidza kuchinjwa kune imwe nzvimbo yakasviba, kuchinja kune rudzi rwekufema, nzira yekudya, nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Mumwedzi wokutanga wehupenyu, nhengo dzose uye maitiro emucheche anovakwazve, uye panguva iyoyo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona zvinogona kuonekwa, kusanganisira izvo zvinogona kutyisidzira hupenyu hwake huripo munguva yemberi. Zvichipa izvi, munhu anogona kuona kuti ane hutungamiri uye anonyengera sei basa reNeonatologist. Uyu nyanzvi anofanira kunge akakwanisa kunyatsorongedza hutano hwemwana, kuumba mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekuvandudzika kwayo kwakakodzera.
Tichifunga kuti neonatologist iri kurapa, tinofanira kuziva kuti iye panguva imwe chete anofanira kubatana mubasa rake kakasiyana-siyana - chiremba, chiremba, neurologist, pulmonologist, gastroenterologist nezvimwe zvakadaro. Munyaya iyi, urongwa hwezvirwere, hunoongorora uye hunobata chiremba uyu, hwakasiyana. Pakati pavo, munhu anofanirwa kubvisa zvinyorwa zviri pamuganhu wekugadzirisa uye hutachiona, zvinoda kunyatsoteerera kururamiswa panguva yakakodzera:
- physiological jaundice ;
- hormonal crisis;
- albuminuria;
- nguva ine hypoglycemia;
- transitional polycythemia;
- urine acid diathesis nezvimwe.
Tinonyora zvirwere zvikuru nezvinetso izvo nyanzvi inowanzotarisana nayo:
- thrush;
- stool disorders;
- blenorrhea;
- intertrigo ;
- phenylketonuria;
- umbilical hernia;
- hemolytic disease;
- hemorrhagic disease;
- endocrinopathy;
- kuberekwa kwemwoyo kusakwana ;
- pilorospasm;
- kushungurudzika kwekuzvarwa uye vamwe vakawanda.
Ko neonatologist iri kupi?
Nezvo ndiyani - neonatologist, vakadzi vazhinji vanowanikwa kare muchipatara chekuberekwa panguva yekuberekwa kana mushure mokuberekwa. Mukuwedzera, hakusi chete yenguva yakazara yeononatologist muchipatara, nyanzvi idzi dzinoshanda mumatare echipatara chevana muzvipatara, mumakiriniki ekuberekwa, uye kazhinji havagamuchirwi mumakiriniki evana. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kana mwana ane zvinetso zveutano, neonatatologist inogona kuramba ichimutarisa kwemwedzi mitanhatu uye kunyange kusvikira pagore.
Zvinotarisirwa neononatologist
Basa reNeonatologist ndiro basa guru rekuongorora, kurapa nekuyamwisa vacheche nemarangariro chero ipi zvayo, vasati vasununguka kuberekwa, mushure mokutengeswa kwakaoma. Iko neonatologist-resuscitator mune zvinyorwa zvine zvese zvakakosha ruzivo kuitira kuti ipe ruzivo rwakarongeka, ruchikurumidza uye ruchidzokorora.
Mukuwedzera kune mazano ekurapwa kweimwe zvirwere zvemucheche, mumamiriro ezvinhu epolyclinic pachikwata paine neonatologist, asina kumbochidzidza, anogona kugamuchira mazano pamusoro:
- iyo mitemo mikuru yekutarisira mwana;
- hurumende yezuva rechecheche, chikafu chake;
- kuumbwa kwe lactation;
- zvirongwa zvezvirwere nekudaro.
Kuongorora kubva kune neonatologist
Mumaminitsi ekutanga mushure mekuberekwa, nyanzvi yekuongorora inonzi neonatologist ndeyekuongorora hutano hwehutano hwemucheche pachikwata cheApgar kuitira kuti asarudze kuti anodikanwa zvakadini kutarisirwa uye kutarisirwa. Zvinhu zvishanu zvinoshandiswa pane izvi: kufema, kutinhira kwemazwi, mafungiro, mwoyo murefu, ganda. Iyi mitemo yakatemwa kaviri - pakarepo mushure mokuberekwa uye mushure maminitsi mashanu. Kufananidza vacheche, Silverman scale inoshandiswa, iyo inosarudza mabasa ekufema. Mukuwedzera, mwana wacho akayerwa, kuwedzera kuri kuyerwa.
Chii chinonzi neonatologist?
Chiremba iye pachake kana mukoti mumaawa makumi maviri nemaviri mushure mekuberekwa anoita sveru yeropa kubva kumwana achangobva chitsitsinho kuti awedzere kuongororwa pamusoro peboka reropa, Rh chi, zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Mazuva mashomanana gare gare, kuongororwa kweropa kunoitwa nokuda kwezvirwere zvema genetic uye kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekliniki zvakazara. Chiremba achangoberekwa anocherechedza hutano hwemucheche kuburikidza nekuongorora pfungwa huru uye kuongorora nhengo dzakadaro uye chikamu chemuviri:
- dumbu - kunzwa kuti uone chinzvimbo uye ukuru hwepleen, chiropa;
- mutsipa, collarbone, sternum, hip joints - kusabvisa kukuvara kwekuberekwa;
- tsvina - inzwi ravo rinoongororwa;
- musoro - zvakasarudzwa kuti kune edema, tumoramu, ukuru hwepetianel inogadziriswa;
- chiedza, mwoyo - kubvunzwa neponendoscope;
- zviito zvepabonde - kuongororwa, palpation kuona kuti zvinogona kuitika.
Zano reNeonatologist
Mazano mashomanana, ayo neonatologist anopa, achabatsira vabereki vatsva kuti vabudirire kubata mabasa avo, uye mwana ari nyore kuenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu matsva:
- Vakawanda vatsva mumazuva ekutanga mushure mekuberekwa vanenge vachinonoka kurara, izvo zvinowanzoitika, asi hatifaniri kukanganwa kugara tichizvipa mazamu.
- Imba iyo mwana aripo inofanirwa kunge yakanyatsonaka, uye mapepa, nguo, mabhedha haafaniri kupindira nekufema kwemakumbo.
- Pamusana pekuti kunyatsogadziriswa kwemwana kwakanyatsogadzirwa, hakwanise kusuruvara uye kunzwa kutonhora sevanhu vakuru, zvakakosha kupfeka uye kuifukidza maererano nekupisa kwemukati.
- Kushanya kwevakashanyira kunofanirwa kunonoka kwemazuva mashoma kana vhiki, apo chigumbuso chichagadzira humwe hurumende.
- Iyo Kid inonyanya kunetseka kumamiriro ehupenyu emai, uye kwaari zvakakosha kunzwa kunzwa kunonoka kunobva kwaari, kuvimba mune zviito zvake.